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The document discusses concepts related to job design, work measurement, and labor standards. It outlines eight steps for conducting a time study to measure tasks and set labor standards. It also describes using work sampling to observe workers at random times over a long period to set labor standards based on the percentage of time spent on different tasks.
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- A definition of method study as systematically examining work methods to develop more effective approaches and reduce costs.
- An explanation of the method study process, which involves selecting jobs for study, observing current performance, developing alternative methods, and implementing improvements.
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The document discusses work measurement and standards. It describes the Taylor and predetermined time study schools of work measurement. Taylor's scientific management approach broke jobs down into small, repetitive tasks. Predetermined time studies divide jobs into basic motions that have been assigned standard times. The document also discusses direct time studies, work sampling, and setting performance ratings and time standards.
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The document discusses concepts related to work study, job design, and work measurement. It provides definitions and overviews of work study techniques like method study and time study. It discusses the evolution of work study from Taylor's time and motion study to Gilbreth's motion study. Key aspects of job design like job rotation, enlargement, and enrichment are covered. The document also outlines techniques for work measurement including time study, work sampling, and predetermined motion time study.
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Job Design and Work Measurement
- Job design is the process of specifying work activities for individuals or groups in an organization to meet its requirements while satisfying employee needs. It involves decisions about tasks, skills, technology, and work methods.
- Trends in job design include multi-skilled and cross-trained workers, employee involvement in design, and use of technology to inform ordinary workers. Temporary workers and automation of manual work are also increasing.
- Work measurement techniques like time study and work sampling are used to set performance standards, motivate workers, and evaluate performance. Different compensation systems include hourly pay, salary, piece rates, and commissions.
Work Measurement and Operational Effectiveness
Work measurement is a systematic process that has been used since the late 1800s to improve productivity. It involves directly observing work tasks and breaking them into elements to determine standard times. These standards provide benchmarks for tasks and help identify areas for improvement. Work measurement provides data to help with staffing needs, process design, cost analysis, and measuring performance against goals. The success of work measurement relies on accurately capturing all task times, applying appropriate allowances, and using the standards to drive continuous improvement.
Chapter-7 Job Design and Work Measurement Final.pptx
1. The document discusses job design, work measurement, and time studies. It defines job design as determining the contents and structure of a job and discusses key decisions involved.
2. Work measurement is defined as analyzing jobs to set time standards and involves methods like stopwatch time studies, predetermined time standards, and work sampling. Important terms in work measurement like observed time, normal time, and standard time are explained.
3. The document provides an example of performing a time study, including setting up an observation sheet and calculating normal time and standard time based on observed performance times. Formulas for determining the needed number of observations in a time study are also presented.
sNote and presentation Human Resource Planning and Staffing
Human resource planning involves determining staffing needs and fulfilling them to achieve organizational goals. The key steps are setting goals, forecasting needs, auditing current staff, analyzing jobs, and developing an HR plan. Job analysis gathers detailed information on tasks, qualifications, and working conditions for each position. This information is used to create job descriptions defining responsibilities and specifications outlining required skills and traits. Together, analysis, descriptions and specifications facilitate recruitment, performance management, and other HR functions.
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The document discusses methods for designing work systems, including work study, method study, motion study, and work measurement. It describes the objectives and steps involved in techniques like time study, work sampling, and predetermined motion time systems. The goal is to analyze existing work methods, standardize processes, eliminate inefficiencies, and improve productivity through establishing optimal work designs and setting time standards.
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This document discusses various topics relating to work system design including job design, specialization, behavioral approaches to job design like job enlargement and enrichment, teams, methods analysis, motion study, working conditions, work measurement techniques like time study and work sampling, and compensation systems. The key learning objectives covered include explaining the importance of work design, describing basic approaches to job design like specialization, explaining methods analysis and motion study, and contrasting time-based and output-based compensation systems.
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This document discusses job analysis, which involves analyzing jobs to develop job descriptions and specifications. It defines job descriptions as statements containing details of job duties, equipment used, supervision, and working conditions. Job specifications define the necessary human qualifications, such as education, experience, skills, and traits. The document outlines the process of job analysis and methods for collecting job data. It explains that job analysis provides competitive advantages and is used for personnel planning, performance appraisal, hiring, training, job evaluation, health and safety, and other functions.
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Work study techniques like method study and work measurement can be used to improve productivity by reducing excess work content and ineffective time. The key steps involve observing current work processes, analyzing for unnecessary tasks or motions, developing more efficient methods, and setting standard times to measure productivity. Implementing work study can lead to greater output, better quality, and higher productivity through systematic analysis and improvement of work methods.P roduction ppt
Work study and work measurement are techniques used to analyze jobs and improve efficiency. Work study involves systematically examining work processes to identify opportunities for more efficient procedures. This includes analyzing factors that impact efficiency and seeking improvements. Work measurement determines the time required to complete tasks by measuring tasks being performed and setting standard times. The goals are to establish efficient work flows, reduce costs, improve productivity and working conditions, and deliver benefits for employees and customers.
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A good job analysis lays the foundation of a good staffing process. Making a sound Job description, a sound Job Specification are a key fundamentals.
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This document discusses job design. It defines job design as organizing activities to create optimal performance. The key elements of job design are task analysis, worker analysis, and environmental analysis. The five core job characteristics are skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and job feedback. Approaches to job design include scientific management, behavioral approaches like job enlargement and enrichment, and social technical systems. Tools for job design include process flowcharts, motion study, and work measurement techniques. Current trends incorporate flexitime, compressed workweeks, job sharing, and telecommuting. Effective job design can improve efficiency, employee satisfaction, and business profitability.
Work study
Work study involves analyzing work methods to improve productivity and efficiency. It uses techniques like method study and work measurement. Method study involves observing current work processes, documenting them, and critically analyzing them to develop more effective methods. Work measurement quantitatively measures work to establish standard times. The goal of work study is to maximize the effective use of resources and minimize costs. It provides benefits like increased productivity, reduced costs, improved workflows and working conditions. The basic work study procedure involves selecting a job for analysis, recording the current process, critically examining it, developing improved methods, defining the new standard, implementing it, and maintaining the changes.
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This document discusses job analysis, which is a systematic process of collecting and evaluating information about jobs. It identifies the key purposes of job analysis as staffing, training, compensation, health and safety, and legal compliance. The main components of a job that are analyzed include tasks, duties, responsibilities, skills and qualifications required. Job analysis provides important information for activities like recruitment, performance management and organizational planning.
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Work study is a technique used to analyze work methods and measure work content. It comprises two main techniques: method study and work measurement. Method study involves analyzing current work methods and developing more efficient methods, while work measurement establishes standard time durations for tasks. Work sampling is a related statistical technique that involves making random observations over time to determine the percentage of time spent on various work activities. It provides less detailed information than other techniques but can study multiple workers simultaneously and requires less time and cost than continuous observation. Control charts can be used with work sampling studies to identify abnormal conditions indicated by data points outside the control limits.
Measurment techniques
The document discusses various work measurement techniques used to analyze jobs and set performance standards, including time study, work sampling, predetermined motion time systems (PMTS), and methods-time measurement (MTM). It provides details on how each technique is conducted and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The overall goal of work measurement is to improve work methods, set realistic productivity standards, and reduce costs.
Job analysis, job design, job specification
Job analysis is the process used to identify the tasks, duties, responsibilities, required skills, and working conditions of a job. It involves analyzing each job separately, rather than the person in the job. The results of a job analysis are used for training, performance reviews, compensation, and selection procedures. Common methods for conducting job analysis include interviews, questionnaires, observation, and reviewing work diaries.
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The document discusses various aspects of job design and work systems, including:
1. Job design involves specifying the content, tasks, responsibilities, and methods associated with a job.
2. Ergonomics and behavioral approaches aim to incorporate human factors and motivate workers through variety, autonomy, and feedback.
3. Traditional efficiency approaches focus on specialization and standardization of tasks from a productivity standpoint.
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Job Analysis
This document discusses job analysis and job design. It contains the names and registration numbers of group members for an HRM course. The contents section lists topics to be covered related to job analysis, such as definitions, methods, uses and advantages/disadvantages. It also discusses job analysis steps and components. Job design topics include approaches, processes and methods. The document provides definitions and discussions of key concepts.
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Work measurement and productivity are important concepts for evaluating labor performance and improving efficiency. Key aspects include:
1) Establishing work standards through techniques like time studies and work sampling to measure average worker performance.
2) Comparing individual, department, and plant performance to standards to evaluate efficiency and compensation.
3) Using work standards to estimate costs, schedule operations, and plan workforce needs.
4) Improving productivity over time through factors like capital investment, management practices, worker skills and education.
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