IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Adequacy and Efficacy of Treatment Plant Treating Electronics Industry Wastewater with the parameters : BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, Heavy Metals, Nitrogen and Phosphate.
Economic feasibility report on cetp using physico chemical process-a case studyeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Pi controller based of multi level upqc using dq0 transformation to improve p...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design and verification of pipelined parallel architecture implementation in ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Adequacy and Efficacy of Treatment Plant Treating Electronics Industry Wastewater with the parameters : BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, Heavy Metals, Nitrogen and Phosphate.
Economic feasibility report on cetp using physico chemical process-a case studyeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Pi controller based of multi level upqc using dq0 transformation to improve p...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design and verification of pipelined parallel architecture implementation in ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Emission analysis of bio diesel blends on variable compression ratio engineeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and TechnologyImprov...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance of nano crystalline h zsm-5 as additive in fcc catalyst a revieweSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
High performance low leakage power full subtractor circuit design using rate ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Multi criteria decision model for biodiesel selection in an electrical powe...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Economic feasibility report on cetp using physico chemical process-a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract The present study is focused on a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) located at Umaraya, District Baroda. Waste water from about thirty five small and medium scale industries majorly comprising of chemical manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries are treated in this CETP. The study here is aimed for providing economic feasibility report of the proposed physicochemical process replacing the conventional biological treatment in the CETP. It has been suggested to replace by advanced oxidation and filtration units. The cost estimation consisting of capital cost, materials cost and operation and maintenance cost were carried out for the proposed structure. The feasibility studies conducted shows that replacement with the proposed treatment system is technically feasible but expensive. Index Terms: CETP, Physicochemical process, Feasibility studies, Fenton’s Reagent
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance Evaluation of 9 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant at Gurgaon and Cost Ef...civej
Sewage treatment plant under study has 9 MLD capacity and is located in Gurgaon. It receives sewage from the surrounding residential areas and after three stage treatment, treated effluent is supplied back to meet water requirement for various purposes. This has certainly reduced dependency on the precious underground water and thereby reducing the burden and saving environment. For performance evaluation of the sewage treatment plant samples were collected at various stages i.e., at inlet raw sewage, after primary treatment, secondary treatment and after tertiary treatment. Samples were tested to measure various parameters like pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Kjedahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Coliform, Phosphorous and Oil & Grease. Data on above parameters were observed and collected for three months November, 2014 to January, 2015. All these treatment are adding a huge cost to the recycled water. Hence the present study is aimed to provide alternatives to reduce the cost input. Also studies were made to find out ways by minimizing processes and stages of treatment.
37.8 MGD Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plant Field and Model Capacity...njcnews777
This paper presents results from the model capacity evaluation of an activated sludge plant at a large 37.8 MGD regional municipal wastewater treatment plant with reuse potential. The plant capacity evaluation (stress test) was performed to evaluate treatment process capacity and efficiencies as a part of the continuous improvement of the treatment plant for process optimization and maximization of flow through the plant.
Optimization of ultrasonicated membrane anaerobic system (umas) for sewage sl...eSAT Journals
Abstract Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System UMAS was successfully used for sewage sludge treatment and biogas production. Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology were used to determine the optimum conditions in which UMAS produce a maximum content of methane in the biogas produced. The effects of three variables namely pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and organic loading rate (OLR) on methane content were evaluated individually and interactively. The optimum conditions obtained were pH 7.74, COD 1061.06 Mg/l and OLR 0.90 kg/m3d. The predicted maximum percentage of methane was 89.72 % and confirmed close to RSM result. Keywords: Optimization, Response Surface Methodology, Sewage Sludge, Ultrasonic, Membrane, Anaerobic Digestion.
Performance evaluation of Effluent Treatment Plant of Dairy IndustryIJERA Editor
Dairy industry is among the most polluting of the food industries in regard to its large water consumption. Dairy
is one of the major industries causing water pollution. Considering the increased milk demand, the dairy
industry in India is expected to grow rapidly and have the waste generation and related environmental problems
are also assumed increased importance. Poorly treated wastewater with high level of pollutants caused by poor
design, operation or treatment systems creates major environmental problems when discharged to the surface
land or water. Various operations in a dairy industry may include pasteurization, cream, cheese, milk powder
etc. Considering the above stated implications an attempt has been made in the present project to evaluate one of
the Effluent Treatment Plant for dairy waste. Samples are collected from three points; Collection tank (CT),
primary clarifier (PC) and Secondary clarifier (SC) to evaluate the performance of Effluent Treatment Plant.
Parameters analyzed for evaluation of performance of Effluent Treatment Plant are pH, TDS, TSS, COD, and
BOD at 200C The pH, TDS, TSS, COD and BOD removal efficiency of Effluent Treatment Plant were 26.14 %,
33.30 %, 93.85 %, 94.19 % and 98.19 % respectively.
Anaerobic Treatment of Textile Wastewater using EGSBIJSRD
In this study expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has been used to investigate the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color of textile wastewater. Synthetic Textile wastewater was treated in an EGSB reactor seeded with non granular anaerobic sludge from UASB reactor treating sugar mill wastewater of Badagandi sugar mill at Badagandi village, Bagalkot district, Karnataka, India and active septic tank. The initial volatile suspended solid concentration was 20.40 g/L. The study was carried out at ambient temperature 29ºC to 37ºC in the laboratory scale reactors of 8.4 L effective volume. Reactor was fed with macro and micro nutrients. Successful reactor startup with granulation was achieved within 13 days of operation using Chitosan as polymer. During startup the hydraulic retention times (HRT) was kept constant for 12 hrs. A maximum COD removal efficiency of 89.95% was achieved at organic loading rate (OLR) of about 8 KgCOD/m3/d. And the maximum bio gas production was 20.4 l/d. During operation period synthetic textile wastewater was fed step by step with increasing concentration of 25%, 50% and 75% of influent COD (5000 mg/L) respectively. Loading was increased by reducing HRT to 6 hrs, 3 hrs, 1.5 hrs and 1 hr respectively. Results indicated that anaerobic treatment of textile wastewater was possible with the supplementation of an external carbon source in the form of glucose (600mg/L). The corresponding maximum COD and color removals were 78.4% and 69% respectively for HRT of 1.5 hrs and OLR of 80 Kg COD/m3/d at ambient temperature.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Treatability study of cetp wastewater using physico chemical process-a case study
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-1163
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | Apr-2013, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 524
TREATABILITY STUDY OF CETP WASTEWATER USING PHYSICO-
CHEMICAL PROCESS-A CASE STUDY
Prashant K. Lalwani1
, Malu D. Devadasan2
1, 2
Asst Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Ganpat University, Gujarat, India,
prashant.lalwani86@gmail.com, maludeav@gmail.com
Abstract
The present study is focused on a Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) located at Umaraya, District Baroda. Waste water from
about thirty five small and medium scale industries majorly comprising of chemical manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries are
treated in this CETP. The incoming wastewater was collected and mixed to prepare samples. They were then oxidized by Fenton’s
reagent (Fe2+
/H2O2) reduction in COD and BOD were observed at different H2O2 and FeSO4 doses to determine the optimum values.
Thereafter pretreated wastewater was subjected to filtration with ordinary charcoal and COD and BOD reductions were noted.COD
and BOD reduction of 64.35% and 68.57% respectively was achieved by Fenton’s reagent and after filtration the values were well
within the disposal standards. The results clearly indicate that conventional system should be replaced by physicochemical process
like oxidation and filtration.
Index Terms: CETP, COD and BOD reduction, Fenton’s Reagent, Charcoal Filtration
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1. INTRODUCTION
During the last few years the concept of CETP for the
different small and medium scale industrial estates in the
Gujarat state has developed with a great speed. One of these
CETP has been established for the cluster of industries in
western side of Baroda district particularly between Padra
Taluka and Jambusar Taluka. M/s Enviro Infrastructure Co.
Ltd. (EICL), village Umaraya, Taluka Padra has set up a
Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP). The plant is
located on Effluent Channel Road. The CETP was
commissioned on 1st May 2000. CETP was set up to cater
Small and Medium scale industries situated in and around
Padra & Jambusar Districts.
These small scale industries go on expanding and as per the
market demand they change their processes also. Therefore the
composite wastewater strength on which a CETP is designed
is also getting changed in every couple of years. Because of
these changes in the parameters of the composite wastewater it
is observed that the present CETP is not able to treat the
composite effluent in an efficient manner. It may happen that
the entire biological treatment along with the primary
treatment also gets totally and /or partially disturbed. The
study here is aimed for some modifications in the CETP, for
maintaining two of the important parameter COD and BOD of
the treated waste water from CETP as they do not meet the
required GPCB (Gujarat Pollution Control Board) disposal
standards to discharge into ECP (Effluent Channel Pipe)
which is a closed effluent channel that carries the effluent to
Bay of Cambay.
This is achieved by oxidizing the wastewater by Fenton’s
reagent (Fe2+
/H2O2) and then filtering it through ordinary
charcoal. The reduction in COD and BOD are observed and
design proposal for oxidation and filtration unit is provided.
Such advanced physico-chemical processes, can take much
higher fluctuating load and characteristics of inlet effluent as
compared to conventional biological treatment methods [1].
1.1 Field Study
At present, there are 52 member units, out of which only 35
member industries are discharging their waste water at CETP.
As only 35 industries are working the study is carried out only
for composite waste water of these industries, discharged into
equalization tank of CETP. The following table shows the
type of industries and their effluent contributions.
Table -1: Category of Industries and their contribution to the
CETP
Sr.
No
Category
No of
Industr
ies
Effluent
flow
(m3
/d)
1
Chemical manufacturing
industries
25 144
2
Pharmaceutical
industries
8 446
3
Glass manufacturing
industries
1 10
4 Others 1 0.4
Total flow 600.4
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-1163
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Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | Apr-2013, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 525
1.2 Present Condition of the CETP
CETP at Umaraya is provided for treatment of about 52
member industries. The present CETP is designed for 2250
m3/d of flow. The present CETP needs modification because
though the quantity of flow is very less (600.4 m3/d) than the
designed capacity, the parameters like COD, BOD, NH3-N,
SS and oil & grease after final treatment comes out to be
450,150, 87.8, 484 and 25mg/L respectively which do not
meet the GPCB disposal standard into ECP which are
250,100, 50, 100 and 20 mg/L respectively.
The effluent is received from different industries through a
rubber lined tanker. Before the effluent is loaded in the
equalization tank, the effluent parameters are measured and
then only effluent is loaded in the equalization tank. From
here, the effluent is lifted to Flash Mixer. At this tank,
continuous dosing of hydrated lime and Aluminum Sulfate
(Alum) slurry is added for flocculation and coagulation. After
mixing, the effluent is transferred to Primary Settling Tank. As
per original treatment scheme (2250 m3/day), two stage
Aeration followed by Secondary Clarifier treatment process
was provided. As the present effluent quantity is very less only
one compartment of Aeration Tank is used. At tertiary
treatment level, four Dual Media Filter tanks and chlorination
unit is provided.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Materials
All chemicals employed in this study were analytical grade.
All solutions were prepared in distilled-deionized water made
on each experimental day. Glassware used in this work was
soaked with HNO3 (~10%) for 24 h, and rinsed with distilled-
deionized water prior to drying. Hydrogen peroxide was
prepared by using the analytical grade (30% by wt.) H2O2 as
purchased. The ferrous sulphate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H2O)
was used as the source of Fe2+ in the Fenton process.
Solutions of NaOH and HCl were used for pH adjustments.
Ordinary charcoal (analytical grade) used as purchased.
2.2 Experimental Procedure
2.2.1Oxidation by Fenton’s Reagent
A 100 ml volume samples were prepared by collecting
wastewater directly from various tankers coming to CETP on
approximately weekly basis and mixing it. There initial COD
and BOD was measured and then treated with different H2O2
dose (3, 4,5ml) to obtain optimum dose using 1mg FeSO4, 4
pH, 60 min contact time and 32oC temperature. This process
was repeated using optimum H2O2 dose for varying FeSO4
dose (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2mg) and graph was plotted (Chart-1 & 2).
The sludge formation was 3ml.
2.2.2 Filtration by Ordinary Charcoal
In the laboratory filter media was prepared using charcoals of
size 1 cm. They were filled in burette (standard 50ml) which
acted as a filter media column. The height of charcoal column
was 7 cm with diameter 4.5 cm. The flow rate through the
column was maintained at 60 ml/min. 4ml of 1N NaOH was
used to bring pH of wastewater after oxidation from 2.9 to 7.5.
Volume and weight of charcoal column was 269.39 cm3 250
gm respectively. Sample volume of 1, 2, 3, 4 L pre treated
wastewater were prepared and passed through this filter
column. Reduction in COD and BOD were noted as shown in
Table 2.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
After optimization of Fenton’s reaction, COD and BOD
reduced at optimized pH, H2O2 and FeSO4 dosing was found
to be 64.35% and 68.57% respectively. The optimum pH,
contact time, H2O2 and FeSO4 dosing was found to be 4, 60
min, 4ml and 1mg respectively at temperature 32oC for the
mixed wastewater [2, 3, 4]. The results of filtration with
ordinary charcoal are shown in Table 2 [5, 6]. The end result
indicates that after filtration, the reduction in COD, BOD,
NH3-N, SS and oil & grease values are 82.6%, 91.24%,
54.44%, 81.4% and 40% respectively which meets the
disposal standards. Earlier during conventional treatment these
values were higher than prescribed standards. Through these
tests we can propose modification in the CETP for proper
treatment of industrial wastewaters. Design for oxidation and
filtration unit to replace the conventional treatment system has
been shown in Table 3 [7, 8, 9]. When the analysis work was
started out the flow coming to CETP was 600m3/d. At present
the flow coming to the CETP is 700 m3/d which is been
increased during analysis period of about 6 months. Looking
to the present increase in the incoming flow of the CETP, the
design has been modified for two times of the present flow
coming to the CETP.
There is no need of any additional equalization tank as two
numbers of equalization tanks each of capacity 1175 m3 is
already present. The clarifier can be used after oxidation
process to remove the sludge and then wastewater can be fed
to neutralization tank for filtration process. There is no need
for any additional filter column. The present columns are
sufficient for the treatment only change of media to charcoal is
needed.
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-1163
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Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | Apr-2013, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 526
Chart -1: Optimum H2O2 dosing for mixed wastewater
Chart -2: Optimum Iron dosing for mixed wastewater
Table -2: Result of Filtration of pretreated wastewater with
ordinary Charcoal
Sample
volume
(L)
COD
mg/L
After
filtration
COD
(mg/L)
COD
reduction
(%)
BOD
mg/L
After
filtration
BOD
(mg/L)
BOD
reduction
(%)
1
410
200 51.22
110
30 72.72
2 242 40.97 50 54.54
3 310 24.39 75 31.81
4 395 3.66 105 4.54
Table -3: Design of oxidation and filtration unit
Design maximum flow 1400 m3
/d
1 N HCL Solution Tank, 30% H2O2 Solution Tank and 1 N
NaOH Solution TankQuantity of 1 N HCL used 4 ml/L
Total quantity of 1 N HCL
required
5.6 m3
/day
Depth 1.3 m + 0.3 m FB
Surface area 4.30 m2
Configuration Circular with Dia = 2.35
m1 N HCL Mixing Tank For pH Adjustment and 1 N NaOH
Mixing Tank For pH Adjustment
Detention time 30 min
Volume of tank 30 m3
Depth 3 m + 0.3 m FB
Surface area 10 m2
Configuration Square with L:B = 3.2 m
Power required, P 2.0 HP (2.72 KW)
Power per unit flow 90.78 W
Diameter of impeller 0.64 m
Velocity at the tip of the impeller 3.35 m/sec
Area of blades 0.20 m2
Size of one blade 0.12m x 0.12m.
Number of blades 14 nos.
H2O2 and FeSO4 Mixing Tank
Detention time 60 min
Volume of tank 58.33 m3
Depth 3 m + 0.3 m FB
Surface area 19.44 m2
Configuration Square with L:B = 4.4 m
Power required, P 7 HP (5.3 KW)
Power per unit flow 90.78 W
Diameter of impeller 0.88 m
Velocity at the tip of the impeller 4.6 m/sec
Area of blades 0. 14 m2
Size of one blade 0.12m x 0.12m.
Number of blades 10 nos.
Design Of Settling (Neutralization )Tank
Design average flow 700 m3
/day
Influent Pipe Diameter 100mm
Surface area of tank 23.8 m2
Diameter of tank 5.5 m
Detention time 30 min
Depth of tank 2.80 m
Design Of Simple Charcoal Filter:-
Design average flow 700 m3
/day
Filtration rate 5 m3
/ m2
. hr
Surface wash rate 0.061 m3
/m2
.min
Minimum Filtration cycle 24 hr
Filter media size 1.0 cm
CONCLUSIONS
From the above experiments we can conclude that
conventional biological treatment of the CETP should be
replaced with physico-chemical process like advanced
oxidation process and filtration unit as incoming COD value is
more than 1000mg/L majorly consisting of non-biodegradable
4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-1163
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | Apr-2013, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 527
load. The oxidation and filtration should be carried out with
Fenton’s reagent and ordinary charcoal.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to acknowledge CETP, Umaraya for
the assistance rendered
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[7] CPHEEO, Manual on sewerage and sewage
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[8] S. K. Garg, Environmental Engineering - II : Sewage
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BIOGRAPHIES:
Prashant K. Lalwani, Asst Professor, Civil Enginering Dept,
U V Patel College of Engineering, Ganpat University,
Gujarat-384012, India, E-mail:
prashant.lalwani86@gmail.com
Malu D. Devadasan, Asst Professor, Civil Enginering Dept
U V Patel College of Engineering, Ganpat University,
Gujarat-384012, India, E-mail: maludeav@gmail.com