This document provides an overview of just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing, including its definition, central themes, prerequisites, techniques, goals, advantages, and examples. JIT is a system that organizes production so that parts are available only when needed in the production process to reduce waste. The key themes are simplicity, quality, and eliminating waste. The Toyota Production System is provided as a real-world example of a successful JIT implementation.
Just-in-time means, for example, that in the process of assembling the parts to build a car, the necessary kind of sub-assemblies of the preceding processes should arrive at the product line at the time needed in the necessary quantities. It is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time.
Just-in-time means, for example, that in the process of assembling the parts to build a car, the necessary kind of sub-assemblies of the preceding processes should arrive at the product line at the time needed in the necessary quantities. It is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time.
IMPROVEMENT OF MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS THROUGH A LEAN MANAGEMENT APPROACH A...sanobar77
The case study concerns the plant of a primary multinational company of the pharmaceutical industry. This plant produces pharmaceutical products in a solid form (pills, tablets, capsules, etc.). The company has about 400 employees and its annual production adds up to about 100 million packages sold in the European market and to more than 100 markets globally.
The pharmaceutical industry has been greatly affected by the 2008-2010 global economic crises. Revenues are decreasing because of competition from generic alternatives, while the costs of R&D are rising for and competition is increasing. All these features push pharmaceutical companies to apply methodologies for performance improvement
IMPROVEMENT OF MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS THROUGH A LEAN MANAGEMENT APPROACH A...sanobar77
The case study concerns the plant of a primary multinational company of the pharmaceutical industry. This plant produces pharmaceutical products in a solid form (pills, tablets, capsules, etc.). The company has about 400 employees and its annual production adds up to about 100 million packages sold in the European market and to more than 100 markets globally.
The pharmaceutical industry has been greatly affected by the 2008-2010 global economic crises. Revenues are decreasing because of competition from generic alternatives, while the costs of R&D are rising for and competition is increasing. All these features push pharmaceutical companies to apply methodologies for performance improvement
CAMLESS ENGINE provide a great development in I C Engine and mark begining of 2nd generation engine...
Further Research and development are needed to take full advantage of the system !!!
The slide describes about camless automotive engine which is otherwise known as free valve engine. Camless means no camshaft is required to lift the exhaust valve. It also includes its features and uses to open the poppet valve, what is poppet valve, functions and benefits of camless engine, how it operates, use of sensors in it and others view on such a new automotive technology.
Since the invention of internal combustion engines, camshafts have been used to operate the valves on the cylinder head to bring in air and fuel and expel exhaust gases. The conventional valve train has its limitations: the single lobed cam is designed to operate the valves at only specific periods of the Otto cycle, thus preventing the engine from achieving maximum torque at higher rpms. The opening and closing of the valves is constrained by the geometry of the cam profile. The concept of camless engines allows for greater optimization of overall engine performance during different phases of running.
Presentation "Electric Cars" for Ukrainian company DTEK. DTEK is the largest privately-owned vertically-integrated energy company in Ukraine, with efficient enterprises that mine and prepare coal as well as operate on electrical power generation and supply markets. The Company is the energy division of System Capital Management (SCM), one of Ukraine’s leading financial and industrial groups.
electric car hybridization and inovationsuvrta singh
future proposal..for the hybridization of electric cars..to get onboard energy generation system in place of recharge sytems..use of hydrogen as ecofrndly fuel..and fuel refill system...no daut..much faster, and much efficient,economic,ecofrndly solution
Electric cars are automobiles, which are powered by the electric engine and electric energy. The development of the electric vehicles is a very perspective and important process. Scientists and engineers managed to create electric engines which are no less effective than the ordinary engines used today. It is obvious that electric cars are more ecologically safe and require less energy for work. EVs provide fast acceleration by delivering power instantly to the wheels by providing high torque at low speeds; they give a feel of smooth and quick responsiveness (Technology).
Know about Just-In-Time and Lean manufacturing system. Find benefits and difference between JIT and Lean Manufacturing by Nilesh Arora, a founder of AddValue Consulting Inc.
Once the entrepreneur has taken the decisions regarding the product design and
production processes and system, his next task is to take steps for production
planning and control, as this function is essentially required for efficient and
economical production. One of the major problems of small scale enterprises is
that of low productivity small scale industries can utilise natural resources, which
are otherwise lying.
Small scale sector can play an important role, similar to the one played by small
scale industries in other developed countries.
Planned production is an important feature of the small industry. The small
entrepreneur possessing the ability to look ahead, organize and coordinate and
having plenty of driving force and capacity to lead and ability to supervise and
coordinate work and simulates his associates by means of a programme of human
relation and organization of employees, he would be able to get the best out of his
small industrial unit.
Gorden and Carson observe production; planning and control involve generally
the organization and planning of manufacturing process. Especially it consists of
the planning of routing, scheduling, dispatching inspection, and coordination,
control of materials, methods machines, tools and operating times. The ultimate
objective is the organization of the supply and movement of materials and labour,
machines utilization and related activities, in order to bring about the desired
manufacturing results in terms of quality, quantity, time and place.
120
Production planning without production control is like a bank without a bank
manager, planning initiates action while control is an adjusting process, providing
corrective measures for planned development. Production control regulates and
stimulates the orderly how of materials in the manufacturing process from the
beginning to the end.
Lean - PPT (Lean manufacturing and six sigma)Blankdevil
Lean manufacturing is a methodology that focuses on minimizing waste within manufacturing systems while simultaneously maximizing productivity. Waste is seen as anything that customers do not believe adds value and are not willing to pay for. Some of the benefits of lean manufacturing can include reduced lead times, reduced operating costs and improved product quality.
Lean manufacturing, also known as lean production, or lean, is a practice that organizations from numerous fields can enable. Some well-known companies that use lean include Toyota, Intel, John Deere and Nike. The approach is based on the Toyota Production System and is still used by that company, as well as myriad others. Companies that use enterprise resource planning (ERP) can also benefit from using a lean production system.
Lean manufacturing is based on a number of specific principles, such as Kaizen, or continuous improvement.
Lean manufacturing was introduced to the Western world via the 1990 publication of The Machine That Changed the World, which was based on an MIT study into the future of the automobile detailed by Toyota's lean production system. Since that time, lean principles have profoundly influenced manufacturing concepts throughout the world, as well as industries outside of manufacturing, including healthcare, software development and service industries.
5 principles of lean manufacturing
A widely referenced book, Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation, which was published in 1996, laid out five principles of lean, which many in the field reference as core principles. Value is created by the producer, but it is defined by the customer. Companies need to understand the value the customer places on their products and services, which, in turn, can help them determine how much money the customer is willing to pay.
The company must strive to eliminate waste and cost from its business processes so that the customer's optimal price can be achieved -- at the highest profit to the company.
2. Map the value stream. This principle involves recording and analyzing the flow of information or materials required to produce a specific product or service with the intent of identifying waste and methods of improvement. Value stream mapping encompasses the product's entire lifecycle, from raw materials through to disposal.
Companies must examine each stage of the cycle for waste. Anything that does not add value must be eliminated. Lean thinking recommends supply chain alignment as part of this effort.
3. Create flow. Eliminate functional barriers and identify ways to improve lead time. This aids in ensuring the processes are smooth from the time an order is received through to delivery. Flow is critical to the elimination of waste. Lean manufacturing relies on preventing interruptions in the production process and enabling a harmonized and integrated set of processes in which activities move in a constant stream.ean manufacturing requires a rel
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2. A Brief Overview
• Central Themes
• Prerequisites for
Implementation
• Just-In-Time Techniques
• A Brainstorming Exercise
• A Competitive Edge
• Major Misconceptions of JIT
3. A Brief Overview (cont’d.)
• Goals of Just-In-Time Manufacturing
• Advantages of Just-In-Time
Manufacturing
• How JIT Works
• A Real World Example
• An Exercise
• Summary
4. Just-In-Time Manufacturing:
A Definition
• Uses a systems approach to develop
and operate a manufacturing system
• Organizes the production process so
that parts are available when they
are needed
• A method for optimizing processes
that involves continual reduction of
waste
10. A Competitive Edge
• Integrating and Optimizing
• Improve Continuously
• Understanding the Customer
11. The Major
Misconceptions of JIT
• JIT is Only an Inventory Control
System
• It is a Method to “Push”
Inventory Back to the Supplier
• JIT is a Quality Control Program
12. Goals of Just-In-Time
Systems
• Design for Optimum Quality and
Cost
• Minimize resources needed for
Design and Manufacturing
• Be Responsive to the Customers
Needs
13. Goals of Just-In-Time
Systems(cont’d)
• Develop Trust and Open
Relationships with Suppliers and
Customers
• Develop a Commitment to
Improve the Total Manufacturing
System
15. Elements in Materials
Cost Saving
• Reduction of • Eliminate
Suppliers unpacking
• Long-term • Eliminate
Contracts Inspection
• Reduce Order • Eliminate
Scheduling inventory
• Simplify Stocking
Receiving • Eliminate
Systems Excess Material
16. How Just-In-Time
Systems Work
• Requirements for JIT
Manufacturing
• Firm-wide Commitment
• Knowledgeable Management
17. Requirements for JIT
• Respond to • Company wide
Customer Commitment to
Requirements education
• Integrate all • Eliminate
Processes in the
Manufacturing redundancy
System • Reduce all
• Employee Inventory
Participation in • Establish
Meeting Continuous
Commitments Improvement Goals
18. Requirements for
JIT(cont’d)
• Use a pull • Have a Defect
Production Prevention
System Program
• Design products • Reduce Setup
for
Manufacturing Times
• Develop • Build Products
Controllable to Specification
Production
Processes
19. A Real World Example
• The Toyota Production System
20. A JIT Exercise
• Q: What are the three central
themes surrounding Just-In-
Time Manufacturing and why are
they important?
22. Bibliography
• Mito, Setsuo and Ohno, Taiichi. Just-In-
Time For Today And Tomorrow. Cambridge:
Productivity Press, Inc., 1986.
• Lubben, Richard T.. Just-In-Time
Manufacturing. New York: McGraw-Hill
Book Co., 1988.
• Maskell, Brian H.. Just In Time. Carol
Stream: Hitchcock Publishing Co., 1989.
Editor's Notes
This PowerPoint presentation focuses on Just-in time manufacturing and its use and implementation in the manufacturing world.
These are topics that will be covered in the upcoming slides.
A continuation of the topics that will be covered in the upcoming slides.
Just-In-Time manufacturing was originally developed in the far east and so far they have been the most successful in implementing it into their production processes. Its much more than just another way to control inventory, it’s a way to eliminate it completely. During production parts and subassemblies are to be available on the shop floor exactly when they are needed. Any part of the production process that does not add value to the product should be eliminated.
Waste is defined as “any activity that increases cost but does not add value to the product. The end result should be a manufacturing process with no wasteful actions. The goal of JIT manufacturing is to identify the perfect process, making the process as simple and efficient as possible. Quality is one of the main
In order for JIT implementation to be successful a company must follow these guidelines and not try to implement JIT just for the sake of change. Most of the company’s that change to JIT manufacturing are doing it because of their competitors, mainly those in the far east, because they are producing far more rapidly and effectively. JIT changes almost every aspect of the company so it does not fall on the shoulders of a single segment of the firm but instead a firm-wide commitment is needed. The executives have to be the leaders involved in JIT, they must be the guiding light for the rest of the firm. Strategic planning runs deep in the commitment to JIT, the entire corporation must be involved in planning, from the executives all the way down to the production workers on the floor. Success In JIT needs to see a commitment to action in all facets of the corporation. Getting everyone involved and committed is the first step to successful implementation of JIT and the first step to an increase in continuous improvement.
Inventory reduction as a tool for improvements, means that if you reduce inventory many good things can happen along with it. Costs are reduced greatly if inventory is reduced, also a large inventory usually does not get rid of problems it just hides them. Supplier relationships is a big part of the JIT process, the main goal is to have suppliers deliver raw materials and components exactly when they are needed on the shop floor, skipping inspection and storage. This requires a great deal of trust between the supplier and the customer, this can be achieved through sole-sourcing, and long term contracts to promote loyalty. Inventory pull is the opposite of the traditional technique, inventory push. Inventory pull means that each manufacturing center pulls the the work from the previous site as space becomes available. This keeps the WIP low because there is no build up of work at any specific work station. The only WIP needed is the work on the floor being currently manufactured. Uniform plant loading refers to the fact that the plant should be making today what the customer ordered for delivery today. An aspect of JIT is to have a uniform, level schedule of production that can also be very flexible depending on the demand for the product. There should be level flow of work passing through each work station throughout the day.
Reduced setup times are achieved in JIT by keeping batch sizes as small as possible, the ideal batch size is said to be one. Companies spend a lot of time in setup time reduction, with the implementation of JIT setup time are usually reduced thirty or fifty percent. In a Just-In-Time manufacturing company the plant floors are laid out so that there is a minimal movement of goods during the production process, this reduces a great deal of waste. Product quality is extremely important in a JIT situation, all aspects of the product and the manufacturing process must be carefully scrutinized for optimum quality. Every member of the production process must be trained in production quality and should use techniques to assure quality. Techniques such as Statistical process control is a very good way to ensure quality during production. Preventive maintenance is needed to reduce variation in the process and also to keep a high level of quality. This requires a comprehensive examination of all machines on a regular basis.
Just-In-Time manufacturing has been one of the major reasons for Japanese success in business. If JIT is implemented correctly in your business it could be a total success. If JIT is implemented correctly it can be successful no matter what your business is, its goals provide all the ingredients for success. The goals for JIT are; Design for optimum quality, cost and ease of manufacturing, minimize resources needed to produce a product, responsiveness to the customer, develop trust relationships with the customer and supplier, and total commitment within the corporation to improve the total manufacturing system. These goals are lofty but they are the backbone to creating an extremely successful company. There are a few basic tactics that should be followed when using JIT. First you should have design acceptance based on production goals and on production performance, you should also begin to minimize the costs of labor materials and equipment in the production process. Then you should eliminate redundancy in production, remove all types of “gate inspections” and set goals for continuous improvements. After this you should begin to eliminate all unnecessary inventory, monitor customer satisfaction. Next is to secure your supplier base, also give the employees freedom on the production floor to do what they feel necessary to ensure a quality product, finally you must be able to deliver a quality product when and where it is needed.
When a company is using JIT as a manufacturing tool they secure a competitive edge on a few of the key elements in the manufacturing world. By integrating and optimizing a company can very quickly improve its financial status, this means that they should cut all unnecessary overhead costs and steps in the production process. Some of the unnecessary functions that should be eliminated are inspection, rework loops, and inventory. Improving continuously means that the company should develop goals and internal systems that advocate continuous improvement highly. This should be included in the design for new products, and also in the development of employee participation in all aspects of the company’s procedures. Finally the edge in understanding the customer and reducing the customers internal costs. If a company can realize the customer internal costs and do everything they can to reduce them they will definitely have the competitive edge.
With the implementation of Just-In-Time techniques inventory will become more controlled but it is hardly the major function. The “pull” system that JIT uses does not allow inventory to be in abundance, and materials cannot be ordered until needed. If JIT was implemented as an inventory control alone it could never be effective. The second major misconception about JIT is that a company pushes the suppliers inventory back into their shop thus, leaving the supplier with the heavy inventory load. A business with an effective JIT process should never have an abundance of inventory no matter where it is stored, whether the inventory is still at the suppliers or the customer has it is irrelevant, it is still costing to hold it. The final misconception is that JIT systems are only quality control programs, this is the biggest misconception because JIT is an operating philosophy not a program for a single facet of operation.
Design of a product is one of the most important phases of a products development because it integrates the quality and cost immediately. Designing a product with high manufacturability is an important step because it shows the efficiency at which a product can be manufactured. To minimize the resources that go into a product is just good business practices, however, it is a key to success in JIT systems. Capital, equipment , and labor are the key elements of a product and the reduction of these will minimize cost and time in the production process, but the important thing is that the product remains at a high level of quality. Being responsive to the customers needs is also very important in JIT systems because you must be able to understand how your customers internal systems and requirements. Being responsive to the customer can include; producing various sizes of lots, reducing manufacturing costs, reducing lead time, reducing the customers internal costs, working with the customers management on future products.
Trust and open relationships are very important in a JIT atmosphere because the customer and the supplier must set long-term goals and very precise shipment and delivery dates. When working in a JIT system it is not about yourself its about teamwork and helping each be as effective as possible. The last goal is to have a firm-wide commitment to continuous improvement. The management must encourage and support continuous improvement for JIT to be effective.
Materials cost savings is basically the reduction of costs incorporated with purchasing, receiving, inspection, and stockroom costs. Manufacturing cost savings identifies saving in the engineering, production, and the quality control activities. A major part of manufacturing cost savings I keeping a high level of quality, quality reduces cost and increases revenue. Sales cost saving comes in the form of reducing overlap between the supplier and the customer, which is inspection and testing. The most effective situation that the sales department can establish is finding customers that also use JIT systems.
These are a few of the main ways to reduce materials related costs in a JIT system.
There are many requirements for JIT systems that will be covered in the upcoming slides but the main requirements are organizational commitment to the company’s internal structures related to JIT techniques, and customer and supplier support systems. Firm-wide commitment and knowledgeable management run hand in hand because first you need knowledgeable management to have firm-wide commitment. The management must be able to teach the employees about JIT and support the effort completely. They must know everything about JIT so that they can inform everyone of what is going on at all times.
This is a list of the requirements that a company needs to utilize in order for Just-In-Time to be successful, all of these requirements need to be incorporated by the entire firm not just the management.
A continuation of the requirements needed for JIT implementation to be successful.
The Toyota production system has been called the “kanban system” and the “Toyota System”, but they are just other labels referring to the Just-In-Time system. Toyota has gone through an evolution of sorts, They have evolved into a comprehensive system that is a single unit with n o separate parts. The Toyota system first attracted attention in 1973 when Japan was going through an oil crisis and it companies had to manage to do well with less. They began to closely scrutinize the relentless pursuit of total elimination of waste that Toyota swore by. Many people criticized this method but they could have just been making excuses because it is a very difficult and time consuming process to implement such a serious change in an organization. The times are changing from “if we make it, we can sell it” to a time where society views quality and value as the most important aspects of a product. Toyota implemented JIT in a time where most people had never even heard of it, and they did it with near perfection.
A: The three themes surrounding JIT are Simplicity, Quality, and the elimination of waste. All three of these are extremely important because each one is needed for the the whole system to operate effectively.
Just-In-Time manufacturing systems are a great way for a company to become more successful than their current state, it gives a firm an absolute competitive advantage over others in the same market. However, it is a very complex system and there are many requirements and prerequisites that need to be followed in order for this system to be effective. It requires a firm-wide commitment that is not seen in any other type of system in production or manufacturing, it also closes the gap between the different departments in a firm and makes the entire firm work and communicate as one single unit. This is one of the main points that all of the theorists in quality management preached, and this system forces that upon a firm. The advantages of JIT are abundant and if implemented correctly it can only do great things.