This document proposes a novel three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter for grid-tied photovoltaic applications. The proposed inverter can effectively balance the operation of two independent DC sources by solving unbalanced conditions caused by unequal irradiation and temperatures. Compared to traditional two-stage inverters, the proposed NPC inverter reduces voltage requirements, lowers DC-link capacitor ratings, and improves efficiency. It also introduces a new NPC inverter topology called N-3L-SNPC that uses hybrid IGBT-MOSFET modules along with a novel PWM strategy for complete inactive body diode control, lower switching losses, higher switching frequency, and reduced output filtering needs.
Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation on Radial Distribution System for...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Level Wi...Pradeep Avanigadda
Renewable energy resources (RES) are being increasingly
connected in distribution systems utilizing power electronic
converters. This paper presents a novel control strategy for
achieving maximum benefits from these grid-interfacing inverters
when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. The inverter
is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating
active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be
utilized as: 1) power converter to inject power generated from
RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance,
load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and
load neutral current. All of these functions may be accomplished
either individually or simultaneously. With such a control, the
combination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire
linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling
appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control
concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation
studies and validated through digital signal processor-based
laboratory experimental results.
Index Terms—Active power filter
Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation on Radial Distribution System for...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at the Distribution Level Wi...Pradeep Avanigadda
Renewable energy resources (RES) are being increasingly
connected in distribution systems utilizing power electronic
converters. This paper presents a novel control strategy for
achieving maximum benefits from these grid-interfacing inverters
when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. The inverter
is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating
active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be
utilized as: 1) power converter to inject power generated from
RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance,
load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and
load neutral current. All of these functions may be accomplished
either individually or simultaneously. With such a control, the
combination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire
linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling
appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control
concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation
studies and validated through digital signal processor-based
laboratory experimental results.
Index Terms—Active power filter
This paper presents a novel shunt active power filter (SAPF). The power converter that is used in this SAPF is constructed from a four-leg asymmetric multi-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter that is fed from a photovoltaic source. A three-dimensional space vector modulation (3D-SVPWM) technique is adopted in this work. The multi-level inverter can generate 27-level output with harmonic content is almost zero. In addition to the capability to inject reactive power and mitigating the harmonics, the proposed SAPF has also, the ability to inject real power as it is fed from a PV source. Moreover, it has a fault-tolerant capability that makes the SAPF maintaining its operation under a loss of one leg of the multi-level inverter due to an open-circuit fault without any degradation in the performance. The proposed SAPF is designed and simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK using a single nonlinear load and the results have shown a significant reduction in total harmonics distortion (THD) of the source current under the normal operating condition and post a failure in one phase of the SAPF. Also, similar results are obtained when IEEE 15 bus network is used.
Optimal Siting And Sizing Of Distributed Generation For Radial Distribution S...inventy
Research Inventy provides an outlet for research findings and reviews in areas of Engineering, Computer Science found to be relevant for national and international development, Research Inventy is an open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide research and applications related to Engineering. In its publications, to stimulate new research ideas and foster practical application from the research findings. The journal publishes original research of such high quality as to attract contributions from the relevant local and international communities.
Power Quality Improvement with Multilevel Inverter Based IPQC for MicrogridIJMTST Journal
A micro grid is a hybrid power system consists of several distributed resources and local loads .Now a
days with increasing on a day to day life micro grid plays a vital role in power generation using Renewable
Energy Sources. Usage of power electronic devices in a micro grid results in harmonic generation and leads to
various power quality issues. Inorder to overcome voltage fluctuations and over current a magnetic flux
control based variable reactor is proposed. The performance of IPQC can be verified by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK`
Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected PV SystemYogeshIJTSRD
In today’s scenario, renewable energy based applications are increasing due to the global warming issue and increase in the prices of fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources RES like sun, biomass, air, water etc. are environmental friendly and have plenty of potential that can be utilized in power generation. However, RES have a problem of intermittent in nature that can be conquered presently by combining RES known as hybrid system that can provide the reliable, economic and environment friendly electricity. The increased penetration of grid connected renewable energy sources has an impact on the grid power quality in particular weak grids. Voltage fluctuation, frequency fluctuation and harmonics are major power quality issues. Muhammad Shahid | MD Ejaz Ali "Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43761.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43761/modeling-and-simulation-of-grid-connected-pv-system/muhammad-shahid
The most important components of the distributed generation frameworks is the GTIs which is an interface amidst the utility and the source of energy. The recent years have seen an increased interest in the design and usage of GTIs due to its smaller weight and size, low cost and higher efficiency. But the problem of leakage currents in the transformerless inverter that is dependant on its topology and control scheme needs to be looked into carefully. Also, the high performance of the GTI requires a stringent control and various control systems are being developed and applied to the GTIs. This paper reviews the various topologies that are classified based on the attributes of the leakage current and the method of decoupling. Further it reviews and compares the different control techniques applied to the GTIs with respect to the frame of reference, controller, modulation technique and the control parameters considered.
Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Enhancement Techniques Using Cus...ijtsrd
Traditional power production has become challenging for utilities due to the depletion of fossil fuels, coal, and oil. This must be done in a less expensive and more efficient manner. To meet the consumers power needs, a new source is needed. The alternative source should be sustainable and capable of fulfilling the needs of the customer. The incorporation of renewable energy into the grid is a helpful method of meeting demand. The integration of renewable energy has three main challenges frequency fluctuation, power quality issues, and power system instability. The following issues were critical in nature. An expert system based on an analytic hierarchy method is used to detect and classify power quality issues. Previously, it could detect sag, swell, transients, harmonics, interruptions, and flickers. A method for categorizing events that is error free has been proposed. The streamlined process provides for more accurate identification and classification of power quality issues. an examination of power quality issues and their mitigation via the use of unified power quality conditioners UPQC To reduce different power quality problems, an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System ANFIS is employed. Using renewable energy sources effectively reduces environmental impact. The proposed technique corrects voltage imbalances and reduces overall harmonic distortion at the point of common connection PCC . The installation of an ANFIS controlled DVR is utilized to minimize voltage fluctuations induced by the integration of renewable energy sources and transmission line failures. With the aim of using renewable energy, a fake fault was introduced to power quality events. The ANFIS controlled DVR plan is in place to mitigate the negative impacts of power quality events. ANFIS controlled DVR is compared to a conventional surveillance method. Nonlinear loads generate voltage flickers and total harmonic distortion, therefore a distributed static compensator D STATCOM is employed to avoid these. It is recommended that D STATCOM use three control methods instantaneous power theory, synchronous vector PI control, and harmonic elimination. The D efficacy of STATCOMs is tested under severe load conditions. Various control methods will be used to evaluate and debate the proposed expert system and customized power devices. Rahul Gokhle | Pramod Kumar Rathore "Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Enhancement Techniques Using Custom Power Devices" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46380.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/46380/analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-enhancement-techniques-using-custom-power-devices/rahul-gokhle
The wi-fi energy transfer (WPT) is an emerging era with increasingly more ability packages to transfer energy from a transmitter to a cellular receiver over a noticeably huge air gap. but, its extensive utility is hampered due to the relatively low performance of modern wireless power switch (WPT) structures. This study gives an idea to maximize the performance in addition to to increase the quantity of extractable electricity of a WPT system operating in resonant operation. The proposed method is primarily based on actively modifying the equal secondary-side load impedance by controlling the section-shift of the active rectifier and its output voltage degree. The offered hardware prototype represents an entire wireless charging machine, consisting of a dc–dc converter that is used to price a battery at the output of the system. Experimental results are shown for the proposed concept in comparison to a traditional synchronous rectification approach. The supplied optimization technique sincerely outperforms trendy solutions in phrases of efficiency and extractable power.
The electrical distribution network is undergoing tremendous modifications with the introduction of distributed generation technologies which have led to an increase in fault current levels in the distribution network. Fault current limiters have been developed as a promising technology to limit fault current levels in power systems. Though, quite a number of fault current limiters have been developed; the most common are the superconducting fault current limiters, solid-state fault current limiters, and saturated core fault current limiters. These fault current limiters present potential fault current limiting solutions in power systems. Nevertheless, they encounter various challenges hindering their deployment and commercialization. This research aimed at designing a bridge-type nonsuperconducting fault current limiter with a novel topology for distribution network applications. The proposed bridge-type nonsuperconducting fault current limiter was designed and simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC. Simulation results showed the effectiveness of the proposed design in fault current limiting, voltage sag compensation during fault conditions, and its ability not to affect the load voltage and current during normal conditions as well as in suppressing the source powers during fault conditions. Simulation results also showed very minimal power loss by the fault current limiter during normal conditions.
A NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING ANN TECHNIQUE FO...IJERD Editor
The proposed system presents power-control strategies of a Micro grid-connected hybrid generation
system with versatile power transfer. This hybrid system allows maximum utilization of freely available
renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic energies. For this, an adaptive MPPT algorithm along with
standard perturbs and observes method will be used for the system.
The inverter converts the DC output from non-conventional energy into useful AC power for the
connected load. This hybrid system operates under normal conditions which include normal room temperature
in the case of solar energy and normal wind speed at plain area in the case of wind energy. However, designing
an optimal micro grid is not an easy task, due to the fact that primary energy carriers are changeable and
uncontrollable, as is the demand. Traditional design and optimization tools, developed for controlled power
sources, cannot be employed here. Simulation methods seem to be the best solution.
The dynamic model of the proposed system is first elaborated in the stationary reference frame and
then transformed into the synchronous orthogonal reference frame. The transformed variables are used in
control of the voltage source converter as the heart of the interfacing system between DG resources and utility
grid. By setting an appropriate compensation current references from the sensed load currents in control circuit
loop of DG, the active, reactive, and harmonic load current components will be compensated with fast dynamic
response, thereby achieving sinusoidal grid currents in phase with load voltages, while required power of the
load is more than the maximum injected power of the DG to the grid. In addition, the proposed control method
of this paper does not need a phase-locked loop in control circuit and has fast dynamic response in providing
active and reactive power components of the grid-connected loads.
Techno Economic Analysis of HVDC Links for Inter State InterconnectionYogeshIJTSRD
The design of an interregional high voltage transmission system in the US is a revolutionary technological concept that will likely play a significant role in the planning and operation of future electric power systems. This paper presents techno economics analysis of HVDC link for interstate inter connected system. there are two type transmission system used for large power supply to long distance transmission 1 HVDC high voltage dc transmission system 2 HVAC high voltage ac transmission system in which HVDC is preferable due less power loss in transmissions but it need high installing charge at the starting moment. It need two type of installation block 1 rectifier block at the sending end 2 inverter block at receiving end these both block deal with high reactive VAR. In this paper we are going to analyze technology of HVDC installation, there control, how HVDC link deal with reactive VAR reactive power compensation , how its economical if it need high installing charge .In this paper we are using 2500 MVA, 230 volt, 60 grid after rectifying power transmitted to 100 km by 100 km cable then it invert at receiving end for distribution. Here we are calculating reactive power demand for both inverter and converter both, we comparing HVDC transmutation system with HVAC transmission system economically we also coverings the environmental advantages for HVDC system. My focus in this paper is, how to minimize installing charge of HVDC link, how to increase power carrying capacity of HVDC system and how to make it environment friendly. Muhammad Shahid | MD Asif "Techno-Economic Analysis of HVDC Links for Inter-State Interconnection" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43760.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43760/technoeconomic-analysis-of-hvdc-links-for-interstate-interconnection/muhammad-shahid
Grid Connected Distributed Generation System with High Voltage Gain Cascaded ...IJECEIAES
The paper presents distributed generation (DG) system in grid connected mode of operation with asymmetric multi-level inverter (AMLI) topology. Cascaded type DC-DC converter is employed to feed proposed AMLI topology. The DG output voltage (generally low voltage) is stepped up to the required level of voltage using high-gain DC-DC converter. Proposed AMLI topology consists of capacitors at the primary side. The output of high-gain DC-DC converter is fed to split voltage balance single-input multi-output (SIMO) circuit to maintain voltage balance across capacitors of AMLI topology. Cascaded DC-DC converters (both high-gain converter and SIMO circuit) are operated in closed-loop mode. The proposed AMLI feeds active power to grid converting DC type of power generated from DG to AC type to feed the grid. PWM pattern to trigger power switches of AMLI is also presented. The inverting circuit of MLI topology is controlled using simplified I d -I q control strategy in this paper. With the proposed control theory, the active power fed to grid from DG is controlled and power factor is maintained at unity. The proposed system of DG integration to grid through cascaded DC-DC converters and AMLI structure is validated from fixed active power to grid from DG condition. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This paper presents a novel shunt active power filter (SAPF). The power converter that is used in this SAPF is constructed from a four-leg asymmetric multi-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter that is fed from a photovoltaic source. A three-dimensional space vector modulation (3D-SVPWM) technique is adopted in this work. The multi-level inverter can generate 27-level output with harmonic content is almost zero. In addition to the capability to inject reactive power and mitigating the harmonics, the proposed SAPF has also, the ability to inject real power as it is fed from a PV source. Moreover, it has a fault-tolerant capability that makes the SAPF maintaining its operation under a loss of one leg of the multi-level inverter due to an open-circuit fault without any degradation in the performance. The proposed SAPF is designed and simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK using a single nonlinear load and the results have shown a significant reduction in total harmonics distortion (THD) of the source current under the normal operating condition and post a failure in one phase of the SAPF. Also, similar results are obtained when IEEE 15 bus network is used.
Optimal Siting And Sizing Of Distributed Generation For Radial Distribution S...inventy
Research Inventy provides an outlet for research findings and reviews in areas of Engineering, Computer Science found to be relevant for national and international development, Research Inventy is an open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide research and applications related to Engineering. In its publications, to stimulate new research ideas and foster practical application from the research findings. The journal publishes original research of such high quality as to attract contributions from the relevant local and international communities.
Power Quality Improvement with Multilevel Inverter Based IPQC for MicrogridIJMTST Journal
A micro grid is a hybrid power system consists of several distributed resources and local loads .Now a
days with increasing on a day to day life micro grid plays a vital role in power generation using Renewable
Energy Sources. Usage of power electronic devices in a micro grid results in harmonic generation and leads to
various power quality issues. Inorder to overcome voltage fluctuations and over current a magnetic flux
control based variable reactor is proposed. The performance of IPQC can be verified by using
MATLAB/SIMULINK`
Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected PV SystemYogeshIJTSRD
In today’s scenario, renewable energy based applications are increasing due to the global warming issue and increase in the prices of fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources RES like sun, biomass, air, water etc. are environmental friendly and have plenty of potential that can be utilized in power generation. However, RES have a problem of intermittent in nature that can be conquered presently by combining RES known as hybrid system that can provide the reliable, economic and environment friendly electricity. The increased penetration of grid connected renewable energy sources has an impact on the grid power quality in particular weak grids. Voltage fluctuation, frequency fluctuation and harmonics are major power quality issues. Muhammad Shahid | MD Ejaz Ali "Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43761.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43761/modeling-and-simulation-of-grid-connected-pv-system/muhammad-shahid
The most important components of the distributed generation frameworks is the GTIs which is an interface amidst the utility and the source of energy. The recent years have seen an increased interest in the design and usage of GTIs due to its smaller weight and size, low cost and higher efficiency. But the problem of leakage currents in the transformerless inverter that is dependant on its topology and control scheme needs to be looked into carefully. Also, the high performance of the GTI requires a stringent control and various control systems are being developed and applied to the GTIs. This paper reviews the various topologies that are classified based on the attributes of the leakage current and the method of decoupling. Further it reviews and compares the different control techniques applied to the GTIs with respect to the frame of reference, controller, modulation technique and the control parameters considered.
Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Enhancement Techniques Using Cus...ijtsrd
Traditional power production has become challenging for utilities due to the depletion of fossil fuels, coal, and oil. This must be done in a less expensive and more efficient manner. To meet the consumers power needs, a new source is needed. The alternative source should be sustainable and capable of fulfilling the needs of the customer. The incorporation of renewable energy into the grid is a helpful method of meeting demand. The integration of renewable energy has three main challenges frequency fluctuation, power quality issues, and power system instability. The following issues were critical in nature. An expert system based on an analytic hierarchy method is used to detect and classify power quality issues. Previously, it could detect sag, swell, transients, harmonics, interruptions, and flickers. A method for categorizing events that is error free has been proposed. The streamlined process provides for more accurate identification and classification of power quality issues. an examination of power quality issues and their mitigation via the use of unified power quality conditioners UPQC To reduce different power quality problems, an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System ANFIS is employed. Using renewable energy sources effectively reduces environmental impact. The proposed technique corrects voltage imbalances and reduces overall harmonic distortion at the point of common connection PCC . The installation of an ANFIS controlled DVR is utilized to minimize voltage fluctuations induced by the integration of renewable energy sources and transmission line failures. With the aim of using renewable energy, a fake fault was introduced to power quality events. The ANFIS controlled DVR plan is in place to mitigate the negative impacts of power quality events. ANFIS controlled DVR is compared to a conventional surveillance method. Nonlinear loads generate voltage flickers and total harmonic distortion, therefore a distributed static compensator D STATCOM is employed to avoid these. It is recommended that D STATCOM use three control methods instantaneous power theory, synchronous vector PI control, and harmonic elimination. The D efficacy of STATCOMs is tested under severe load conditions. Various control methods will be used to evaluate and debate the proposed expert system and customized power devices. Rahul Gokhle | Pramod Kumar Rathore "Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Enhancement Techniques Using Custom Power Devices" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46380.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/46380/analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-enhancement-techniques-using-custom-power-devices/rahul-gokhle
The wi-fi energy transfer (WPT) is an emerging era with increasingly more ability packages to transfer energy from a transmitter to a cellular receiver over a noticeably huge air gap. but, its extensive utility is hampered due to the relatively low performance of modern wireless power switch (WPT) structures. This study gives an idea to maximize the performance in addition to to increase the quantity of extractable electricity of a WPT system operating in resonant operation. The proposed method is primarily based on actively modifying the equal secondary-side load impedance by controlling the section-shift of the active rectifier and its output voltage degree. The offered hardware prototype represents an entire wireless charging machine, consisting of a dc–dc converter that is used to price a battery at the output of the system. Experimental results are shown for the proposed concept in comparison to a traditional synchronous rectification approach. The supplied optimization technique sincerely outperforms trendy solutions in phrases of efficiency and extractable power.
The electrical distribution network is undergoing tremendous modifications with the introduction of distributed generation technologies which have led to an increase in fault current levels in the distribution network. Fault current limiters have been developed as a promising technology to limit fault current levels in power systems. Though, quite a number of fault current limiters have been developed; the most common are the superconducting fault current limiters, solid-state fault current limiters, and saturated core fault current limiters. These fault current limiters present potential fault current limiting solutions in power systems. Nevertheless, they encounter various challenges hindering their deployment and commercialization. This research aimed at designing a bridge-type nonsuperconducting fault current limiter with a novel topology for distribution network applications. The proposed bridge-type nonsuperconducting fault current limiter was designed and simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC. Simulation results showed the effectiveness of the proposed design in fault current limiting, voltage sag compensation during fault conditions, and its ability not to affect the load voltage and current during normal conditions as well as in suppressing the source powers during fault conditions. Simulation results also showed very minimal power loss by the fault current limiter during normal conditions.
A NOVEL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING ANN TECHNIQUE FO...IJERD Editor
The proposed system presents power-control strategies of a Micro grid-connected hybrid generation
system with versatile power transfer. This hybrid system allows maximum utilization of freely available
renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic energies. For this, an adaptive MPPT algorithm along with
standard perturbs and observes method will be used for the system.
The inverter converts the DC output from non-conventional energy into useful AC power for the
connected load. This hybrid system operates under normal conditions which include normal room temperature
in the case of solar energy and normal wind speed at plain area in the case of wind energy. However, designing
an optimal micro grid is not an easy task, due to the fact that primary energy carriers are changeable and
uncontrollable, as is the demand. Traditional design and optimization tools, developed for controlled power
sources, cannot be employed here. Simulation methods seem to be the best solution.
The dynamic model of the proposed system is first elaborated in the stationary reference frame and
then transformed into the synchronous orthogonal reference frame. The transformed variables are used in
control of the voltage source converter as the heart of the interfacing system between DG resources and utility
grid. By setting an appropriate compensation current references from the sensed load currents in control circuit
loop of DG, the active, reactive, and harmonic load current components will be compensated with fast dynamic
response, thereby achieving sinusoidal grid currents in phase with load voltages, while required power of the
load is more than the maximum injected power of the DG to the grid. In addition, the proposed control method
of this paper does not need a phase-locked loop in control circuit and has fast dynamic response in providing
active and reactive power components of the grid-connected loads.
Techno Economic Analysis of HVDC Links for Inter State InterconnectionYogeshIJTSRD
The design of an interregional high voltage transmission system in the US is a revolutionary technological concept that will likely play a significant role in the planning and operation of future electric power systems. This paper presents techno economics analysis of HVDC link for interstate inter connected system. there are two type transmission system used for large power supply to long distance transmission 1 HVDC high voltage dc transmission system 2 HVAC high voltage ac transmission system in which HVDC is preferable due less power loss in transmissions but it need high installing charge at the starting moment. It need two type of installation block 1 rectifier block at the sending end 2 inverter block at receiving end these both block deal with high reactive VAR. In this paper we are going to analyze technology of HVDC installation, there control, how HVDC link deal with reactive VAR reactive power compensation , how its economical if it need high installing charge .In this paper we are using 2500 MVA, 230 volt, 60 grid after rectifying power transmitted to 100 km by 100 km cable then it invert at receiving end for distribution. Here we are calculating reactive power demand for both inverter and converter both, we comparing HVDC transmutation system with HVAC transmission system economically we also coverings the environmental advantages for HVDC system. My focus in this paper is, how to minimize installing charge of HVDC link, how to increase power carrying capacity of HVDC system and how to make it environment friendly. Muhammad Shahid | MD Asif "Techno-Economic Analysis of HVDC Links for Inter-State Interconnection" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43760.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/43760/technoeconomic-analysis-of-hvdc-links-for-interstate-interconnection/muhammad-shahid
Grid Connected Distributed Generation System with High Voltage Gain Cascaded ...IJECEIAES
The paper presents distributed generation (DG) system in grid connected mode of operation with asymmetric multi-level inverter (AMLI) topology. Cascaded type DC-DC converter is employed to feed proposed AMLI topology. The DG output voltage (generally low voltage) is stepped up to the required level of voltage using high-gain DC-DC converter. Proposed AMLI topology consists of capacitors at the primary side. The output of high-gain DC-DC converter is fed to split voltage balance single-input multi-output (SIMO) circuit to maintain voltage balance across capacitors of AMLI topology. Cascaded DC-DC converters (both high-gain converter and SIMO circuit) are operated in closed-loop mode. The proposed AMLI feeds active power to grid converting DC type of power generated from DG to AC type to feed the grid. PWM pattern to trigger power switches of AMLI is also presented. The inverting circuit of MLI topology is controlled using simplified I d -I q control strategy in this paper. With the proposed control theory, the active power fed to grid from DG is controlled and power factor is maintained at unity. The proposed system of DG integration to grid through cascaded DC-DC converters and AMLI structure is validated from fixed active power to grid from DG condition. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
The main objective of this research work is to develop KY conveter topology for renewable energy sources.Solar energy is the readily available and is the cheapest form of energy. It is non-polluting and environment friendly. The development of high static gain DC-DC converters is an important research area due to the crescent demand of this technology for several applications supplied by low DC output voltage power sources. It is used to provide the uninterruptable power supply and battery powered to the system. So here, step-up DC-DC converters based on the KY converter are proposed for LED lighting systems. The proposed topologies present high voltages and high efficiency for low input voltage and high output voltage applications. The simulation results of the proposed topology have been presented using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Operation and Control of Grid Connected Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid using Various RESIAES-IJPEDS
This paper proposes a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid in alliance with Photo Voltaic (PV) energy, Wind Energy and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel cells. Microgrids are becoming increasingly attractive to the researchers because of the less greenhouse gases, low running cost, and flexibility to operate in connection with utility grid. The Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid constitutes independent AC and DC subgrids, where all the corresponding sources and loads are connected to their respective buses and these buses are interfaced using an interfacing converter. The Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid increases system efficiency by reducing the multiple reverse conversions involved in conventional RES integration to grid. A Small Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid in grid connected mode was modeled and simulated in MATLAB- SIMULINK environment. The simulation results prove the stable operation considering the uncertainty of generations and loads.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Hybrid bypass technique to mitigate leakage current in the grid-tied inverterIJECEIAES
The extensive use of fossil fuel is destroying the balance of nature that could lead to many problems in the forthcoming era. Renewable energy resources are a ray of hope to avoid possible destruction. Smart grid and distributed power generation systems are now mainly built with the help of renewable energy resources. The integration of renewable energy production system with the smart grid and distributed power generation is facing many challenges that include addressing the issue of isolation and power quality. This paper presents a new approach to address the aforementioned issues by proposing a hybrid bypass technique concept to improve the overall performance of the grid-tied inverter in solar power generation. The topology with the proposed technique is presented using traditional H5, oH5 and H6 inverter. Comparison of topologies with literature is carried out to check the feasibility of the method proposed. It is found that the leakage current of all the proposed inverters is 9 mA and total harmonic distortion is almost about 2%. The proposed topology has good efficiency, common mode and differential mode characteristics.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.