The document discusses an intelligent parking assist system (IPAS) that uses cameras, sensors, and computer processors to help drivers steer into parking spaces with little input. It describes how early versions had difficulty detecting objects but were improved over time. The IPAS helps with parallel parking and reverse parking by visualizing the parking path and maneuver on a dashboard display screen for the driver to follow.

1. SARATH PRAKASH.V
MECHANICAL
GPTC KALAMASSERY

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Development
 Components
 Functions
 Summary

3. What is an intelligent parking
assist system?
 An Intelligent parking assist system(IPAS) or
Advanced parking guidance system(APGS) is the
technology assists drivers in parking their vehicle.
 On vehicle equipped with the intelligent parking
assist system(IPAS), via an in-dash screen and
button controls, the car can steer itself into a
parking space with little input from the user.

4. Development
 The initial version of the intelligent parking assist system,
launched in 2003, was designed for reverse parallel parking.
Driver intervention was not required, as the system estimated
the size of the parking space and maneuvered the vehicle
appropriately.
 This was done by an onboard computer which used a
camera built into the forward and rear of the car. Sensors
located at the similar locations detected the proximity of
nearby vehicles. The dashboard displayed an image of the
lot, and the driver would then have to determine the exact
position that the vehicle in the lot via the arrows which
appeared on the screen on the IPAS. When satisfied, the
user pressed the "Set" button, which then activated the IPAS.
 Early versions of this system had difficulty detecting objects,
including cats, baby prams and pedestrians.

5. DEVELOPMENT
Development
 Secondly when the driver activated the system in a too small
a space, the system constantly flashed warning signals
to inform the user of the danger of hitting the vehicle.
 In 2005, an upgraded version added recognition
capability for parking stripes. A later version of this
parking technology, launched in 2006, added integration
with parking sensors. This latest version could calculate
the steering maneuvers needed for parallel or reverse
parking, and help determine that the car has enough
clearance for a particular space with colored screen
displays which indicated adequate or inadequate space.

6. Components
IPAS
• Target position localization
• Path generator and tracker
• Active braking system
• Active steering system
• HMI(human machine
interface)

7. Target position localization
 The target position and localization are done by using
camera installed on the rear end of the vehicle as
shown in fig.

8. Path generator and tracker
 After the localization of target position, parking controller
generates parking path for semi-automatic guidance.
Planned path of garage parking situation basically
consists of two lines: line extending current vehicle’s
rear direction, line extending the central line of target
position. A circular segment whose radius is the smallest
rotating radius of installed steering system connects the
transition part of two lines as depicted by Figure

9. Active steering system
 The IPAS/APGS use computer processors which
are tied to the vehicle's feature, backup camera
and two additional forward sensors on the front
side fenders. The active sensor includes multiple
sensors on the forward and rear bumpers which
detect obstacles, allowing the vehicle to sound
warnings and calculate optimum steering angles
during regular parking
 When the parking sensors feature is used, the
processor(s) calculate steering angle data which
are displayed on the navigation/camera touch
screen along with obstacle information.

10. Functions
The parking functions are classified into two;
 Parallel parking
 Reverse parking

11. Parallel parking
 When parallel parking with the system, drivers first pull
up alongside the parking space. They move forward
until the vehicle's rear bumper passes the rear wheel of
the car parked in front of the open space. Then, shifting
to reverse automatically activates the backup camera
system, and the car's rear view appears on dash
navigation/camera display. The driver's selection of the
parallel park guidance button on the navigation/camera
touch screen causes a grid to appear

12. Example for parallel parking

13. Reverse parking
 The reverse parking procedure is virtually identical
to the parallel parking procedure. The driver
approaches the parking space, moving forward
and turning, positioning the car in place for
backing into the reverse parking spot. The vehicle
rear has to be facing the reverse parking spot,
allowing the backup camera to 'see' the parking
area. Shifting to reverse automatically activates
the backup camera system, and the driver selects
the reverse park guidance button

14. Example for reverse parking

15. Summary
An Intelligent parking assist system(IPAS) or Advanced parking
guidance system(APGS) is the technology assists drivers in parking
their vehicle.
On vehicle equipped with the intelligent parking assist system(IPAS),
via an in-dash screen and button controls, the car can steer itself into a
parking space with little input from the user.
The Intelligent Parking Assist System has several outstanding
characteristics, such as intelligent prompts for parking dynamic track,
reading the data of original parking, giving reference to the car exact
position itself, Static Track displayed for final destination as always.
But also display dynamic track provided by radar or camera to follow
up continuously. As you are parking your car, the two dynamic tracks
are displayed in the screen of DVD navigation, which can follow up the
steering wheel action , and exactly describing the parking exact status .