This document discusses intelligent electrical systems as a prerequisite for achieving smart grids. It defines intelligent electrical systems as IT-enabled networks that provide real-time operational efficiency through components like self-healing networks, dynamic network models, and business integration frameworks. These systems establish interconnected network models from transmission to consumption and enable functions like automated fault detection and restoration. The technologies discussed support reliability improvements, asset optimization, and customer participation. Intelligent electrical systems provide utilities preliminary smart grid capabilities and a path toward more advanced solutions.
the solar panels are the primary source of the solar equipment which helps in trapping the solar energy. the performance of the solar panels vary. check the types of solar panles in these slides
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
MicroGrid and Energy Storage System COMPLETE DETAILS NEW PPT Abin Baby
A microgrid is a localized grouping of electricity generation, energy storage, and loads that normally operates connected to a traditional centralized grid (macrogrid). This single point of common coupling with the macrogrid can be disconnected. The microgrid can then function autonomously. Generation and loads in a microgrid are usually interconnected at low voltage. From the point of view of the grid operator, a connected microgrid can be controlled as if it were one entity.
Microgrid generation resources can include fuel cells, wind, solar, or other energy sources. The multiple dispersed generation sources and ability to isolate the microgrid from a larger network would provide highly reliable electric power. Produced heat from generation sources such as micro turbines could be used for local process heating or space heating, allowing flexible trade off between the needs for heat and electric power.
the solar panels are the primary source of the solar equipment which helps in trapping the solar energy. the performance of the solar panels vary. check the types of solar panles in these slides
A smart meter is an electronic device
that records information such as
consumption of electric energy, voltage
levels, current, and power factor. Smart
meters communicate the information to
the consumer for greater clarity of
consumption behavior, and electricity
suppliers for system monitoring and
customer billing.
MicroGrid and Energy Storage System COMPLETE DETAILS NEW PPT Abin Baby
A microgrid is a localized grouping of electricity generation, energy storage, and loads that normally operates connected to a traditional centralized grid (macrogrid). This single point of common coupling with the macrogrid can be disconnected. The microgrid can then function autonomously. Generation and loads in a microgrid are usually interconnected at low voltage. From the point of view of the grid operator, a connected microgrid can be controlled as if it were one entity.
Microgrid generation resources can include fuel cells, wind, solar, or other energy sources. The multiple dispersed generation sources and ability to isolate the microgrid from a larger network would provide highly reliable electric power. Produced heat from generation sources such as micro turbines could be used for local process heating or space heating, allowing flexible trade off between the needs for heat and electric power.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
Now in day to day life we have seen that every thing is in digitilized form so this this presentation is ol about the evolution of meter into automatic meter with many technologies.
Its quiet intresting topic and very vast topic too.
The project “Design a Talking Energy Meter based on Microcontroller” is design such that whenever the usage of energy exceeds the threshold value which is set by user, it announces an alert message which was already predefined in the voice circuit. The SMS of monthly billing status is also sends on user’s mobile number which is mentioned in program.
Presentation describes the dynamics and regulatory issues of electric power system evolution with the proliferation of distribution-connected energy resources (DER). Focuses on impacts of transportation and building electrification, rising concern about community resilience, and central roles of urban planning, local governments and community choice energy in achieving state environmental goals. Applies principles of system architecture, layered control and optimization.
seminar on SMART GRID is the best seminar of my branch
technology based on smart to integration of information technology on traditional power system
It may be best to understood Smart Grid as the overlaying of a unified communications and control system on the existing power delivery infrastructure to provide the right information to the right entity (e.g. end-use devices, transmission and distribution, system controls, customers, etc.) at the right time to take the right action. It is a system that optimizes power supply and delivery, minimizes losses, is self-healing, and enables next-generation energy efficiency and demand response applications.
To have connections between suppliers, distributors and consumers.
In definition, Smart Grid is a form of electricity network utilizing digital technology.
Its delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using two-way digital communications to control appliances at consumers' homes; which in deed will saving the energy, reduce costs and increase reliability.
A key feature of the smart grid is automation technology that lets the utility adjust and control each individual device or millions of devices from a central location.
A Smart Grid must functions as followings
1. Be able to heal itself
Smart Grid is designed with a control system that self-analyzes its performance using intelligent autonomous reinforcement learning controllers that are able to learn new strategies and successfully implementing such strategies to govern the behavior of the grid in the face of an ever changing environment such as equipment failures.
2. Motivate consumers to actively participate in operations of the grid
If consumers have freedom to control own usage of energy, they will be motivated to participate and be part of the system. They can monitor their usage and manipulate by the assistance of “smart appliances” and “intelligent equipment” in homes or businesses. Advanced communications capabilities equip customers with tools to exploit real-time electricity pricing, incentive-based load reduction signals, or emergency load reduction signals.
3. Resist attack
Most important issues of resist attack is the smart monitoring of power grids, which is the basis of control and management of smart grids to avoid or mitigate the system-wide disruptions like blackouts.
4. Accommodate all energy generation and storage options
Smart Grid integrates two power generation source; traditional power generation likes fossil fuel powered power plant with renewable power generations either generates from residential, commercial, and industrial customers that will improves reliability and power quality, reduces electricity costs, and offers more customer choice.
5. High quality power
Outages and power quality issues is common for any country especially for major industrial-based countries. Smart Grid provides more stable power provided that will reduce downtime and prevent such high losses because of
The presented lectures are related to the Distribution generation and smart grid. Further,suggestions are highly welcomed for the modifications of the lecture.
Latest Electrical Mini Projects For EEE Studentselprocus
Simple Mini Projects For EEE Can Be Implemented By Using Microcontroller And Different Technologies. We Hope That Our Innovative Projects For EEE Students Offer Immense Help And Make Them Select Suitable Projects For Their Project Work.
https://www.elprocus.com
Visit our page to get more ideas on Electrical Mini Projects developed by professionals.
Elprocus provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
Seminar on AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEMRAKSHSAH
this is the seminar presentation of automatic solar tracking system ,here i have present how it work and advantages and other things related to this.this presentation is our third year{pre finial year } presentation
so guys i hope you like this presentation
Electrical Power System Management becomes an important aspect when it comes to Deregulated market comprising of Generation, Transmission and Distribution. It gives basic understanding of the principles of Power System operation like Voltage Control, etc.
Intelligent Electric Power Management Using Zigbee with Advanced Metering Inf...Akbar Badusha
This project mainly focuses on reduction of power cut and power theft. The main reason for the power cut is shortage of power in the generation unit. We can rectify this problem through our project.
Whenever the generation falls behind a particular limit (it is set initially by EB) the power management system will automatically switched on. Power will be supplied to only the basic necessary equipment (as stated in the priority list) power to other load will be stopped so that huge amount of power can be saved without power cut.
In our project, this is achieved using NS2 software and using ZIGBEE. Whenever generation falls below the particular value, then the load will be automatically switched off based on priority. And it can also be done through an interrupt. Through ZIGBEE command the interrupt will be sent to microcontroller to cut the power to the particular load.
When microcontroller receiving the command, the relay will cut the power to the equipment. So the power will be saved.
In this project,the method to detect and to control the power theft is also stated. Other methods of power theft like damaging, by passing electrical power meter can also be detected and can be punished.
Man power can also be reduced. The power usage of the customer will be automatically updated in the EB station so there is no need of man power to take meter reading in the user side. After every two months the reading will be automatically resetted.
A power point presentation on smart grid : transforming the traditional grid including difference with traditonal grid ,components , advantage , disadvantages.
Now in day to day life we have seen that every thing is in digitilized form so this this presentation is ol about the evolution of meter into automatic meter with many technologies.
Its quiet intresting topic and very vast topic too.
The project “Design a Talking Energy Meter based on Microcontroller” is design such that whenever the usage of energy exceeds the threshold value which is set by user, it announces an alert message which was already predefined in the voice circuit. The SMS of monthly billing status is also sends on user’s mobile number which is mentioned in program.
Presentation describes the dynamics and regulatory issues of electric power system evolution with the proliferation of distribution-connected energy resources (DER). Focuses on impacts of transportation and building electrification, rising concern about community resilience, and central roles of urban planning, local governments and community choice energy in achieving state environmental goals. Applies principles of system architecture, layered control and optimization.
seminar on SMART GRID is the best seminar of my branch
technology based on smart to integration of information technology on traditional power system
It may be best to understood Smart Grid as the overlaying of a unified communications and control system on the existing power delivery infrastructure to provide the right information to the right entity (e.g. end-use devices, transmission and distribution, system controls, customers, etc.) at the right time to take the right action. It is a system that optimizes power supply and delivery, minimizes losses, is self-healing, and enables next-generation energy efficiency and demand response applications.
To have connections between suppliers, distributors and consumers.
In definition, Smart Grid is a form of electricity network utilizing digital technology.
Its delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using two-way digital communications to control appliances at consumers' homes; which in deed will saving the energy, reduce costs and increase reliability.
A key feature of the smart grid is automation technology that lets the utility adjust and control each individual device or millions of devices from a central location.
A Smart Grid must functions as followings
1. Be able to heal itself
Smart Grid is designed with a control system that self-analyzes its performance using intelligent autonomous reinforcement learning controllers that are able to learn new strategies and successfully implementing such strategies to govern the behavior of the grid in the face of an ever changing environment such as equipment failures.
2. Motivate consumers to actively participate in operations of the grid
If consumers have freedom to control own usage of energy, they will be motivated to participate and be part of the system. They can monitor their usage and manipulate by the assistance of “smart appliances” and “intelligent equipment” in homes or businesses. Advanced communications capabilities equip customers with tools to exploit real-time electricity pricing, incentive-based load reduction signals, or emergency load reduction signals.
3. Resist attack
Most important issues of resist attack is the smart monitoring of power grids, which is the basis of control and management of smart grids to avoid or mitigate the system-wide disruptions like blackouts.
4. Accommodate all energy generation and storage options
Smart Grid integrates two power generation source; traditional power generation likes fossil fuel powered power plant with renewable power generations either generates from residential, commercial, and industrial customers that will improves reliability and power quality, reduces electricity costs, and offers more customer choice.
5. High quality power
Outages and power quality issues is common for any country especially for major industrial-based countries. Smart Grid provides more stable power provided that will reduce downtime and prevent such high losses because of
The presented lectures are related to the Distribution generation and smart grid. Further,suggestions are highly welcomed for the modifications of the lecture.
Latest Electrical Mini Projects For EEE Studentselprocus
Simple Mini Projects For EEE Can Be Implemented By Using Microcontroller And Different Technologies. We Hope That Our Innovative Projects For EEE Students Offer Immense Help And Make Them Select Suitable Projects For Their Project Work.
https://www.elprocus.com
Visit our page to get more ideas on Electrical Mini Projects developed by professionals.
Elprocus provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
Seminar on AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEMRAKSHSAH
this is the seminar presentation of automatic solar tracking system ,here i have present how it work and advantages and other things related to this.this presentation is our third year{pre finial year } presentation
so guys i hope you like this presentation
Electrical Power System Management becomes an important aspect when it comes to Deregulated market comprising of Generation, Transmission and Distribution. It gives basic understanding of the principles of Power System operation like Voltage Control, etc.
Intelligent Electric Power Management Using Zigbee with Advanced Metering Inf...Akbar Badusha
This project mainly focuses on reduction of power cut and power theft. The main reason for the power cut is shortage of power in the generation unit. We can rectify this problem through our project.
Whenever the generation falls behind a particular limit (it is set initially by EB) the power management system will automatically switched on. Power will be supplied to only the basic necessary equipment (as stated in the priority list) power to other load will be stopped so that huge amount of power can be saved without power cut.
In our project, this is achieved using NS2 software and using ZIGBEE. Whenever generation falls below the particular value, then the load will be automatically switched off based on priority. And it can also be done through an interrupt. Through ZIGBEE command the interrupt will be sent to microcontroller to cut the power to the particular load.
When microcontroller receiving the command, the relay will cut the power to the equipment. So the power will be saved.
In this project,the method to detect and to control the power theft is also stated. Other methods of power theft like damaging, by passing electrical power meter can also be detected and can be punished.
Man power can also be reduced. The power usage of the customer will be automatically updated in the EB station so there is no need of man power to take meter reading in the user side. After every two months the reading will be automatically resetted.
Energy Management and the Evolution of Intelligent Motor Control and Drives @...ARC Advisory Group
Energy Management and the Evolution of Intelligent Motor Control and Drives @ ARC's 2011 Industry Forum by Craig Resnick.
Intelligent motor control & drives once provided a safe, flexible & centralized means to control & protect motors
•Today, these devices have evolved to ‘smart’ energy managers that bring advances ranging from complex drive systems to basic control of fan or pump motors
•In high demand where uptime & equipment reliability are critical, in applications where even a short period of downtime can prove extremely costly & damaging
•These devices perform critical protective & troubleshooting functions & detailed diagnostics to help improve productivity & minimize downtime
Thirty states in the United States have renewable portfolio standards. The U.S. EPA is targeting many coal plants for shutdown. Electricity rates may rise 50% in five years. Electric vehicles could add significant strain to an aging infrastructure. Wind and solar could add significant instability to power quality and reliability. Demand response (DR) is the answer to remaining globally competitive in an uncertain energy future. Once a novel way to earn extra cash, DR is rapidly becoming a key competitive strategy as utilities realize they must encourage more interaction with customers. Explore the evolving world of DR and how to plan for it. Copyright AIST Reprinted with Permission
Intelligent Energy Management Systems for Multi-Facility OperationsBAYweb
-- How other operators are implementing intelligent energy management controls across their facilities
-- How smart data is used to cut energy and repair costs
-- How monitoring prevents breakdowns and maximizes efficiency
since our electrical system consists of many interconnections .in order to have a proper transmission we need grid if we incorporate some sensors it results in smart grid .today grid system consists of all interconnection tapping points
Key Aspect for Approach of Smart Grid Design Systemijtsrd
With development of smart grid technology, power generation and distribution network acts as new brain in this field. In this technology, the network will not only get going to integrated and set communicable all over the country but its demand will be tracked by the control centers in different aspect and at high time the usage of power is going to cost higher than the actual rate with intimation given to the customer through notification via sms or email. Through this research, the designing for Smart Grids was inspected from a logical aspect, monitoring its behavioral, and physical, and must observe the optimal integration of entire system. From the conventional distribution system, we can see the designed for the control of all the constituents as observe to be autonomous with each other. Thus, centralization in control and consolidated functionality are the main challenges discover by the distribution system. To minimize these matter of concern, the term ""distribution system and its responsibilities"" came into effect by using information and communications technology ICT to power the resolution in circulating distribution system. For preparing the outline in this aspect, this paper aims to present a layout in initiating smart grid technology and responsibilities. In contrast we argue to design an interest in the field of Smart Grid. Ashish Gangwar | Sadaf Qasim ""Key Aspect for Approach of Smart Grid Design System"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29840.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29840/key-aspect-for-approach-of-smart-grid-design-system/ashish-gangwar
this slide shows what is smart grid ,its comparison between the electromechanical grids . smart meters and devises for the smart grid . benefit of smart grid . and a conclution
Importance of Measurements in Smart GridIJERD Editor
- The need to get reliable supply, independence from fossil fuels, and capability to provide clean
energy at a fixed and lower cost, the existing power grid structure is transforming into Smart Grid. The
development of a smart energy distribution grid is a current goal of many nations. A Smart Grid should have
new capabilities such as self-healing, high reliability, energy management, and real-time pricing. This new era
of smart future grid will lead to major changes in existing technologies at generation, transmission and
distribution levels. The incorporation of renewable energy resources and distribution generators in the existing
grid will increase the complexity, optimization problems and instability of the system. This will lead to a
paradigm shift in the instrumentation and control requirements for Smart Grids for high quality, stable and
reliable electricity supply of power. The monitoring of the grid system state and stability relies on the
availability of reliable measurement of data. In this paper the measurement areas that highlight new
measurement challenges, development of the Smart Meters and the critical parameters of electric energy to be
monitored for improving the reliability of power systems has been discussed.
smart grid is not a single concept but rather a combination of technologies and methods intended to modernize the existing grid in order to improve flexibility, availability, energy efficiency, and costs
The definition of the "Smart Grid" is something that is taking shape. Utility professionals concur on some aspects and ideas of what the smart grid should be, but there are still grey areas that, however, promise to become clearer soon.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction .......................................................................................... 3
2. Step towards Smart Grid – The Intelligent Electrical System................. 3
3. What is an Intelligent Electrical System?................................................4
4. Components of Intelligent Electrical System..........................................5
4.1 Self Healing Network .....................................................................................................................5
4.2 Dynamic Network Model............................................................................................................... 5
4.3 Business Integration Framework ...................................................................................................6
5. How does technology fit in?.................................................................. 7
6. Benefits ................................................................................................. 8
7. Approach ...............................................................................................9
8. Conclusion........ .....................................................................................9
9. Appendix..............................................................................................10
9.1 References............. ..................................................................................................................... 10
9.2 About the Author.........................................................................................................................10
3. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
This whitepaper presents the thoughts for transforming “as-built” electrical connectivity data into an intelligent electrical system
for “smart-grid-compliant” operational systems. Intelligent Electrical System being proposed is an IT-enabled, information-led,
electrical network that provides more reasons and opportunities for better operational efficiency. It establishes and continually
verifies electrical connectivity between primary devices to meters by improvising the AMI devices. This new system enables self
diagnosis and establishes the voyage towards self healing network. The system architecture being proposed further empowers
utilities in optimizing resource utilization and enhanced customer satisfaction by integrating geospatial and grid semantic data
with the system components like Outage Management System, Load Management etc.
The discussion will address various components, technologies and principles for the working models. It will also address the
benefits and challenges of establishing such amodel to operate in a run time environment.
Introduction
Transmission and distribution systems across most parts of the sphere are still operating on network designs and control
philosophies that are decades old. The electric networks are steadfastly approaching their limits and facing acute concerns as far
as reliability, scalability, quality and security is concerned. No economy, howsoever developed, can sustain its competitiveness
and voyage in the growth path without the reliable, secure and digital-quality electric power. In their efforts to approach this
desired state of network operations, utilities are keeping tab on a bigger concept, i.e., Smart Grid. Smart Grid concept is creating
lot of interest among the stakeholders and the efforts are continuously being made towards preparing the roadmap to achieve
it. Unfortunately, when it comes to Smart Grid roadmap, one size doesn’t fit all! Each utility has to devise its own roadmap and
identify milestones towards achieving Smart Grid.
Smart grid has been recognized as a way of addressing energy independence or
global warming issues and therefore, it is being promoted by many governments. The
then President-elect; now President Barack Obama asked the US Congress "to act
without delay" to pass legislation that included doubling alternative energy
production in the next three years and building a new electricity "smart grid".
Step towards Smart Grid – The Intelligent Electrical System
It has been widely accepted that Smart Grid is a concept and it will continue to evolve. Utilities need not wait for the ‘Smart-
grid-has-arrived’ stage and should continue their efforts towards accomplishing other practical solutions that will provide
immediate benefits as well as prepare them to embrace comprehensive Smart grid technologies, covering wider perspective.
3 | www.wipro.com/industryresearch
WIPRO TECHNOLOGIES
4. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Intelligent Electrical System is an approach in the similar direction. This system would be a pre-cursor for the utilities, enabling
them to implement currently available and more matured solutions that will put the utilities in the path to achieve
comprehensive Smart Grid, going forward. The benefit will be that utilities can right away embark on the journey towards
reliable production and delivery of energy to customers through real-time, automated control systems. Table below provides a
comparison of the benefits of implementing Intelligent Electrical System vis-a-vis Smart Grid. Table 1: Comparison of the
benefits of implementing Intelligent Electrical System vis-a-vis Smart Grid.
Characteristics Intelligent Electric System Smart Grid
Self Heal Partial Enablement
Facilitate Customer Participation
Optimize Asset Utilization
Distributed Generation Resources Partial Enablement
Demand Response &
Demand Side Management
Resists Attack
Digital Quality Power
What is an Intelligent Electrical System?
Currently, due to lack of real-time information the customer comes to know about the energy usage only when the billing cycle
is triggered, that could be anything up to 60 days in certain geographies. Other aspects of lack in information could be issues in
collecting and analyzing load condition of T&D assets, locating exact fault location in case of outages, and slower response for
restoration. It all leads toward unexpected breakdowns, longer outages, slower restoration and un-informed customer.
Leading utilities across the globe are striving for establishing a fully inter-connected electrical network
system that enables reliable production and delivery of energy to customers through real-time,
automated control systems. Intelligent Electrical system is an overlay of information-oriented software
and services on top of the existing infrastructure. It is an IT-enabled, information-led electrical network
that provides more reasons and opportunities for customer participation and better operational
efficiency.
Establishing intelligent electrical system will require the utilities to establish:
Electrical
? grid with series of intelligent devices that can perform self diagnosis and report troubles to the control centre.
Network
? connectivity model and continuously verify electrical connectivity between primary devices to meters, by
improvising AMI devices.
Business
? integration framework to leverage and connect systems for load management, outage management and energy
management.
It establishes an electrically connected network right from the transmission station to the metering point in the customers’
premise and is a practical sub-set of the integrated concepts of Smart Grid, using comprehensive GIS and AMI/MDM systems.
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WIPRO TECHNOLOGIES
5. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Components of Intelligent Electrical System
Self Healing Network
One of the important constituents of intelligent electrical system is the self healing network.Establishing the self healing network
will include replacing traditional energy metering devices with Smart Meters and series of other intelligent devices on the key
assets in the network. It will allow the utility and the customers to automate the information flow and implementing control
mechanism for optimizing the service delivery and enhancing customer experience.
The exercise will be to deploy series of intelligent devices for monitoring all aspects of the power system by placing sensory
devices on key assets, allowing for self diagnostics of the network in case of system disturbances, suggesting corrective actions
and/or taking automated corrective actions. Advanced metering and sensory technologies will support such an objective by
automating customer service delivery and optimizing energy management. It will support and provide features to the grid for
allowing self diagnostics of the network and initiate the process of self healing and demand side management. Implementation
of self healing network will also need implementation of business integration framework and infrastructure to enable
bi-directional flow of information across the network and control centers.
Dynamic Network Model
Electric network model establishes electrical connectivity from the consumption meter at the end point to the highest level
transmission substations by placing all utility assets in a comprehensive GIS system and establishing the inter-connectivity
between these assets. GIS system acts as foundation for collecting information and attributes about all key assets and displays
them graphically on a contiguous land base. These asset attributes are further utilized to generate connectivity models which
serve as a basis for fault diagnostics using the Outage Management Systems (OMS).
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WIPRO TECHNOLOGIES
6. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Furthermore, once established, the connectivity model continuously gets feeds during normal operations of the network and
especially during catastrophic outages such as a storm. Utilities need to transform static, as-built GIS data into dynamic network
model. The system should provide outage analysis on geographic landscape and should be able to support applications like real
time network analysis and remote switching.
The connectivity models along with smart monitoring devices also help significantly enhance utility’s ability to identify and
rectify outages. The capabilities can be used to verify exact location and extent of outages as well as optimized mobilization of
mobile field force to assist in power restoration. In case of catastrophic outages, utility can assess which customer segments are
rectified and which are not, and improve customer awareness by publishing appropriate data for viewing.
Business Integration Framework
Collection of the necessary bytes of information from diverse sources will act as the backbone for the entire system architecture.
Utilities need to orchestrate business data by establishing an integration framework and building a communication network.
Enterprise integration framework would include both, the data integration as well as process integration from the various
sources of business and data processing applications.
Further to this, another important aspect in all these developments is to support both interoperability and interconnectivity.
Interoperability supports deploying manufacturer agnostic communication enablement between the devices. It supports utilities
in adopting the products and services from the most competitive vendor and de-risks dependency on any particular technology.
Industry-wide datastandards like MultiSpeak and Common Information Model (CIM) comes to rescue for the utility to facilitate
interoperability of diverse applications.
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7. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Interconnectivity would support communication enablement with the devices and applications, at both ends of the energy
supply chain. It would facilitate utilities to adopt remotely drive demand side management, demand response and
onnection/disconnection of services.
Utilities should adopt Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and other standard technologies for open
integration while building the integration platform. This would help in easy integration of existing
enterprise applications as well as future enhancements and third-party applications.
Host of telecommunication technologies (For Example, Internet2, Ethernet over fiber, BPL, 4G WiMax, CDMA, GSM, iDEN, 3G
Wireless Voice & Data, WiFi-Wireless, ZigBee, Zensys, WiMedia) are available in market for enterprise backbone, Wide Area
Networks (WAN) and Home Area Networks (HAN). Selection of a particular technology and/or combination of those is
dependent on the current application landscape as well as the geography over which a utility’s customers are spread.
How does technology fit in?
There is a huge potential for improved service delivery and enhanced customer experience in the utilities industry. As discussed
in the earlier section, lack of integrated flow of information across the teams and last mile visibility of the network poses great
challenge to the utilities. Technology here has a significant role to play. Integration of applications like Distribution Management
System, Energy management System, Geographic Information System, Outage Management System, AMI/MDM, and
Work Management facilitate leveraging modern computing capabilities to deliver highly actionable information to a wide range
of users, all while meeting the organization’s increasing need for real-time information. Advanced capabilities such as network
monitoring, contingency analysis, fault handling can go far in giving utilities the power to be successful.
An illustrative view of integrated technology landscape is shown below:
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8. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Benefits
Utilities will experience significant improvement in system reliability, asset utilization and customer satisfaction. The information
network will bring together the necessary bytes from diverse sources, needed to manage distribution network, while
maintaining reliability and quality of supply.
The power of intelligence, unleashed by exploiting integrated information, will help utilities to:
? a fully inter-connected single, contiguous model of transmission, distribution and substation assets that enhances
Establish
reliability of energy supply and power quality to the customer.
? a hierarchical electrical network model with the capability to perform self-diagnosis,suggesting corrective actions
Establish
and reporting to the central control room.
?
Trace geographic network; identify exact fault location; its extent, and thus faster restoration for lower CML (Customer
Minutes Lost).
?
Support conflict resolution, design alternatives and managing right-of-way.
? integration framework for Intelligent Circuit and Outage Management systems.
Establish
?
Achieve Service-Oriented integration of services and applications needed to flexibly support utility processes.
?demand side management and facilitates customer participation.
Improve
?asset utilization by deploying condition monitoring of critical parameters, condition based maintenance and
Improve
dynamic adjustment of operating limits.
?
Cost savings due to greater visibility, predictive maintenance, reduced outages, faster restoration and improved asset
utilization.
?
Achieve the pre-requisite for establishing a comprehensive Smart Grid ecosystem by marching towards operations
excellence, environment friendliness, and reliability & quality of supply.
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9. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Approach
The utility should examine the maturity of its electrical network, presence of smart devices (meters, network monitors etc.) and
identify opportunities to establish an intelligent electrical system. Approach should also aim towards identifying already present
suggested components and the possibility to effectively integrate information silos that might be present.
The three essential steps in achieving an intelligent electrical system are::
Conclusion
The intelligent electrical system provides thee utilities real-time information of thee network and the energy supply. It provides
opportunity to identify exact fault location and more organised restoration activity. It enables the customer with most updated
information and facilitates their participation in energy utilisation.
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10. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
Appendix
References
Books
[2008]. The Smart Grid: An Introduction, U.S. Department of Energy.
Journals
? Ipakchi, Implementing the Smart Grid: Enterprise Information Integration
[2007]. Ali
[2008]. Eric Lightner, U.S. Department of Energy Evolution and Progress of Smart Grid Development at the Department of
?
Energy
? Miller, EEI Annual Convention. The Smart Grid – Benefits and Challenges
[2008]. Joe
Site References
[2008]. Stephen Hadden, Shannon Messer. A Useful Thing Happened on the Way to the Smart Grid: the Agile Grid Web site:
?
http://www.energycentral.com/Topics/T&D Automation/News 7 Editorial/Industry Article
About the Author
Manvendra Tewari is a Domain Consultant working with Wipro’s Energy & Utilities Domain
Consulting Group. He has extensive experience working in energy & utilities domain, both as a business user as well as
consultant. He has been part of various large implementations for operational and support systems and is well aware of the
processes and best practices involved. He can be reached at manvendra.tewari@wipro.com.
Wipro in Energy & Utilities
The Energy and Utility division of Wipro Technologies is one among the Top 10 IT solution providers to the EE & U industry
across the globe. The Energy & Utilities business unit has worked with over 75 top Energy and Utility companies across North
America and Europe in regulated as well as deregulated markets providing solutions in areas such as Customer Carre, Billing and
Settlement, Work and Asset Management and Grid Operations covering all industry sectors --- Electricity, Gas, Oil and Water.
The cumulative experience of over 5,500 person years spans IT Consulting, Systems Integration, Business Process Outsourcing,
Application Development and Application Management services.
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11. Intelligent Electrical System: A Pre-requisite to Smart Grid
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