This document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential benefits. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation outcomes like safety, productivity, travel reliability and informed choices. Interest in ITS stems from problems caused by increasing traffic congestion. Common ITS technologies discussed include sensors, video detection, wireless communications and floating car data. Applications mentioned are electronic toll collection, eCall for emergency response, and automatic road enforcement using cameras. Benefits of ITS include reductions in accidents, travel time savings, lower emissions and fuel use, and lower agency costs.

1. Intelligent Transportation
SystemSubmitted by:
Wasim Kamran
25-CE-2012

2.  TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS
& THEIR SOLUTION

3. Introduction
Why
ITS?
Intelligent Transport
Technologies
Intelligent Transport Applications
Benefits of ITSBenefits of ITS
ConclusionConclusion
ContentsContents

4. The term Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
refers to information and communication
technology, applied to transport
infrastructure and vehicles, that improve
transport outcomes such as:
Transport Safety
Transport Productivity
Travel Reliability
Informed Travel Choices
Social Equity
 Introduction Introduction

5.  Interest in ITS comes from the problems caused by
traffic congestion.
 Traffic congestion has been worldwide as a result
of increased motorization, urbanization, population
growth, and changes in population density.
 Congestion reduces efficiency of transportation
infrastructure and increases travel time, air
pollution, and fuel consumption.
Why ITS?Why ITS?

6. Inductive Loop
Detection & Sensing
Technologies
Video Vehicle
Detection
Wireless
Communications
Computational
Technologies
Floating Car
Data/Floating Cellular
Data
 Intelligent Transport Technologies Intelligent Transport Technologies

7.  "Floating car" or "probe" data collection is a set of
relatively low-cost methods for obtaining travel time
and speed data for vehicles traveling along streets,
highways, freeways, and other transportation routes.
 Floating car data technology provides advantages
over other methods of traffic measurement:
 Less expensive than sensors or cameras
 More coverage (potentially including all locations and streets)
 Faster to set up and less maintenance
 Works in all weather conditions, including heavy rain
 Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data

8.  Technological advances in telecommunications and
information technology and inexpensive intelligent
sensing technologies, have enhanced the technical
capabilities that will facilitate motorist safety
benefits for intelligent transportation systems
globally.
 Sensing systems for ITS are vehicle- and
infrastructure-based networked systems.
Infrastructure sensors are indestructible devices
that are installed or embedded in the road or
surrounding the road, as required, and may be
manually diffused during preventive road
construction maintenance.
 Sensing Technologies Sensing Technologies

9. Sensing TechnologiesSensing Technologies

10.  Inductive loops can be placed in a roadbed to detect
vehicles as they pass through the loop's magnetic
field. The simplest detectors simply count the
number of vehicles during a unit of time (typically 60
seconds in the United States) that pass over the
loop
 While more sophisticated sensors estimate the
speed, length, and weight of vehicles and the
distance between them.
 Loops can be placed in a single lane or across
multiple lanes, and they work with very slow or
stopped vehicles as well as vehicles moving at high-
speed.
 Inductive Loop Detection Inductive Loop Detection

11. Contd.Contd.

12.  Intelligent Transport Applications Intelligent Transport Applications

13. Today, most toll roads are
equipped with an electronic
toll-collection system, like
E-Z Pass, that detects and
processes tolls electronically.
E-Z Pass uses a vehicle-
mounted transponder that is
activated by an antenna on a
toll lane. Your account
information is stored in the
transponder. The antenna
dentifies your transponder and
reads your account
information. The amount of
the toll is deducted and you're
allowed through.
Electronic Toll CollectionElectronic Toll Collection

14.  eCall eCall

15.  Speed cameras :that identify vehicles traveling over
the legal speed limit. Many such devices use radar
to detect a vehicle's speed or electromagnetic loops
buried in each lane of the road.
 Red light cameras :that detect vehicles that cross a
stop line or designated stopping place while a red
traffic light is showing.
 Bus lane cameras :that identify vehicles traveling in
lanes reserved for buses. In some jurisdictions, bus
lanes can also be used by taxis or vehicles engaged
in car pooling.
 Level crossing cameras: that identify vehicles
crossing railways at grade illegally.
 High-occupancy vehicle lane cameras: for that
identify vehicles violating HOV requirements.
 Automatic Road Enforcement Automatic Road Enforcement

16.  Collision Avoidance Systems Collision Avoidance Systems

17. Accident Cost Savings (44%)
Time Savings (41%)
Emissions/Fuel (6%)
Operating Cost Savings (5%)
Agency Cost Savings (4%)
Other (< 1%)
Source : Apogee Report on Global ITS Benefits
Projected ITS Infrastructure Benefits
(1996-2015)
Projected ITS Infrastructure Benefits
(1996-2015)

18. Traffic congestion is an important problem in Indian
cities. The characteristics of Indian roads and traffic
make the problem interesting to solve. There is
scope for evaluating existing ideas in different and
challenging traffic scenario.
 Conclusion Conclusion