Laminated object manufacturing 1 prototyping method
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Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) is a rapid prototyping technique that creates 3D models using sheets of materials like plastic or paper. The process involves layering and bonding sheets using heat and pressure and then cutting each layer into the desired shape with a laser. Key advantages are its ability to produce large models quickly and accurately using inexpensive materials like paper. However, LOM is not well-suited for complex geometries and does not produce high quality functional prototypes.
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Laminated object manufacturing
The document discusses Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), a type of solid rapid prototyping that uses lasers to create 3D models from layered materials. The LOM process involves adding and subtracting layers of material such as paper or plastic to build a part. Each thin layer is cut to shape using a CO2 laser before the next layer is added. LOM can produce models and prototypes quickly and cheaply from a variety of materials and is used to make scaled models, patterns for casting, and 3D printed objects for home use. However, LOM also has disadvantages like using unstable paper and producing smoke during cutting.
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The adhesive peel test exists in a number of forms such as the stripping, “T”,
floating roller and climbing drum tests. These are all essentially variations
of a common theme, shown schematically in Figure 1. A peel load is applied
at some angle to the adhesive through a flexible adherend. This tests the
adhesive in its weakest mode, since strengths from shear lap tests are many
times greater than those from peel tests even for high peel strength adhesives.
This is because the load, P, and more importantly, the bending moment, M,
due to the moment of the load about the bond end (see Figure 1) are reacted
over a very small region of the adhesive at the bond end, thus causing high
local stresses.
The various peel tests have only been used in a comparative manner,
largely because of the lack of information about the adhesive stress distribution. Further, small modifications of adhesive structure, such as adding Large displacement finite element analysis and subsequent experimental work has been uscd 10
investigate the adhesive peel test; at this stage, only elastic behaviour has been considered.
Both non-cracked and cracked configurations have been analysed, representing initial and
continuous failure of the peel test. Analysis of the former indicated that initial failure was
caused by the adhesive principal stresses driving a crack towards the interface with the flexible
adherend. Investigation of the cracked configuration has shown that the amount of mode I1
loading at the crack tip is significant and is essentially independent of peel angle, load and
adhesive or adherend modulus, only decreasing as the adhesive becomes incompressible. Failure
(propagation) has been shown to occur at a critical applied bending moment for a particular
adherend and adhesive, independent of peel angle. Further, the strength (IoadJ’measured by the
peel test is not proportional to the actual strength ofthe adhesive, a small increase in the adhesive
strength causing a much larger increase in the applied peel load. stigate the mechanics of the peel test in order to establish
the way in which such joints fail. This necessitates the evaluation of the
adhesive stress distribution in the peel test and subsequent application of a
failure criterion based on fracture mechanics concepts. The finite element
technique, which has already been used successfully for the analysis of adhesive joints,' has been used here. This technique provides a method of stress
analysis for geometrically complicated structures. The effects of plasticity
may well be important but, at this stage, elastic behaviour has been assumed.
Previously, the peel test has been represented either by a non-cracked, bimaterial model or by a cracked, single-material model. Among the workers
who adopt the first approach are Kaelble' and Nich~lson.~ They have
modelled the adhesive as a layer of tension and shear springs and assum
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The document summarizes a presentation about rapid prototyping and its applications in the 21st century. It defines what a prototype is and discusses the need for prototyping. It then explains the basics of rapid prototyping, including the main processes of stereolithography, selective laser sintering, laminated object manufacturing, and fused deposition modeling. The document outlines common materials used and applications of rapid prototyping in various fields like aerospace, automotive, biomedical, architecture, fashion and more. It concludes by discussing NWFP UET's collaboration with Khyber Medical University to initiate bio-medical engineering.
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This is a simple presentation with more pictures and required side headings.
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Stereolithography (SLA) is an additive manufacturing process that uses a laser to cure liquid photopolymer resin layer by layer. It works by scanning the laser beam across the surface of the resin to solidify each thin layer before building subsequent layers on top. The key advantages of SLA include its ability to produce parts with high accuracy and surface finish. However, it requires support structures and post-processing steps like curing and removal of supports. SLA has applications in prototyping, tooling, and low volume production.
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- The module discusses the additive manufacturing process chain from CAD to part build and removal, and classifies AM into liquid polymer, particle, molten material, and solid sheet systems.
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This presentation deals with the rapid prototyping fundamentals, rapid tooling vs conventional tooling and types of RP such as stereolithography,fused deposition modelling , laminated object manufacturing , 3d printing and selective laser sintering.
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Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) is a solid-based rapid prototyping process that uses adhesive-coated sheets of material like paper or plastic. The LOM process involves using a laser to cut the sheet material into layers according to a 3D model, stacking the layers and adhering them together using heat and pressure to build a prototype. Some key advantages of LOM include its ability to produce large prototypes, low material costs, and wide variety of usable materials. However, LOM also has limitations like requiring decubing of parts and not being suitable for complex geometries.
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selective laser sintering;a rapid prototyping technology
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laminatedobj-160504085540 (1).pptx
The adhesive peel test exists in a number of forms such as the stripping, “T”,
floating roller and climbing drum tests. These are all essentially variations
of a common theme, shown schematically in Figure 1. A peel load is applied
at some angle to the adhesive through a flexible adherend. This tests the
adhesive in its weakest mode, since strengths from shear lap tests are many
times greater than those from peel tests even for high peel strength adhesives.
This is because the load, P, and more importantly, the bending moment, M,
due to the moment of the load about the bond end (see Figure 1) are reacted
over a very small region of the adhesive at the bond end, thus causing high
local stresses.
The various peel tests have only been used in a comparative manner,
largely because of the lack of information about the adhesive stress distribution. Further, small modifications of adhesive structure, such as adding Large displacement finite element analysis and subsequent experimental work has been uscd 10
investigate the adhesive peel test; at this stage, only elastic behaviour has been considered.
Both non-cracked and cracked configurations have been analysed, representing initial and
continuous failure of the peel test. Analysis of the former indicated that initial failure was
caused by the adhesive principal stresses driving a crack towards the interface with the flexible
adherend. Investigation of the cracked configuration has shown that the amount of mode I1
loading at the crack tip is significant and is essentially independent of peel angle, load and
adhesive or adherend modulus, only decreasing as the adhesive becomes incompressible. Failure
(propagation) has been shown to occur at a critical applied bending moment for a particular
adherend and adhesive, independent of peel angle. Further, the strength (IoadJ’measured by the
peel test is not proportional to the actual strength ofthe adhesive, a small increase in the adhesive
strength causing a much larger increase in the applied peel load. stigate the mechanics of the peel test in order to establish
the way in which such joints fail. This necessitates the evaluation of the
adhesive stress distribution in the peel test and subsequent application of a
failure criterion based on fracture mechanics concepts. The finite element
technique, which has already been used successfully for the analysis of adhesive joints,' has been used here. This technique provides a method of stress
analysis for geometrically complicated structures. The effects of plasticity
may well be important but, at this stage, elastic behaviour has been assumed.
Previously, the peel test has been represented either by a non-cracked, bimaterial model or by a cracked, single-material model. Among the workers
who adopt the first approach are Kaelble' and Nich~lson.~ They have
modelled the adhesive as a layer of tension and shear springs and assum
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This document provides an introduction to 3D printing, including a brief history, pros and cons, different technologies used, popular 3D printer brands, 3D modeling, and online resources. It explains that 3D printing involves building solid objects layer by layer from a 3D digital model, and that common technologies include extrusion (FDM), light polymerization, and powder bed methods using heat, lasers, or liquid binding to fuse materials together. The document also notes that while 3D printing enables fast prototyping and less waste than traditional methods, prints can be small and slow with limited material choices.
3d printing in prosthodontics K V G
Sai Bharath's presentation discusses the use of 3D printing in prosthodontics. It provides a brief history of 3D printing, explaining how it works by building objects layer by layer from a 3D digital file. The presentation outlines several 3D printing technologies and materials that can be used, such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and selective laser sintering. It also summarizes how 3D printing is applied to prosthodontic applications like dental models, dentures, crowns, surgical guides, and more. Studies are presented showing the advantages of 3D printing techniques like increased accuracy, reduced waste, and personalized dental restorations compared to traditional CAD/CAM methods. In conclusion,
3 D printing new 2015
3D printing involves converting a virtual 3D model into a physical object by laying down successive layers of material. It began in the 1980s and is now used for industrial prototyping, education, medicine, fashion, food and more. Various technologies are used including stereolithography (SLA), fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and others. While it provides many benefits, 3D printing has limitations such as slow speeds and potential effects on certain jobs. The future may bring larger 3D printers that can build structures and even prepare meals.
3d printer
- A 3-month-old baby named Kaiba was born with a deadly defect called tracheobronchomalacia where his pulmonary artery was intertwined over his bronchus, preventing air from reaching his left lung. He required a ventilator to survive.
- Doctors at Michigan hospital used a 3D printer to create an artificial windpipe made of a special thermoplastic called Polycaprolactone that was designed to exactly fit Kaiba's needs.
- The 3D printed windpipe was implanted and allowed Kaiba to live a normal life without needing intensive care. His case demonstrated how 3D printing can be used to create customized implants for conditions that were previously considered irreparable.
Rapid prototyping technologies,applications &part deposition planning 2
Rapid prototyping technologies allow for the quick fabrication of scale models using 3D CAD data. The document discusses several rapid prototyping processes like stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and selective laser sintering. It also covers part deposition planning, which determines part accuracy, surface quality, build time and cost based on factors like tessellation, slicing, and orientation. While rapid prototyping enables faster design iterations, limitations include poor surface finish and limited strength compared to final production parts.
The latest 3 d printing efforts against covid 19
محاضرة الطابعات ثلاثية الابعاد لمكافحة فيروس كرونا - من مبادرة خليك فى بيتك ارجوك للمدرسة البحثية العلمية المصرية
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This document summarizes a PhD thesis presentation on correlating process parameters and surface finish of laser sintering rapid prototyping. It begins with introducing prototypes and rapid prototyping techniques. It then discusses various rapid prototyping processes like stereolithography, material jetting, binder jetting, fused deposition modeling, sheet lamination, directed energy deposition, and powder bed fusion. For each process, it outlines the materials used, advantages, and disadvantages. The document provides a comprehensive overview of rapid prototyping and additive manufacturing techniques and materials.
Rapid-prototyping
The document discusses various rapid prototyping technologies. It provides an overview of the basic 5-step rapid prototyping process of creating a CAD model, converting it to STL format, slicing the STL file, layer-by-layer construction, and clean and finish. It then describes several specific rapid prototyping methods - selective laser sintering, stereolithography, laminated object manufacturing, and fused deposition modeling - and compares their applications, advantages, disadvantages and specifications.
3D Printing Technology.pptx
The document discusses 3D printing, including its history, workflow, classification of different processes, and applications. It begins with an introduction to 3D printing and how it works by building objects layer by layer from digital files. It then covers the typical workflow involving digital modeling, file conversion, slicing, and layer-by-layer printing. Different 3D printing processes are classified as either liquid-based like stereolithography (SLA), solid-based like fused deposition modeling (FDM), or powder-based like selective laser sintering (SLS). The document concludes by discussing current and future applications of 3D printing across many industries.
Rapid-prototyping ( mechanical )
Rapid prototyping is a revolutionary technology that builds 3D objects from digital designs. It involves layer-by-layer construction of models using materials deposited by various additive processes like stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, or selective laser sintering. This allows physical prototypes to be quickly produced from 3D CAD files in hours rather than weeks. Rapid prototyping brings advantages like early design validation and visualization of concepts.
ashok mule rapid prototyping presentation
This document presents a summary of rapid prototyping. It begins with an introduction defining rapid prototyping as a technique to quickly fabricate scale models from 3D CAD data in a layered manner. It then outlines the basic principles and methodology involving 5 steps: CAD model creation, STL file conversion, slicing, layer-by-layer construction, and cleaning. Various rapid prototyping techniques are described such as stereolithography, selective laser sintering, laminated object manufacturing, and fused deposition modeling. Applications include engineering, aerospace, medical, and arts. Advantages are listed as faster production, lower costs, and better communication while disadvantages include high machinery costs and unsuitability for large products. The future of
pRapid prototyping.pptx
This document discusses rapid prototyping techniques. It begins with an introduction defining rapid prototyping as a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate scale models from 3D CAD data in a layered, additive process. The basic principles and various techniques like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling are described. Applications in engineering, aerospace, architecture, and medicine are covered. Advantages include faster production and testing, while disadvantages include high machinery costs. Future developments may include higher speeds, accuracy, and use of advanced materials.
rapidprototyping-130214024311-phpapp01-140307000659-phpapp01.pdf
This document discusses rapid prototyping, which involves quickly building physical prototypes using 3D printing or other additive manufacturing methods. It provides a brief history of the development of rapid prototyping from the 1960s to present. Key rapid prototyping methods discussed include stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, and laminated object manufacturing. The document also covers advantages of rapid prototyping and rapid tooling.
Lecture: An introduction to additive manufacturing
1) Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a process of building 3D objects by depositing materials layer by layer based on a digital model.
2) AM has various applications across industries and the global AM industry is valued at $8 billion in 2018 and expected to reach $23 billion by 2026.
3) Common AM techniques include fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), and polyjet modeling; they differ in the materials and joining processes used to build layers.
Compression Molding Presentation
(1) Compression molding is a manufacturing process used to mold thermosetting materials under heat and pressure in a mold cavity.
(2) The process involves preheating the molding material, placing it into the mold, applying pressure using a hydraulic press, and allowing the material to cure.
(3) Compression molding is commonly used to make electrical parts, dinnerware, gears, buttons, and automotive and medical components. It allows for high volume, low-cost production with minimal material waste.
Rapid Prototyping.pptx
This document provides an overview of rapid prototyping technologies including fused deposition modeling, stereolithography, and selective laser sintering. It discusses applications in industries like automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and consumer electronics. Rapid prototyping builds objects layer by layer from CAD data and is faster than traditional prototyping methods. The document also lists sites for finding CAD models and discusses 3D printing applications and prominent companies in Nepal.
Material Jetting and Material Extrusion.pptx
The document discusses material jetting additive manufacturing technology. It describes how material jetting works by using printheads that dispense droplets of photosensitive material that solidify with UV light, allowing for the printing of multiple materials and support structures that can be removed. Key advantages are its ability to produce very smooth surfaces and accurate parts with homogeneous properties. Limitations include materials having poor mechanical properties and degrading over time. Commercial machines can print with multiple materials simultaneously at the build area, part, and material levels.
additivemanufacturingppt-161015184713.pdf
Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves building 3D objects layer by layer from digital models. The document discusses the current state and future potential of 7 additive manufacturing processes, including stereolithography, material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition. It also identifies gaps in technology, materials, design, modeling, and education/training that need to be addressed for additive manufacturing to become more widely used for mass production. Recommendations include increased collaboration between universities and industry to advance the technology and reduce costs.
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Rapid prototyping technologies,applications &part deposition planning 2
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rapidprototyping-130214024311-phpapp01-140307000659-phpapp01.pdf
Lecture: An introduction to additive manufacturing
Lecture: An introduction to additive manufacturing
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Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
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This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
一比一原版(CalArts毕业证)加利福尼亚艺术学院毕业证如何办理
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
Slides for the 4th Presentation on LLM Fine-Tuning with QLoRA Presented by Anant, featuring DataStax Astra
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Computational Engineering IITH Presentation
This Presentation will give you a brief idea about what Computational Engineering at IIT Hyderabad has to offer.
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Data Driven Maintenance | UReason Webinar
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
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Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
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Laminated object manufacturing 1 prototyping method
- 2. LAYOUT • Introduction • Materials • Basic process • Diagram • Video • Some examples of lom • Application • Advantages • Disadvantages
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) is a rapid prototyping technique • It was developed by the California-based heslisys of Torrance in 1991 • It is type of solid rapid prototyping used to create low cost 3D model using lasers • In this process ,layers of plastic or paper are fused or laminated using heat and pressure and then cut into the desired shape with a computer
- 4. MATERIALS • Sheets of material (paper ,plastic ,ceramic or composite) are either precut or rolled • Thermoplastics such as PVC. • Composites(ferrous ,non ferrous and ceramics material).
- 5. BASIC PROCESS • Material is usually a sheet laminated with adhesive on one side. • Layer fabrication starts with sheet being adhered to substrate with the heated roller • The laser than traces out the outline of the layer • Non-part areas are cross hatched to facilitate removal of waste material • Once the laser cutting is complete , the platform moves down and out of the way so that fresh sheet material can be rolled into position
- 6. BASIC PROCESS • Once new material is in position, the platform moves back up to one layer below its previous position • The process can now be repeated
- 7. DIAGRAM
- 8. VIDEO
- 9. SOME EXAMPLES OF LOM
- 10. CASE STUDY • Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) process is one of rapid prototyping technology which is used to manufacture 3D dimensional solid object with sheet lamination process. The unique feature of this technology is its capacity to manufacture complicated geometrical parts with less cost of fabrication and operational time. Starting from 1980s, LOM process has been studied by many scholars and come up with promising outcomes. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the overall idea and general working principle of LOM process and to review the existing technology on paper, composite and metals. In addition to this, current project of 3D metal printer with its extended future research has been discussed.
- 11. APPLICATION OF LOM • The main field of LOM-Printers is prototyping techniques and creating of architectural models • Yet it is more popular in the production of customized objects than for personal or industrial use • It can also be used to make patterns for use in traditional manufacturing such as sand molded casting
- 12. ADVANTAGES • Ability to produce larger scaled models. • Uses very inexpensive paper • Fast and accurate • Environmental friendly
- 13. DISADVANTAGES • Not ideal for making complex geometries • It is not used for functional prototypes • Finish , accuracy and stability of paper objects not as good as material used with other RP methods