This document discusses productivity, including definitions, measurement, factors influencing productivity, and types of productivity. Productivity is defined as the ratio of output to input and can be measured in various ways depending on the industry. Productivity is influenced by both controllable internal factors and uncontrollable external factors. Productivity can be considered partially based on individual inputs like labor hours, or totally considering all inputs. Improving productivity provides benefits like increased profits and market share.

2. Introduction
• Productivity is the output of any production process, per unit of
input.
• To increase productivity means to produce more with less.
• Output per unit of input employed.
• Increase productivity on the part of capital and labour.

3. Measurement of Productivity
• Productivity can be measured, the amount of output.
• In a factory, it might be measured based on the number of
hours it takes to produce a good.
• While in service industry, might be measured based on
the income generated by an employee divided by his / her
salary.

4. Definition and Equation
• Productivity is the ratio of output and input in any
organizations.

5. Factors Influencing Productivity
• Factors influencing productivity can be classified broadly into two
categories:
(A) Controllable ( or internal ) Factors.
(B) Un-controllable ( or external ) factors
Factors Affecting Productivity
Controllable Factors Uncontrollable Factors
1.Product Factors
2.Plant and Equipment
Technology
3.Material and Energy
4.Human Factors
Work method
5.Management Style.
1. Structural Adjustment
2. Natural Resources
3. Govt. and
Infrastructure.

6. Types of Productivity
Productivity
Partial Total

7. Partial Productivity
• The resources of productivity when measured
separately are called Partial Productivity.
Output in
a given
period
Labor
hours used
in period
Partial
Productivity

8. Total Productivity
The method of calculating productivity considering
all the resources is called Total Productivity.
• Total productivity provides systematic framework
and structure to an organization and increase
profitability.
Total
Productivity
Total
Output
Total Input

9. Productivity Benefits
• Increased in income / profitability.
• Lowering running cost / operational cost.
• Maximizing the use of all of the company's resources such as
land, equipment/ machineries, factory, workers, and etc.
• Gaining a greater share of the market.
• More cash flows mean more opportunity for the company to
expand and grows.

10. Productivity Improvement
Techniques

11. How to Building Productivity

12. Competitiveness of Bangladesh Knitwear

13. Benchmarks en route to Becoming the
worlds second largest garments
exporter

14. Productivity Trends and TFP By Sector

15. Few Ways to Improve in Garment Production
• Conducting motion study and correcting faulty
• Hourly operator check
• Use best possible line layout
• Scientific work station layout
• Reduce line setting time
• Improve line balancing
• Training for Line supervisors
• Training to sewing operators
• Installing better equipment
• Operator motivation