This document summarizes a study analyzing the energy consumption of HVAC systems in a commercial building in India over three months. The study found that running the water-cooled chiller (WCCH) as much as possible during peak hours (8am-6pm) led to significant energy savings in June compared to April and May. Data was recorded from daily load sheets and electricity consumption meters. Calculations showed energy savings of 31,368 units and Rs. 4,17,190 in June compared to April, and savings of 50,491 units and Rs. 6,71,530 compared to May. Running the WCCH more can save a minimum of Rs. 36,883 or 2773 units per month.
Exergy analysis and igcc plant technology to improve the efficiency and to re...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET-Detailed Energy Audit in a Captive Cogeneration PlantIRJET Journal
D.Rajani Kant , B.Sudheer Prem Kumar, N.Ravi Kumar, R.Virendra,J.Suresh Babu " Detailed Energy Audit in a Captive Cogeneration Plant ", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net
Abstract
The rate of exploitation of the energy resources has been expanding over time and resulted in reduction of fossil fuel reserves. Efficiency of all resources is crucial both in environmental and economic sense. Using energy inefficiently creates waste in all the world’s economies. It has environmental impacts with regional, local and global implications.The key object is to adopt energy management in every field in order to reduce the wastage of energy sources and cost effectiveness without affecting productivity and growth.
This document summarizes an energy audit conducted of the College of Engineering Perumon. It introduces that energy audits aim to minimize wastage and optimize efficiency. The objectives were to analyze energy consumption patterns, identify areas of wastage, and recommend cost-effective efficiency improvements. The methodology involved data collection, analysis, and recommending steps to reduce power consumption without affecting comfort. Various aspects of energy use were surveyed including utility consumption, lighting, inverters/batteries, substations, and thermal energy. The conclusion calls for innovative energy utilization schemes to avoid future energy calamities.
Enhancing the Performance of 75mw Steam Power Plant with Second Law Efficienc...theijes
This document analyzes the performance of a 75MW steam power plant. It uses energy analysis, thermodynamic second law analysis (exergy), and Rankine cycle analysis. Experimental data from the plant was used to calculate various efficiencies. The results showed that increasing the reference environment temperature increases the thermal, Rankine and exergy efficiencies of the plant. Additionally, as the condenser pressure increases, the plant efficiency decreases. The condenser pressure should be reduced to decrease irreversibilities in the system. Operating the plant above 50% capacity also helps minimize energy wastage by generating more steam even when not all is being used. Key components like the boiler, turbine, condenser and pumps were modeled to identify sources of energy and
Analysis and optimization of mechanical utility systemeSAT Journals
Abstract The present paperhas discussed the analyzing and optimizing methodology of mechanical utility systems.A study was carried out at Melog Speciality ChemicalsLtd with the aim of optimising the company’s utility system efficiency. Energy conservation is a worldwide, concern and an important consideration for any industry. In a chemical plant, amajor portion of the supplied energy is consumed in the production of compressed air. This compressed air is used for various applications. Hence in order to increase the efficiency of the plant the input energy supplied has to be decreased by making use of the most effective methods of compression which indirectly results in asaving of power.The paper revolves around the main objective of reducing the compression cost of air. This aim has been theoretically achieved by replacing the existing reciprocating compressor with a screw compressor. Cost saving due to the use of screw compressor is achieved because it requires low motor power to operate as compared to its reciprocating counterpart. Also, thereciprocating compressor needs frequent maintenance of various components like v- belt, piston rings, piston, etc. whereas screw compressor does not require frequent maintenance which decreases the compression system’s maintenance downtime. As there is no intercooler required in screw compressor the need to pump the cooling water at an intermediate stage of compression is eliminated, which is otherwise necessary for optimum operation reciprocating compressor. Keywords: Utility System, Economic Cost, Energy Conservation, Reciprocating Compressor, Screw Compressor
Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Efficiency of Domestic Hawt without Nos...IRJET Journal
This document compares the mechanical efficiency of a domestic horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) without and with a nose cone. Testing was conducted by measuring the rotational speed and power output of the turbine at varying wind speeds. Without a nose cone, the average efficiency was 38.75%. With a nose cone, which provides streamlined airflow over the blades to reduce drag, the average efficiency increased to 40.38%. The nose cone improved the value of the Betz limit, which describes the maximum power that can theoretically be extracted from the wind. In conclusion, the addition of a nose cone to reduce drag and increase lift improved the mechanical efficiency of the small HAWT design.
The document outlines the process for conducting an energy audit. It discusses initiating an energy management program, analyzing energy bills, conducting an on-site audit by examining various systems and equipment, and developing an energy audit report that identifies energy management opportunities and recommends cost-effective solutions to reduce energy usage and costs. The goal of an energy audit is to understand current energy usage and identify ways to use energy more efficiently.
Energy auditing, monitoring& targeting, and managementkiranpatilsjce
This document summarizes the key findings from an energy audit conducted at a flour milling plant. The audit found that milling and grinding processes accounted for 44% of the plant's energy consumption. Various energy saving proposals were identified, including installing an energy monitoring system, converting motors from delta to star configuration, adding variable speed drives, and replacing aging motors with more efficient models. Implementing these recommendations could result in annual energy savings of over 100,000 kWh and payback periods of less than 2 years for most proposals. The audit concludes with recommendations to optimize processes to reduce energy usage throughout the facility.
Exergy analysis and igcc plant technology to improve the efficiency and to re...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET-Detailed Energy Audit in a Captive Cogeneration PlantIRJET Journal
D.Rajani Kant , B.Sudheer Prem Kumar, N.Ravi Kumar, R.Virendra,J.Suresh Babu " Detailed Energy Audit in a Captive Cogeneration Plant ", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net
Abstract
The rate of exploitation of the energy resources has been expanding over time and resulted in reduction of fossil fuel reserves. Efficiency of all resources is crucial both in environmental and economic sense. Using energy inefficiently creates waste in all the world’s economies. It has environmental impacts with regional, local and global implications.The key object is to adopt energy management in every field in order to reduce the wastage of energy sources and cost effectiveness without affecting productivity and growth.
This document summarizes an energy audit conducted of the College of Engineering Perumon. It introduces that energy audits aim to minimize wastage and optimize efficiency. The objectives were to analyze energy consumption patterns, identify areas of wastage, and recommend cost-effective efficiency improvements. The methodology involved data collection, analysis, and recommending steps to reduce power consumption without affecting comfort. Various aspects of energy use were surveyed including utility consumption, lighting, inverters/batteries, substations, and thermal energy. The conclusion calls for innovative energy utilization schemes to avoid future energy calamities.
Enhancing the Performance of 75mw Steam Power Plant with Second Law Efficienc...theijes
This document analyzes the performance of a 75MW steam power plant. It uses energy analysis, thermodynamic second law analysis (exergy), and Rankine cycle analysis. Experimental data from the plant was used to calculate various efficiencies. The results showed that increasing the reference environment temperature increases the thermal, Rankine and exergy efficiencies of the plant. Additionally, as the condenser pressure increases, the plant efficiency decreases. The condenser pressure should be reduced to decrease irreversibilities in the system. Operating the plant above 50% capacity also helps minimize energy wastage by generating more steam even when not all is being used. Key components like the boiler, turbine, condenser and pumps were modeled to identify sources of energy and
Analysis and optimization of mechanical utility systemeSAT Journals
Abstract The present paperhas discussed the analyzing and optimizing methodology of mechanical utility systems.A study was carried out at Melog Speciality ChemicalsLtd with the aim of optimising the company’s utility system efficiency. Energy conservation is a worldwide, concern and an important consideration for any industry. In a chemical plant, amajor portion of the supplied energy is consumed in the production of compressed air. This compressed air is used for various applications. Hence in order to increase the efficiency of the plant the input energy supplied has to be decreased by making use of the most effective methods of compression which indirectly results in asaving of power.The paper revolves around the main objective of reducing the compression cost of air. This aim has been theoretically achieved by replacing the existing reciprocating compressor with a screw compressor. Cost saving due to the use of screw compressor is achieved because it requires low motor power to operate as compared to its reciprocating counterpart. Also, thereciprocating compressor needs frequent maintenance of various components like v- belt, piston rings, piston, etc. whereas screw compressor does not require frequent maintenance which decreases the compression system’s maintenance downtime. As there is no intercooler required in screw compressor the need to pump the cooling water at an intermediate stage of compression is eliminated, which is otherwise necessary for optimum operation reciprocating compressor. Keywords: Utility System, Economic Cost, Energy Conservation, Reciprocating Compressor, Screw Compressor
Comparative Analysis of Mechanical Efficiency of Domestic Hawt without Nos...IRJET Journal
This document compares the mechanical efficiency of a domestic horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) without and with a nose cone. Testing was conducted by measuring the rotational speed and power output of the turbine at varying wind speeds. Without a nose cone, the average efficiency was 38.75%. With a nose cone, which provides streamlined airflow over the blades to reduce drag, the average efficiency increased to 40.38%. The nose cone improved the value of the Betz limit, which describes the maximum power that can theoretically be extracted from the wind. In conclusion, the addition of a nose cone to reduce drag and increase lift improved the mechanical efficiency of the small HAWT design.
The document outlines the process for conducting an energy audit. It discusses initiating an energy management program, analyzing energy bills, conducting an on-site audit by examining various systems and equipment, and developing an energy audit report that identifies energy management opportunities and recommends cost-effective solutions to reduce energy usage and costs. The goal of an energy audit is to understand current energy usage and identify ways to use energy more efficiently.
Energy auditing, monitoring& targeting, and managementkiranpatilsjce
This document summarizes the key findings from an energy audit conducted at a flour milling plant. The audit found that milling and grinding processes accounted for 44% of the plant's energy consumption. Various energy saving proposals were identified, including installing an energy monitoring system, converting motors from delta to star configuration, adding variable speed drives, and replacing aging motors with more efficient models. Implementing these recommendations could result in annual energy savings of over 100,000 kWh and payback periods of less than 2 years for most proposals. The audit concludes with recommendations to optimize processes to reduce energy usage throughout the facility.
The presentations shows what is energy efficiency and how could we achieve it. It also presents the energy audit service and at what cost in Rupandehi, Nepal.
1. general energy use problems & energy auditneetu meena
presentation is related to energy conservation and management, topics include conservation policy, energy crisis and methods to mitigate it, energy audit, energy reporting monitoring and energy management co-ordinator, General energy Problem: Energy use patterns and scope for conservation
Energy audit: Energy monitoring
Energy accounting and analysis
Auditing and targeting
Energy conservation policy
Energy management & audit, Energy audit, Types of energy audit, Targeted Energy Audits, Preliminary Energy Audit, Detailed Energy Audit, Energy management (audit), qualities and function of energy managers, language of an energy manager Methods to mitigate Energy crises, Energy Strategy for Future, Questionnaire, Checklist for top management, India Energy Scenario, Loss of energy in material flow, energy performance, World energy scenario, Maximizing system efficiency, Optimizing, input energy requirements, Energy auditing instruments, Material load energy balance diagram,Use of Energy, Energy crises, Causes of the Energy Crisis, Energy demand and availability
Working Manual on Energy Auditing in industrieszubeditufail
The document provides information on energy auditing and management. It discusses various types of energy sources including primary and secondary, commercial and non-commercial, and renewable and non-renewable sources. It also discusses global energy reserves and consumption as well as environmental issues like ozone layer depletion. Ozone depletion is caused by man-made chlorine and bromine compounds which break down the ozone layer. International agreements like the Montreal Protocol have helped phase out ozone depleting substances.
IRJET- To Utilize Vehicle Heat and Exhaust EnergyIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses utilizing the heat and exhaust energy from vehicles through thermoelectric power generators.
2) Thermoelectric generators directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy through the Seebeck effect without moving parts, improving energy conversion efficiencies.
3) The system aims to capture waste heat from vehicle exhausts using thermoelectric modules to generate additional electrical power for uses like charging batteries.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on conducting an energy audit at CITM Jaipur. It defines energy and various types of energy. It discusses the objectives of energy management, including optimizing energy usage to reduce costs and environmental impacts. An energy audit aims to determine ways to lower energy consumption and costs by analyzing energy usage. Common energy audit types and instruments are described, such as measuring electrical parameters, combustion, temperatures, and lighting levels. Factors for evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures include costs, savings, payback periods, and impact on operations. Load calculations are provided for different buildings and facilities at CITM.
This document discusses energy auditing in mines. It defines energy auditing as verifying, monitoring, and analyzing energy use to identify ways to improve efficiency. The main areas of energy use in mines include ventilation, hoisting, compressors, pumps, and underground equipment powered by electricity or diesel. Conducting an energy audit provides benefits like conserving resources and reducing costs. Preliminary audits identify quick savings while detailed audits examine each energy system. The methodology involves installing meters, collecting operational data, and analyzing consumption patterns to identify inefficiencies. Instruments like energy meters, tachometers, and pitot tubes are used to measure use.
IRJET- Construction of Fuel Oil Pump House at 1x800mw North Chennai Therm...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and construction of a fuel oil pump house for a 1x800MW thermal power plant in Chennai, India. It describes the fuel oil handling system and processes involved in unloading, storing, and transferring fuel oil to the plant's boilers. The objectives of the project are to study the technical and economic feasibility of the fuel oil pump house design and to improve the stability, safety, and performance of the fuel handling system.
Investigation of Boiler Performance in a Power PlantAM Publications
In any modern power plant, the efficiency calculation and loss analysis of a boiler are the first steps to maintain and improve the overall power plant efficiency. The efficiency of the boiler was calculated by the losses or indirect method which is more complicated and more accurate than the direct method. The specific objective of this paper is to calculate the efficiency of a boiler and to identify and analyse the losses involved in the boiler. Boiler’s performance deviations were analysed and the causes for these deviations are found. To minimise these deviations the possible remedial measures were found and also aims to suggest methods which would aid in the reduction of the specific fuel consumption and the carbon footprint, apart from calculating the efficiency and analysing the losses involved in a boiler.
The document summarizes an energy audit of the Mechanical Workshop and Classroom Block at Kyambogo University. It finds that the main energy consumption areas are lighting, machine tools, computers, and photocopiers. Replacing T8 fluorescent tubes with LED tubes and CRT monitors with LCDs are economically feasible energy conservation measures that could save the university over 1 million Ugandan shillings per year. Proper record keeping of machine tool usage and restoring currently unusable tools could also help reduce energy costs. Implementing the identified energy efficiency improvements would cut utility expenses for the university.
Intelligent Management on the Home Consumers with Zero Energy Consumptionijeei-iaes
The energy and environment crisis has forced modern humans to think about new and clean energy sources and in particular, renewable energy sources. With the development of home network, the residents have the opportunity to plan the home electricity usage with the goal of reducing the cost of electricity. In this regard, to improve the energy consumption efficiency in residential buildings, smart buildings with zero energy consumption were considered as a proper option. Zero-energy building is a building that has smart equipment whose integral of generated and consumed power within a year is zero. In this article, smart devices submit their power consumption with regard to the requested activity associated with the user’s time setting for run times and end times of the work to the energy management unit and ultimately the time to start work will be determined. The problem’s target function is reducing the energy cost for the consumer with taking into account the applicable limitations.
The Friends of NELHA presented a 3 part workshop called Energy Efficiency and Auditing Workshop in Hawaii. This slideshow presentation by Dr. Roderick Hinman is the first section which discusses what electricity is, how it is measured, and how you can measure the electrical loads of each appliance in your home to make decisions that can save on your home electric bill.
An energy audit was conducted of a college campus to identify opportunities to reduce energy consumption. The audit found the total connected load was 240.39 kilowatts, with the main sources being lighting, fans, and laboratory equipment. Replacing the existing fluorescent lights with LED lights could reduce energy use and costs, as LEDs use less power but provide the same illumination. A full conversion to LEDs across the campus would save over Rs. 200,000 per year in energy costs compared to continuing with fluorescent tubes.
This document outlines the contents and methodology for conducting an energy audit. It begins by defining an energy audit and its significance for energy conservation. It then discusses the types of energy audits that can be conducted, including preliminary and detailed audits. The methodology sections explain how to conduct each type of audit, including collecting energy consumption data, tariff information, and assessing energy management practices. The document also lists common energy audit instruments and concludes by emphasizing the economic and environmental benefits of energy conservation.
Industrial energy auditing and reportingVignesh Sekar
Industrial Energy Audit is defined as the verification, monitoring and analysis of energy use including submission of technical report containing all the recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost analysis and an action plan to reduce consumption
Anil Palamwar discusses the need for energy audits at both the macro and micro levels. He outlines some of the key reasons for conserving energy, including limited resources, cost reduction, and environmental impacts. Palamwar also discusses the importance of efficiency, providing examples of system losses throughout generation, transmission, and distribution. He emphasizes the importance of identifying and reducing losses to improve efficiency.
The document discusses SMEDA's energy efficiency program which includes international collaborations and aims to minimize energy usage and develop efficient energy management systems. It has benefited 62 industrial units through various projects including establishing demonstration projects, implementing energy management systems, and training energy managers. Key projects outlined include detailed energy audits conducted, training energy service companies, and developing an energy efficiency management program targeting specific sectors. The document then provides case studies on improving energy efficiency through measures such as optimizing power distribution systems, installing variable frequency drives, improving electric motors and compressed air systems, balancing air flow, and upgrading welding plants.
IRJET-System Analysis and Optimization of Photovoltaic –Wind Hybrid System: R...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of artificial intelligence techniques to optimize photovoltaic-wind hybrid energy systems. It discusses various modeling approaches for system components like solar panels, wind turbines, batteries and loads. Traditional optimization methods like iterative, graphical and linear programming techniques are compared to newer artificial intelligence approaches like particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms. The review concludes that artificial intelligence methods provide more accurate and faster optimization of hybrid systems compared to traditional techniques.
Industrial energy efficiency techniques and energy management (1)Anish Maman
This document discusses industrial energy efficiency and energy management. It describes why energy efficiency is important due to rising energy prices, energy security, climate change, and green jobs. The main systems that consume energy in industry are identified as HVAC, compressed air, heating/cooling, electrical, lighting, motors, boilers, refrigeration, drying, and waste treatment. Energy management and industrial energy audits are defined as tools to optimize energy usage and identify opportunities to reduce energy consumption and costs. Preliminary and detailed energy audit methodologies are outlined.
This presentation gives the basic definition of Energy Audit, the need for it, objectives of energy audit, stages of audit, types of audit, Three-Phases of conducting the energy audit, steps to be carried out in preliminary or walk-through or diagnostic audit, targeted audit, Ten Step Methodology for conducting detailed audit and the instruments used to conduct energy audit.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT SCHEMESijmech
Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPPs) are imperative for power generation with the capability for
deciphering power shortage during peak and off peak hours. To perk up the recital of the plant, foremost
locations of exergy losses are to be identified and analyzed. In the present work, exergetic analysis of a
CCPP is carried out using the computer programming tool Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The effects
of overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature on the exergy destruction in the CPR are
investigated. The results obtained are compared with that of simple gas turbine cycle power plant. During
real time operation of CCPP exergy destruction in different components is associated with change in
overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature (TIT). Out of the total exergy destruction in the cycle it
is the combustion chamber (CC) which is responsible for the maximum exergy destruction. Nearly 60% of
the total exergy is destroyed in CC. Results clearly show that with increase in complicacy of the power
plant structure, irreversibility of the processes can be improved.
IRJET- Analysis of Energy - Efficient Measures for Architectural BuildingIRJET Journal
This document analyzes energy efficient measures that can be implemented in commercial buildings in India to reduce energy consumption. It finds that commercial buildings account for 50% of electricity use in India due to widespread air conditioning. Potential measures discussed include installing electronic ballasts for fluorescent lights, implementing air-to-air heat recovery systems, optimizing control sequences for multiple identical chillers, and using variable speed drives for equipment like chillers and pumps. Modeling shows the control sequence optimization and variable speed drives for chillers have payback periods of under 3 years, making them highly cost-effective options.
IRJET- Performance and Evaluation of Aqua Ammonia Air Conditioner System ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of an aqua-ammonia air conditioning system for automobiles that uses waste exhaust heat from the vehicle engine. The study examines how the generator and absorption refrigeration system can utilize the available waste heat. Results found that the cooling capacity was affected by the ammonia concentration and provided acceptable cooling between 1-1.5 tons. The coefficient of performance was highest at higher generator and evaporator temperatures but decreased with increasing condenser and absorber temperatures. Overall, the study shows that an aqua-ammonia vapor absorption system has the potential to provide air conditioning for vehicles using only waste exhaust heat from the engine.
The presentations shows what is energy efficiency and how could we achieve it. It also presents the energy audit service and at what cost in Rupandehi, Nepal.
1. general energy use problems & energy auditneetu meena
presentation is related to energy conservation and management, topics include conservation policy, energy crisis and methods to mitigate it, energy audit, energy reporting monitoring and energy management co-ordinator, General energy Problem: Energy use patterns and scope for conservation
Energy audit: Energy monitoring
Energy accounting and analysis
Auditing and targeting
Energy conservation policy
Energy management & audit, Energy audit, Types of energy audit, Targeted Energy Audits, Preliminary Energy Audit, Detailed Energy Audit, Energy management (audit), qualities and function of energy managers, language of an energy manager Methods to mitigate Energy crises, Energy Strategy for Future, Questionnaire, Checklist for top management, India Energy Scenario, Loss of energy in material flow, energy performance, World energy scenario, Maximizing system efficiency, Optimizing, input energy requirements, Energy auditing instruments, Material load energy balance diagram,Use of Energy, Energy crises, Causes of the Energy Crisis, Energy demand and availability
Working Manual on Energy Auditing in industrieszubeditufail
The document provides information on energy auditing and management. It discusses various types of energy sources including primary and secondary, commercial and non-commercial, and renewable and non-renewable sources. It also discusses global energy reserves and consumption as well as environmental issues like ozone layer depletion. Ozone depletion is caused by man-made chlorine and bromine compounds which break down the ozone layer. International agreements like the Montreal Protocol have helped phase out ozone depleting substances.
IRJET- To Utilize Vehicle Heat and Exhaust EnergyIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses utilizing the heat and exhaust energy from vehicles through thermoelectric power generators.
2) Thermoelectric generators directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy through the Seebeck effect without moving parts, improving energy conversion efficiencies.
3) The system aims to capture waste heat from vehicle exhausts using thermoelectric modules to generate additional electrical power for uses like charging batteries.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on conducting an energy audit at CITM Jaipur. It defines energy and various types of energy. It discusses the objectives of energy management, including optimizing energy usage to reduce costs and environmental impacts. An energy audit aims to determine ways to lower energy consumption and costs by analyzing energy usage. Common energy audit types and instruments are described, such as measuring electrical parameters, combustion, temperatures, and lighting levels. Factors for evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of energy efficiency measures include costs, savings, payback periods, and impact on operations. Load calculations are provided for different buildings and facilities at CITM.
This document discusses energy auditing in mines. It defines energy auditing as verifying, monitoring, and analyzing energy use to identify ways to improve efficiency. The main areas of energy use in mines include ventilation, hoisting, compressors, pumps, and underground equipment powered by electricity or diesel. Conducting an energy audit provides benefits like conserving resources and reducing costs. Preliminary audits identify quick savings while detailed audits examine each energy system. The methodology involves installing meters, collecting operational data, and analyzing consumption patterns to identify inefficiencies. Instruments like energy meters, tachometers, and pitot tubes are used to measure use.
IRJET- Construction of Fuel Oil Pump House at 1x800mw North Chennai Therm...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and construction of a fuel oil pump house for a 1x800MW thermal power plant in Chennai, India. It describes the fuel oil handling system and processes involved in unloading, storing, and transferring fuel oil to the plant's boilers. The objectives of the project are to study the technical and economic feasibility of the fuel oil pump house design and to improve the stability, safety, and performance of the fuel handling system.
Investigation of Boiler Performance in a Power PlantAM Publications
In any modern power plant, the efficiency calculation and loss analysis of a boiler are the first steps to maintain and improve the overall power plant efficiency. The efficiency of the boiler was calculated by the losses or indirect method which is more complicated and more accurate than the direct method. The specific objective of this paper is to calculate the efficiency of a boiler and to identify and analyse the losses involved in the boiler. Boiler’s performance deviations were analysed and the causes for these deviations are found. To minimise these deviations the possible remedial measures were found and also aims to suggest methods which would aid in the reduction of the specific fuel consumption and the carbon footprint, apart from calculating the efficiency and analysing the losses involved in a boiler.
The document summarizes an energy audit of the Mechanical Workshop and Classroom Block at Kyambogo University. It finds that the main energy consumption areas are lighting, machine tools, computers, and photocopiers. Replacing T8 fluorescent tubes with LED tubes and CRT monitors with LCDs are economically feasible energy conservation measures that could save the university over 1 million Ugandan shillings per year. Proper record keeping of machine tool usage and restoring currently unusable tools could also help reduce energy costs. Implementing the identified energy efficiency improvements would cut utility expenses for the university.
Intelligent Management on the Home Consumers with Zero Energy Consumptionijeei-iaes
The energy and environment crisis has forced modern humans to think about new and clean energy sources and in particular, renewable energy sources. With the development of home network, the residents have the opportunity to plan the home electricity usage with the goal of reducing the cost of electricity. In this regard, to improve the energy consumption efficiency in residential buildings, smart buildings with zero energy consumption were considered as a proper option. Zero-energy building is a building that has smart equipment whose integral of generated and consumed power within a year is zero. In this article, smart devices submit their power consumption with regard to the requested activity associated with the user’s time setting for run times and end times of the work to the energy management unit and ultimately the time to start work will be determined. The problem’s target function is reducing the energy cost for the consumer with taking into account the applicable limitations.
The Friends of NELHA presented a 3 part workshop called Energy Efficiency and Auditing Workshop in Hawaii. This slideshow presentation by Dr. Roderick Hinman is the first section which discusses what electricity is, how it is measured, and how you can measure the electrical loads of each appliance in your home to make decisions that can save on your home electric bill.
An energy audit was conducted of a college campus to identify opportunities to reduce energy consumption. The audit found the total connected load was 240.39 kilowatts, with the main sources being lighting, fans, and laboratory equipment. Replacing the existing fluorescent lights with LED lights could reduce energy use and costs, as LEDs use less power but provide the same illumination. A full conversion to LEDs across the campus would save over Rs. 200,000 per year in energy costs compared to continuing with fluorescent tubes.
This document outlines the contents and methodology for conducting an energy audit. It begins by defining an energy audit and its significance for energy conservation. It then discusses the types of energy audits that can be conducted, including preliminary and detailed audits. The methodology sections explain how to conduct each type of audit, including collecting energy consumption data, tariff information, and assessing energy management practices. The document also lists common energy audit instruments and concludes by emphasizing the economic and environmental benefits of energy conservation.
Industrial energy auditing and reportingVignesh Sekar
Industrial Energy Audit is defined as the verification, monitoring and analysis of energy use including submission of technical report containing all the recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost analysis and an action plan to reduce consumption
Anil Palamwar discusses the need for energy audits at both the macro and micro levels. He outlines some of the key reasons for conserving energy, including limited resources, cost reduction, and environmental impacts. Palamwar also discusses the importance of efficiency, providing examples of system losses throughout generation, transmission, and distribution. He emphasizes the importance of identifying and reducing losses to improve efficiency.
The document discusses SMEDA's energy efficiency program which includes international collaborations and aims to minimize energy usage and develop efficient energy management systems. It has benefited 62 industrial units through various projects including establishing demonstration projects, implementing energy management systems, and training energy managers. Key projects outlined include detailed energy audits conducted, training energy service companies, and developing an energy efficiency management program targeting specific sectors. The document then provides case studies on improving energy efficiency through measures such as optimizing power distribution systems, installing variable frequency drives, improving electric motors and compressed air systems, balancing air flow, and upgrading welding plants.
IRJET-System Analysis and Optimization of Photovoltaic –Wind Hybrid System: R...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of artificial intelligence techniques to optimize photovoltaic-wind hybrid energy systems. It discusses various modeling approaches for system components like solar panels, wind turbines, batteries and loads. Traditional optimization methods like iterative, graphical and linear programming techniques are compared to newer artificial intelligence approaches like particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms. The review concludes that artificial intelligence methods provide more accurate and faster optimization of hybrid systems compared to traditional techniques.
Industrial energy efficiency techniques and energy management (1)Anish Maman
This document discusses industrial energy efficiency and energy management. It describes why energy efficiency is important due to rising energy prices, energy security, climate change, and green jobs. The main systems that consume energy in industry are identified as HVAC, compressed air, heating/cooling, electrical, lighting, motors, boilers, refrigeration, drying, and waste treatment. Energy management and industrial energy audits are defined as tools to optimize energy usage and identify opportunities to reduce energy consumption and costs. Preliminary and detailed energy audit methodologies are outlined.
This presentation gives the basic definition of Energy Audit, the need for it, objectives of energy audit, stages of audit, types of audit, Three-Phases of conducting the energy audit, steps to be carried out in preliminary or walk-through or diagnostic audit, targeted audit, Ten Step Methodology for conducting detailed audit and the instruments used to conduct energy audit.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT SCHEMESijmech
Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPPs) are imperative for power generation with the capability for
deciphering power shortage during peak and off peak hours. To perk up the recital of the plant, foremost
locations of exergy losses are to be identified and analyzed. In the present work, exergetic analysis of a
CCPP is carried out using the computer programming tool Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The effects
of overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature on the exergy destruction in the CPR are
investigated. The results obtained are compared with that of simple gas turbine cycle power plant. During
real time operation of CCPP exergy destruction in different components is associated with change in
overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature (TIT). Out of the total exergy destruction in the cycle it
is the combustion chamber (CC) which is responsible for the maximum exergy destruction. Nearly 60% of
the total exergy is destroyed in CC. Results clearly show that with increase in complicacy of the power
plant structure, irreversibility of the processes can be improved.
IRJET- Analysis of Energy - Efficient Measures for Architectural BuildingIRJET Journal
This document analyzes energy efficient measures that can be implemented in commercial buildings in India to reduce energy consumption. It finds that commercial buildings account for 50% of electricity use in India due to widespread air conditioning. Potential measures discussed include installing electronic ballasts for fluorescent lights, implementing air-to-air heat recovery systems, optimizing control sequences for multiple identical chillers, and using variable speed drives for equipment like chillers and pumps. Modeling shows the control sequence optimization and variable speed drives for chillers have payback periods of under 3 years, making them highly cost-effective options.
IRJET- Performance and Evaluation of Aqua Ammonia Air Conditioner System ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of an aqua-ammonia air conditioning system for automobiles that uses waste exhaust heat from the vehicle engine. The study examines how the generator and absorption refrigeration system can utilize the available waste heat. Results found that the cooling capacity was affected by the ammonia concentration and provided acceptable cooling between 1-1.5 tons. The coefficient of performance was highest at higher generator and evaporator temperatures but decreased with increasing condenser and absorber temperatures. Overall, the study shows that an aqua-ammonia vapor absorption system has the potential to provide air conditioning for vehicles using only waste exhaust heat from the engine.
The document summarizes an energy audit conducted on a thermal power plant in Jordan. The power plant produces 14.36 MW through a Rankine cycle using natural gas. A preliminary energy audit evaluated the performance of the plant's components, including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and pumps. The results showed deviations in efficiency for all components compared to their design specifications. Specifically, the boiler had the largest deviation of 4.9% efficiency, likely due to poor water and fuel quality and heat loss. Several solutions were proposed to improve the plant's efficiency.
IRJET- Regenerative System and it’s ApplicationIRJET Journal
This document discusses regenerative braking systems. It begins with an abstract that introduces regenerative braking as a system that can recapture kinetic energy during braking and convert it to electrical energy. It then provides background on regenerative braking and how it works. The document reviews several past studies on regenerative braking systems and their applications in electric vehicles. It discusses the components and working of a regenerative braking system, including how kinetic energy is captured during braking by a flywheel and generator and stored in a battery.
Energy Based Analysis of a Thermal Power Station for Energy Efficiency Improv...IJMER
Despite of growth of renewable energy stations installations like wind, solar, Tidal power, the energy for the world depends heavily on fossil fuels for electricity generation. It is also expected to continue the dependence on fossil fuels for next few decades. Therefore, given the continued reliance on the fossil fuels for some time, it is important to note these plants must reduce their environmental impact by operating fossil fuels more efficiently. Two types of analysis namely, energy and exergy analysis can be developed for the system. Energy analysis based on first law of thermodynamics cannot be applied as it cannot justify the real useful energy loss because it does not differentiate between the quality and quantity of energy within the system. Whereas, exergy analysis will characterize the work potential of a system based on the second law of thermodynamics and the maximum work that can be obtained from the system when its state is brought to the reference or dead state (standard atmospheric conditions).This technical paper presents the results of exergy and energy analysis carried out on 62 MW coal-based thermal power plant to evaluate the performance. The performance of the plant was estimated by a component-wise modeling followed by a system simulation. A parametric study is conducted for the thermal plant under various operating conditions, including different operating condenser pressures, temperatures and flow rates of cooling water across the condenser etc, in order to determine which parameter that maximizes plant performance. Energy loss distribution to find out the amount and source of irreversibilities generated in boiler and turbine in a plant so that any process in the system having largest energy destruction can be identified and that helps the designer to re design the system components.
Cooling of a truck cabin by vapour absorption refrigeration system using engi...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Development and Performance of Solar based Air WasherIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the development and performance of a solar-powered air washer. It aims to address drawbacks of existing air washers by making it fully solar-powered using a blower, pumps, heating/cooling coils, and reservoir. The system uses water and air to remove dust and particles for cleaning purposes while maintaining the ideal temperature. It is more cost-efficient and compact than traditional air washers. The document reviews several existing studies on related technologies and provides details on the components involved in the solar-powered air washer system, including heating/cooling coils, nozzles, pumps, blowers, reservoirs, filtering plates, and a vapor compression cycle.
Design and Control of the Pitch of Wind Turbine through PIDIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and control of the pitch angle of a wind turbine using a PID controller. It begins with an introduction to wind energy and the need for pitch control to reduce loads on turbine blades. It then presents the mathematical models of the pitch actuator and drive train components. Next, it discusses implementation of a conventional PID controller in the Simulink model and compares the performance with and without control. The results show the PID controller provides better control of the pitch angle with lower delay and rise time though with some oscillations. Future work could explore adaptive fuzzy PID control or individual pitch control to further improve performance.
Design and Analysis of Flywheel based Kinetic Energy Recovery SystemIRJET Journal
This document presents the design and analysis of a flywheel-based kinetic energy recovery system for electric vehicles. It begins with an abstract describing the system, which uses a flywheel to store energy recovered from the wheels during braking through a clutch and belt drive system. The full assembly is designed in Solidworks CAD software and components are analyzed in ANSYS.
The introduction provides background on kinetic energy recovery systems and their benefits over traditional braking mechanisms in recovering up to 30% of lost energy. The literature review summarizes past work on similar flywheel-based systems and regenerative braking.
The methodology section outlines the design process, including schematics, calculations, and CAD modeling. It describes the working of
Performance Enhancement of PV Cooling System – using Modifying Air Conditioni...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on enhancing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) cooling systems using a modified air conditioning sizing approach. The key points are:
1) By using a smaller air conditioner size (e.g. 7 tons vs 10 tons) and higher air speeds, the study found solar fractions could be increased by 20-25% while still maintaining thermal comfort levels.
2) Analyzing annual load curves showed peak cooling loads above 75% capacity occurred over 90% of the time, suggesting air conditioners could be undersized.
3) Using a smaller air conditioner paired with higher ceiling fan speeds allowed indoor temperatures to be up to 3°C higher according to comfort standards
IRJET- Solar Power for Operating a Sprayer and House LightingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a solar-powered system to operate a sprayer for crop protection and provide house lighting. The system consists of three units: 1) a solar energy conversion and storage unit with a 17W solar panel, 12V lead-acid battery, and voltage regulator, 2) a spraying unit with a DC motor, diaphragm pump, spray tank and lance, and 3) a house lighting unit with three LED bulbs. Field tests found the solar panel's efficiency was 16% for power generation but only 7.48% for powering the motor. The system could fully charge the battery in 10.5 hours and power house lighting for the remainder of the year when not in
The document describes a modified pneumatic carriage bending machine. The machine was designed to automate the bending of rods for bicycle carriages using an electro-pneumatic system. This automation aims to reduce cycle time and costs while improving product quality compared to manual bending. Pneumatic systems use compressed air or gas to transmit power through hoses or pipes instead of mechanically or electrically. The new bending machine is expected to reduce worker fatigue from continuous operation and provide more consistent, precise bending compared to manual methods. An evaluation of the machine found it suitable for mass production of bicycle carriages.
Performance Analysis of Aerodynamic Design for Wind Turbine BladeIRJET Journal
1) Researchers in Nigeria designed and simulated a wind turbine blade in MATLAB to serve as an alternative energy source for a university faculty building.
2) The simulation analyzed how varying wind speed and tip speed ratio affected the blade's power output and power coefficient. It found that maximum power could be generated at 12m/s wind speed.
3) The results showed the blade could produce 150kW of power needed for the faculty at a wind speed of 9m/s, with a maximum theoretical power coefficient of 0.48, showing high wind energy utilization.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document describes research on compressed air engines. Compressed air engines compress and store air at high pressure, then use the stored pressurized air to power pistons instead of combusting fuel. Researchers have studied ways to improve efficiency, such as modifying piston designs and using multi-way valves. One study achieved an output power of 1.92 kW, torque of 56.55 N-m, and maximum efficiency of 25% using a 0.5L engine operating at 2MPa supply pressure. Compressed air engines reduce emissions by replacing fuel combustion and have potential applications in transportation and industrial machinery.
IRJET- Review on Power Charging Unit using Rotary Leverage SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review on using a rotary leverage system and flywheel energy storage to develop a power charging unit. It begins with an introduction describing the rotary leverage system and how oscillating a weighted arm can rotate a connected load arm to generate energy. This energy can be stored in a flywheel and discharged to a DC generator. The document then summarizes 12 research papers on related topics such as gravity power generation, flywheel energy storage applications, systems with efficiencies over 100%, and combining flywheels with batteries or supercapacitors. It concludes that using a rotary leverage system coupled with a flywheel could achieve over 100% efficiency by harnessing gravitational potential energy.
Flow regulation at constant head in feedwater pumps in a sugar industryIJECEIAES
In this paper the feasibility of energy saving by implementing flow regulation at constant load in feedwater pumps in a sugar industry is studied. As regulation strategy, the use of a variable speed drive in the hydraulic system is proposed. For the project evaluation, the Net Present Value and Payback Period techniques are used. Among the variables considered are the price of energy, the equipment useful life, financial data and those related to environmental impact. As a result, it was found that if only a commercial approach is considered, the energy saving strategy is profitable but not attractive, because investment is recovered in a period close to the useful life of technology. However, if a government focus that encourages the implementation of these energies saving strategies is considered, the investment of the project recovers in a short time.
This document summarizes an energy audit conducted on the electrical systems of a small-scale snack food processing plant in India. The audit found that motors used in operations like de-oiling, conveying, and flavoring were not optimally loaded. Illumination levels throughout the plant were also determined to be inefficient. Total annual electricity consumption for the plant was calculated to be 2,347 MWh. The audit suggested replacing oversized motors, improving motor load efficiency, and upgrading lighting systems to reduce annual electricity usage by over 650 MWh and lower operating costs. Conducting regular energy audits was recommended for identifying additional areas to cut energy waste and costs in food industry operations.
Micro Hydro Electricity Generation in S.T.P, A Case Study of S.T.P, Salawas-J...IRJET Journal
This document presents a case study of installing a micro hydro power plant (MHPP) at a sewage treatment plant (STP) in Jodhpur, India. It summarizes that a MHPP could be installed at the STP to harness the energy from the water flow. Based on the available flow rate of 0.3-0.6 m3/s and head of 1.5-2 m, a Kaplan turbine with an output of 11.32 kW was selected. It is estimated that this MHPP could generate 73,355 kWh of electricity annually. The investment cost is estimated to be Rs. 9,10,400 with a payback period of 1.5 years and
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Vertical Axis Wind TurbineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a vertical axis wind turbine. The authors used SolidWorks software to simulate and model different turbine designs. CFD analysis was conducted to analyze stress, force, pressure, and friction. A turbine was designed with PVC blades of 41mm radius, 3mm thickness, and 297mm length. This design was found to generate the highest drag force at lower wind velocities. The designed turbine was fabricated using PVC blades, an iron frame, and a 6V generator. Testing showed an output of 0.2V at 80mA for 7m/s winds. In conclusion, the simulated and fabricated vertical axis wind turbine design was found to perform well at capturing energy from low wind speeds.
Similar to IRJET- Energy Saving of a Commercial Building Jet Airways Godrej, BKC (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
AI for Legal Research with applications, toolsmahaffeycheryld
AI applications in legal research include rapid document analysis, case law review, and statute interpretation. AI-powered tools can sift through vast legal databases to find relevant precedents and citations, enhancing research accuracy and speed. They assist in legal writing by drafting and proofreading documents. Predictive analytics help foresee case outcomes based on historical data, aiding in strategic decision-making. AI also automates routine tasks like contract review and due diligence, freeing up lawyers to focus on complex legal issues. These applications make legal research more efficient, cost-effective, and accessible.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.