Analysing Work
and
Designing Jobs
Job Description and Job Specification in
Job Analysis
Job Description
A statement containing items
such as
• Job title
• Location
• Job summary
• Duties
• Machines, tools, and
equipment
• Materials and forms used
• Supervision given or received
• Working conditions
• hazards
Job specification
A statement of human qualifications
necessary to do the job. Usually
contains such items as
• Education
• Experience
• Training
• Judgement
• Initiative
• Physical efforts
• Physical skills
• Responsibilities
• Communication skills
• Emotional characteristics
• Unusual sensory demands such as
sight, smell, hearing
Job Analysis
A process of obtaining all pertinent job facts
Job Analysis offers Competitive
Advantage to a Firm
• is a foundation for HRP
• foundation for employee hiring
• foundation for t & d
• foundation for performance appraisal
• foundation for wage and relay fixation
• foundation for safety and health
Process of Job Analysis
Gather Information
Process Information
Job Description
Job Specification
Strategic Choices
Uses of Job Description and Job
Specification
• Personnel Planning
• Performance Appraisal
• Hiring
• Training and Development
• Job Evaluation and Compensation
• Health and Safety
• Employee Discipline
• Work Scheduling
• Career Planning
Process of Job Analysis
• Strategic choices
– employee involvement
– levels of details
– timing and frequency of analysis
– past or future
– sources of data
• Information gathering
• Information processing
• Job description
• Resulting in various outcomes
Methods of Collecting Job Data
Observation Questionnaire
Checklists Diary
Interviews
Job Data
Technical
Conference
Job Enlargement
Tasks
Drill holes
Assemble Parts
Test
Tasks
Drill holes
Assemble Parts
Test
Tasks
Drill holes
Assemble Parts
Test
Employee 1 Employee 2 Employee 3
Uses of Jobs Analysis
Job Analysis
Job
Description
Job
Specification
Job Evaluation
Remuneration
Training and Development
Recruitment and Selection
HRP
Performance Appraisal
Personnel Information
Safety and Healthy
Job Rotation
Tasks
Drill holes
Tasks
Assemble
Parts
Tasks
Test
Component
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3
Nature of Job Design
• Job design is the conscious efforts to
organize tasks, duties and responsibilities
into one unit of work. It involves
– identification of individual tasks
– specification of methods of performing the
tasks
– combination of tasks into specific jobs to be
assigned to individuals
Job Design Factors
Organisational
Factors
Environmental
Factors
Behavioural Factors
Job Design
Productive and
Satisfying Job
Feedback
Comparison of Five Design Approaches
MediumLow High
LowMediumHigh
Impact
Complexity
Job Rotation
Job Engineering
Job Enlargement
Job Enrichment
Socio-technical Systems
Contemporary Issues
• Telecommuting
• Alternative work patterns
• Technostress
• Task revision
• Skill Development
Reality Check
• Why do people like jobs but hate work?
Reality Check
• Amazon.com is one company that has
de-jobbing practice. Here a worker is
switching from a job to job three months’
intervals. The .com puts more emphasis
on broader worker specification than on
detailed job description. Do you find any
other organisation (s) practising de-
jobbing?
Reality Check
List the expectation of each of the following
jobs:
• A programmer
• Receptionist
• Executive assistance
• Sales Rep

Job analysis - Unitedworld School of Business

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Job Description andJob Specification in Job Analysis Job Description A statement containing items such as • Job title • Location • Job summary • Duties • Machines, tools, and equipment • Materials and forms used • Supervision given or received • Working conditions • hazards Job specification A statement of human qualifications necessary to do the job. Usually contains such items as • Education • Experience • Training • Judgement • Initiative • Physical efforts • Physical skills • Responsibilities • Communication skills • Emotional characteristics • Unusual sensory demands such as sight, smell, hearing Job Analysis A process of obtaining all pertinent job facts
  • 3.
    Job Analysis offersCompetitive Advantage to a Firm • is a foundation for HRP • foundation for employee hiring • foundation for t & d • foundation for performance appraisal • foundation for wage and relay fixation • foundation for safety and health
  • 4.
    Process of JobAnalysis Gather Information Process Information Job Description Job Specification Strategic Choices Uses of Job Description and Job Specification • Personnel Planning • Performance Appraisal • Hiring • Training and Development • Job Evaluation and Compensation • Health and Safety • Employee Discipline • Work Scheduling • Career Planning
  • 5.
    Process of JobAnalysis • Strategic choices – employee involvement – levels of details – timing and frequency of analysis – past or future – sources of data • Information gathering • Information processing • Job description • Resulting in various outcomes
  • 6.
    Methods of CollectingJob Data Observation Questionnaire Checklists Diary Interviews Job Data Technical Conference
  • 7.
    Job Enlargement Tasks Drill holes AssembleParts Test Tasks Drill holes Assemble Parts Test Tasks Drill holes Assemble Parts Test Employee 1 Employee 2 Employee 3
  • 8.
    Uses of JobsAnalysis Job Analysis Job Description Job Specification Job Evaluation Remuneration Training and Development Recruitment and Selection HRP Performance Appraisal Personnel Information Safety and Healthy
  • 9.
  • 10.
    Nature of JobDesign • Job design is the conscious efforts to organize tasks, duties and responsibilities into one unit of work. It involves – identification of individual tasks – specification of methods of performing the tasks – combination of tasks into specific jobs to be assigned to individuals
  • 11.
    Job Design Factors Organisational Factors Environmental Factors BehaviouralFactors Job Design Productive and Satisfying Job Feedback
  • 12.
    Comparison of FiveDesign Approaches MediumLow High LowMediumHigh Impact Complexity Job Rotation Job Engineering Job Enlargement Job Enrichment Socio-technical Systems
  • 13.
    Contemporary Issues • Telecommuting •Alternative work patterns • Technostress • Task revision • Skill Development
  • 14.
    Reality Check • Whydo people like jobs but hate work?
  • 15.
    Reality Check • Amazon.comis one company that has de-jobbing practice. Here a worker is switching from a job to job three months’ intervals. The .com puts more emphasis on broader worker specification than on detailed job description. Do you find any other organisation (s) practising de- jobbing?
  • 16.
    Reality Check List theexpectation of each of the following jobs: • A programmer • Receptionist • Executive assistance • Sales Rep

Editor's Notes

  • #2 Human Resource Management, 5E Human Resource Management, 5E