Presentation made by Nikki Schopp at Interphex 2014. “USP 233: Sample Preparation" this covers the importance of sample preparation, and looking at each sample on a case by case basis, in applying the US Pharmacopeial Convention’s (USP) chapter on limits <232> and procedures for elemental impurities <233>. Read more http://bit.ly/RCkMpk
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Presentation made by Nikki Schopp at Interphex 2014. “USP 233: Sample Preparation" this covers the importance of sample preparation, and looking at each sample on a case by case basis, in applying the US Pharmacopeial Convention’s (USP) chapter on limits <232> and procedures for elemental impurities <233>. Read more http://bit.ly/RCkMpk
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
1. It is one of the type of Hyphenated technique.
2. It is a combination of gas chromatographic technique and spectroscopic technique.
3. It is having a high resolution capacity.
4. It is used has volatile and Non-volatile compounds.
5. It is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
mass spectrometry for pesticides residue analysis- L1sherif Taha
This is the first lecture in series of lectures on mass spectrometry for pesticides residue analysis. This lecture (1) include Pesticides classification, introduction to mass spectrometry, vacuum system for Agilent GC MS/ MS and AB SCIEX LC MS/ MS
Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS)Saira Fatima
PRESENTED BY
SAIRA FATIMA
SABAHAT MEHMOOD
SANA USMAN
MSc 4 (2018-2020)
Department of MicroBiology & Molecular Genetics
University of the Punjab
Lahore, Pakistan
This ppt consist of basic principle of GC-MS, instrumentation of GC-MS, components of GC-MS ,Advantages and disadvantages of GC-MS and application of GC-MS
Key Learning Objectives:
• Identify emerging triple quadrupole Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) technology designed to address increasing regulatory demands and requirements
• Explore potential time savings in sample prep, method development/transition, and data analysis
• Demonstrate how to optimize the GC-MS/MS workflow from sample prep to sample analysis to automated data analysis
Overview:
Regulatory lab requirements continue to drive detection limits lower with an ever increasing list of compounds to analyze. These requirements also demand greater precision at these lower limits. Triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS is a viable option for enhanced analysis and increased productivity with an emphasis on simplicity. We discuss emerging trends and technologies designed to ensure that laboratories are well-equipped to address these increased demands with minimal investment in training and method development. Find out how you can adopt triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS technology in your laboratory using existing methods and source parameters in most instances while requiring less sample prep and enjoying the benefits of automated data analysis for increased simplicity and productivity.
For more information: www.thermoscientific.com/tsq8000
Quantitative Analysis of 30 Drugs in Whole Blood by SPE and UHPLC-TOF-MSAnnex Publishers
Abstract
An Ultra-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS) method for quantitative analysis of 30 drugs in whole blood was developed and validated. The method was used for screening and quantification of common drugs and drugs of abuse in whole blood received from autopsy cases and living persons. The compounds included: alprazolam, amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, bromazepam, cathine, cathinone, chlordiazepoxide, cocaine, codeine, clonazepam, 7-aminoclonazepam, diazepam, nordiazepam, flunitrazepam, 7-aminoflunitrazepam, ketamine, ketobemidone, 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methamphetamine, methadone, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, nitrazepam, 7-aminonitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, and zolpidem. Blood samples (200 μL) were subjected to Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). Target drugs were quantified using a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system coupled to a Waters SYNAPT G2 TOF-MS apparatus. Extraction recoveries ranged from 41% (7-aminoclonazepam) to 111% (ketamine) and matrix effects ranged from -13% (temazepam) to 50% (7-aminonitrazepam). For all compounds, a quadratic polynomial was applied for fitting the calibration curves. Lower Limits of Quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.005 to 0.05 mg/kg. Satisfactory precisions below 15% and accuracies within 85-115% were obtained for all compounds at concentrations exceeding the LOQ. In conclusion, we present a validated UHPLC-TOF-MS method for simultaneous quantification of 30 drugs in whole blood with a run time of 15 min using 200 μL of whole blood.
Keywords: Drugs of abuse, UHPLC-TOF-MS, Whole blood, SPE, Quantification
Multi-Element Determination of Cu, Mn, and Se using Electrothermal Atomic Abs...IOSR Journals
Simultaneous multi-element graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (SIMAA 6000) is used to get a new multi-element determinations methodology for Cu, Mn, and Se. Firstly, the optimum conditions for single-element mode are determined (which include: pyrolysis and atomization temperatures). Secondly, the optimum conditions for multi-element mode are also determined. The conditions in the two modes have been compared in terms of the characteristic masses, detection limits and pyrolysis and atomization temperatures. The effect of the matrix on the determination has been studied using urine standard sample from Seronorm (LOT 0511545). The accuracy of the developing methods has been confirmed by analysis different biological reference materials. Simultaneous multi-element GF-AAS offers a rapid, low cost and sensitive method for the analysis of trace elements
Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide using palm shell activated carboneSAT Journals
Abstract Removing H2S from biogas that is produced from anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent is a crucial step in order for the biogas to be utilized as a source of energy. In this study, palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) prepared by steam activation was used to adsorb H2S from simulated biogas. The parameters studied were H2S concentration, adsorption temperature and space velocity. The effect of these parameters towards breakthrough adsorption capacity was studied using statistical analysis with Design Expert Software. H2S concentration and space velocity were found to be significant in affecting the breakthrough adsorption capacity.Adsorption temperature on its own was found not to have significant effect on the breakthrough adsorption capacity but its interaction with other parameters was found to be significant. Characterization of fresh and spent PSAC confirmed and provided further information on the adsorption of sulfur species on PSAC pore surface. Keywords: Activated carbon; Biogas; Hydrogen sulfide; Adsorption
1. It is one of the type of Hyphenated technique.
2. It is a combination of gas chromatographic technique and spectroscopic technique.
3. It is having a high resolution capacity.
4. It is used has volatile and Non-volatile compounds.
5. It is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
mass spectrometry for pesticides residue analysis- L1sherif Taha
This is the first lecture in series of lectures on mass spectrometry for pesticides residue analysis. This lecture (1) include Pesticides classification, introduction to mass spectrometry, vacuum system for Agilent GC MS/ MS and AB SCIEX LC MS/ MS
Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS)Saira Fatima
PRESENTED BY
SAIRA FATIMA
SABAHAT MEHMOOD
SANA USMAN
MSc 4 (2018-2020)
Department of MicroBiology & Molecular Genetics
University of the Punjab
Lahore, Pakistan
This ppt consist of basic principle of GC-MS, instrumentation of GC-MS, components of GC-MS ,Advantages and disadvantages of GC-MS and application of GC-MS
Key Learning Objectives:
• Identify emerging triple quadrupole Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) technology designed to address increasing regulatory demands and requirements
• Explore potential time savings in sample prep, method development/transition, and data analysis
• Demonstrate how to optimize the GC-MS/MS workflow from sample prep to sample analysis to automated data analysis
Overview:
Regulatory lab requirements continue to drive detection limits lower with an ever increasing list of compounds to analyze. These requirements also demand greater precision at these lower limits. Triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS is a viable option for enhanced analysis and increased productivity with an emphasis on simplicity. We discuss emerging trends and technologies designed to ensure that laboratories are well-equipped to address these increased demands with minimal investment in training and method development. Find out how you can adopt triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS technology in your laboratory using existing methods and source parameters in most instances while requiring less sample prep and enjoying the benefits of automated data analysis for increased simplicity and productivity.
For more information: www.thermoscientific.com/tsq8000
Quantitative Analysis of 30 Drugs in Whole Blood by SPE and UHPLC-TOF-MSAnnex Publishers
Abstract
An Ultra-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS) method for quantitative analysis of 30 drugs in whole blood was developed and validated. The method was used for screening and quantification of common drugs and drugs of abuse in whole blood received from autopsy cases and living persons. The compounds included: alprazolam, amphetamine, benzoylecgonine, bromazepam, cathine, cathinone, chlordiazepoxide, cocaine, codeine, clonazepam, 7-aminoclonazepam, diazepam, nordiazepam, flunitrazepam, 7-aminoflunitrazepam, ketamine, ketobemidone, 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methamphetamine, methadone, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, nitrazepam, 7-aminonitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, and zolpidem. Blood samples (200 μL) were subjected to Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). Target drugs were quantified using a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system coupled to a Waters SYNAPT G2 TOF-MS apparatus. Extraction recoveries ranged from 41% (7-aminoclonazepam) to 111% (ketamine) and matrix effects ranged from -13% (temazepam) to 50% (7-aminonitrazepam). For all compounds, a quadratic polynomial was applied for fitting the calibration curves. Lower Limits of Quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.005 to 0.05 mg/kg. Satisfactory precisions below 15% and accuracies within 85-115% were obtained for all compounds at concentrations exceeding the LOQ. In conclusion, we present a validated UHPLC-TOF-MS method for simultaneous quantification of 30 drugs in whole blood with a run time of 15 min using 200 μL of whole blood.
Keywords: Drugs of abuse, UHPLC-TOF-MS, Whole blood, SPE, Quantification
Multi-Element Determination of Cu, Mn, and Se using Electrothermal Atomic Abs...IOSR Journals
Simultaneous multi-element graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (SIMAA 6000) is used to get a new multi-element determinations methodology for Cu, Mn, and Se. Firstly, the optimum conditions for single-element mode are determined (which include: pyrolysis and atomization temperatures). Secondly, the optimum conditions for multi-element mode are also determined. The conditions in the two modes have been compared in terms of the characteristic masses, detection limits and pyrolysis and atomization temperatures. The effect of the matrix on the determination has been studied using urine standard sample from Seronorm (LOT 0511545). The accuracy of the developing methods has been confirmed by analysis different biological reference materials. Simultaneous multi-element GF-AAS offers a rapid, low cost and sensitive method for the analysis of trace elements
Adsorption of hydrogen sulfide using palm shell activated carboneSAT Journals
Abstract Removing H2S from biogas that is produced from anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent is a crucial step in order for the biogas to be utilized as a source of energy. In this study, palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) prepared by steam activation was used to adsorb H2S from simulated biogas. The parameters studied were H2S concentration, adsorption temperature and space velocity. The effect of these parameters towards breakthrough adsorption capacity was studied using statistical analysis with Design Expert Software. H2S concentration and space velocity were found to be significant in affecting the breakthrough adsorption capacity.Adsorption temperature on its own was found not to have significant effect on the breakthrough adsorption capacity but its interaction with other parameters was found to be significant. Characterization of fresh and spent PSAC confirmed and provided further information on the adsorption of sulfur species on PSAC pore surface. Keywords: Activated carbon; Biogas; Hydrogen sulfide; Adsorption
Fuzzy logic for plant-wide control of biological wastewater treatment process...ISA Interchange
The application of control strategies is increasingly used in wastewater treatment plants with the aim of improving effluent quality and reducing operating costs. Due to concerns about the progressive growth of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), these are also currently being evaluated in wastewater treatment plants. The present article proposes a fuzzy controller for plant-wide control of the biological wastewater treatment process. Its design is based on 14 inputs and 6 outputs in order to reduce GHG emissions, nutrient concentration in the effluent and operational costs. The article explains and shows the effect of each one of the inputs and outputs of the fuzzy controller, as well as the relationship between them. Benchmark Simulation Model no 2 Gas is used for testing the proposed control strategy. The results of simulation results show that the fuzzy controller is able to reduce GHG emissions while improving, at the same time, the common criteria of effluent quality and operational costs.
Robust Co3O4|α-Al2O3|cordierite structured catalyst for N2O abatement – Valid...CarmenMoncada10
Co3O4|α-Al2O3|cordierite structured catalysts were developed, optimizing washcoating procedure, active phase loading, and its deposition method via impregnation and solution combustion synthesis (SCS). The catalysts were thoroughly characterized by XRD, μRS, SEM/EDS, and BET, revealing that the catalyst layer deposited over cordierite carrier, consists of a washcoated micrometric α-Al2O3 (0.1–0.3 µm grains), where spinel nanocrystals (30–50 nm) were uniformly dispersed. It was found out that the SCS method to synthesize and finely disperse spinel nanoparticles results in significant better catalytic performance in low-temperature N2O decomposition than the classic impregnation method. The effectiveness factor evaluated, based on catalyst morphological features and deN2O catalytic results, was found to be ≈1. The determined mass transfer coefficients and type of the catalyst working regime (purely kinetic in the whole temperature range) provide the useful platform for rational design of a real deN2O catalyst.
Increasing Calorific Value of Biogas using Different Techniques: A Reviewijsrd.com
The use of fossil fuel is increasing day by day and is going to deplete soon. Biogas is a clean environment friendly fuel. Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion of organic waste cannot be utilized straight off as a vehicle fuel. The gases produced from anaerobic digestion are CH4 and trace components like CO2, H2O, H2S, Siloxanes, Hydrocarbons, NH3, O2, CO and N2. To use biogas as fuel, its CV should be about equal to CV of natural gas. Hence CV of biogas can be improved by removing CO2 and trace components from biogas. These gases are not completely combustible and will harm engine parts. For transforming biogas to bioCNG two steps are performed: (1) cleaning process to remove trace components and (2) upgrading process to increase CV of biogas. This paper reviews the attempt made to increase CV of a biogas by different methods for cleaning and upgrading.
Optimization of ultrasonicated membrane anaerobic system (umas) for sewage sl...eSAT Journals
Abstract Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System UMAS was successfully used for sewage sludge treatment and biogas production. Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology were used to determine the optimum conditions in which UMAS produce a maximum content of methane in the biogas produced. The effects of three variables namely pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and organic loading rate (OLR) on methane content were evaluated individually and interactively. The optimum conditions obtained were pH 7.74, COD 1061.06 Mg/l and OLR 0.90 kg/m3d. The predicted maximum percentage of methane was 89.72 % and confirmed close to RSM result. Keywords: Optimization, Response Surface Methodology, Sewage Sludge, Ultrasonic, Membrane, Anaerobic Digestion.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Treatability study of cetp wastewater using physico chemical process-a case s...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Treatability study of cetp wastewater using physico chemical process-a case s...eSAT Journals
Abstract The present study is focused on a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) located at Umaraya, District Baroda. Waste water from about thirty five small and medium scale industries majorly comprising of chemical manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries are treated in this CETP. The incoming wastewater was collected and mixed to prepare samples. They were then oxidized by Fenton’s reagent (Fe2+/H2O2) reduction in COD and BOD were observed at different H2O2 and FeSO4 doses to determine the optimum values. Thereafter pretreated wastewater was subjected to filtration with ordinary charcoal and COD and BOD reductions were noted.COD and BOD reduction of 64.35% and 68.57% respectively was achieved by Fenton’s reagent and after filtration the values were well within the disposal standards. The results clearly indicate that conventional system should be replaced by physicochemical process like oxidation and filtration. Index Terms: CETP, COD and BOD reduction, Fenton’s Reagent, Charcoal Filtration
Sewage treatment system considered to be an inevitable step to handle the burgeoning water scarcity in
the recent years. In this study a 1 MLD (Million Litres per Day) sewage treatment plant was selected and
evaluated its performance efficiency for a period of 8 Weeks (02.10.2021 to 20.11.2021). The adapted
treatment technology was Moving bed Bioreactor (MBBR) which is an attached biological growth method.
This technology totally driven by MBBR Carrier media, which provides an enormous surface area for
the microbial attachment. The treatment system has the following units such as Bar screen chamber, Grit
Chamber, Oil & Grease Chamber, Equalization Tank, Anoxic Tank, MBBR Tank, Settling Tank, Filter Feed
Tank, Pressure Sand Filter (PSF), Activated Carbon Filter (ACF), Chlorine dosing and Treated Water Tank.
Water samples were collected from different treatment units for 10 days and analysed for the major water
quality parameters such as Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Total
Kjeldhals Nitrogen (TKN) and Total suspended solids (TSS). The analysis showed that all treated water
parameters meet the State Pollution board standards. Also the results were very much useful to prepare
a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) which helps in hindrance free Operation and Maintenance of the
system.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Similar to IRJET- Extraction of Pure Methane, its Analysis & its Applications (20)
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.