Rapid prototyping is impacting medicine in several ways such as designing and developing medical devices, planning complex surgeries, surgical simulation, diagnosis, and manufacturing implants and tools. This document discusses the history and basic principles of rapid prototyping processes. It explores applications in orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, and tissue engineering. Recent trends include using rapid prototyping to plan the separation of conjoined twins. The future of rapid prototyping in medicine depends on improvements in speed, cost, accuracy, biomaterials, and collaboration between medical professionals and engineers.
The document discusses various applications of 3D printing in the medical field, including hearing aids, surgical guides and tools, prosthetics, surgical learning tools, implants, modeling patient anatomy, and bandages. It outlines how 3D printing allows for customization, presurgical planning, education and training, testing of medical devices, and more personalized treatment options in a safe, cost-effective manner.
3D printing technology for medical applications.pdfRamesh S P Ramesh
This document summarizes 3D printing technology methods, biomedical applications, future opportunities, and trends. It discusses how 3D printing works by adding layers of material to create 3D objects from digital designs. The document outlines various 3D printing methods and materials used. It describes applications of 3D printing in biomedical fields like surgery, medical devices, tissue engineering, and organ printing. The document concludes by discussing expected future developments and trends in using 3D printing for more biomedical applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
IRJET- Performance Analysis of Lung Disease Detection and ClassificationIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance analysis of lung disease detection and classification using computed tomography (CT) scans. It begins with an introduction on the importance of early and accurate diagnosis of lung diseases. The study then describes the various steps involved - image acquisition, preprocessing, lung region extraction, identification of affected lung side, segmentation using thresholding and morphological methods, feature extraction of texture features, and classification using K-nearest neighbors. Performance metrics like accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity are evaluated. Finally, the study concludes that the proposed automatic system achieved accurate classification of segmented lung diseases.
This document reviews recent trends in the use of 3D printing in dentistry. It discusses several common 3D printing technologies including stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, photopolymer jetting, and powder binder printing. For each technology, it describes the basic printing process and provides examples of dental applications such as producing drill guides, dental models, and frameworks. The document concludes that 3D printing is becoming increasingly important in fields like orthodontics, restorative dentistry, and maxillofacial surgery by enabling the construction of customized anatomical models and guides to assist with complex treatment planning and surgical procedures.
Additive manufacturing file formats or 3D file formatsAmolGilorkar
STL is the most commonly used 3D file format. But due to its limitations many file formats are developed such as AMF, OBJ, 3MF, VRML etc. In this ppt i discuss STL and AMF file formats only in brief.
A 3D printer fabricates physical models from computer-aided design files by depositing materials layer by layer. It can produce models of skulls, mandibles, maxillae and teeth from CT scan data for uses such as surgical planning, research, and teaching. The process involves capturing a CT scan, converting the data to an STL file, and producing the 3D model using a printer that works by laying down a binder pattern on a powder surface in a build chamber in a series of thin layers.
The document discusses various applications of 3D printing in the medical field, including hearing aids, surgical guides and tools, prosthetics, surgical learning tools, implants, modeling patient anatomy, and bandages. It outlines how 3D printing allows for customization, presurgical planning, education and training, testing of medical devices, and more personalized treatment options in a safe, cost-effective manner.
3D printing technology for medical applications.pdfRamesh S P Ramesh
This document summarizes 3D printing technology methods, biomedical applications, future opportunities, and trends. It discusses how 3D printing works by adding layers of material to create 3D objects from digital designs. The document outlines various 3D printing methods and materials used. It describes applications of 3D printing in biomedical fields like surgery, medical devices, tissue engineering, and organ printing. The document concludes by discussing expected future developments and trends in using 3D printing for more biomedical applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Power from the burnt gases in the combustion chamber is delivered to the crankshaft through the piston, piston pin and connecting rod. The crankshaft changes reciprocating motion of the piston in cylinder to the rotary motion of the flywheel. Crankshaft is designed for multi cylinder engine and its 3D model is created using modeling software CATIA V5R20.The 3D printer prints the CATIA design layer by layer forming a real object. 3D printing process is derived from inkjet desktop printers in which multiple deposit jets and the printing material, layer by layer derived from the CATIA data. 3D printing significantly challenges mass production processes in the future. This type of printing is predicted to influence industries, like automotive, medical, education, equipment, consumer products industries and various businesses. T. Venkata Ramana | Sagam Kunta Subhash | Sangem Devendra Kumar | Vanga Balakrishna ""Modelling and 3D Printing of Crankshaft"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23224.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23224/modelling-and-3d-printing-of-crankshaft/t-venkata-ramana
IRJET- Performance Analysis of Lung Disease Detection and ClassificationIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance analysis of lung disease detection and classification using computed tomography (CT) scans. It begins with an introduction on the importance of early and accurate diagnosis of lung diseases. The study then describes the various steps involved - image acquisition, preprocessing, lung region extraction, identification of affected lung side, segmentation using thresholding and morphological methods, feature extraction of texture features, and classification using K-nearest neighbors. Performance metrics like accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity are evaluated. Finally, the study concludes that the proposed automatic system achieved accurate classification of segmented lung diseases.
This document reviews recent trends in the use of 3D printing in dentistry. It discusses several common 3D printing technologies including stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, photopolymer jetting, and powder binder printing. For each technology, it describes the basic printing process and provides examples of dental applications such as producing drill guides, dental models, and frameworks. The document concludes that 3D printing is becoming increasingly important in fields like orthodontics, restorative dentistry, and maxillofacial surgery by enabling the construction of customized anatomical models and guides to assist with complex treatment planning and surgical procedures.
Additive manufacturing file formats or 3D file formatsAmolGilorkar
STL is the most commonly used 3D file format. But due to its limitations many file formats are developed such as AMF, OBJ, 3MF, VRML etc. In this ppt i discuss STL and AMF file formats only in brief.
A 3D printer fabricates physical models from computer-aided design files by depositing materials layer by layer. It can produce models of skulls, mandibles, maxillae and teeth from CT scan data for uses such as surgical planning, research, and teaching. The process involves capturing a CT scan, converting the data to an STL file, and producing the 3D model using a printer that works by laying down a binder pattern on a powder surface in a build chamber in a series of thin layers.
3D printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing, builds objects layer by layer under computer control. It is increasingly being used in the aerospace industry to produce complex parts. While 3D printing allows greater design flexibility and lower costs than traditional manufacturing, wider adoption is limited by issues like speed of production and reliability testing of printed parts. Future advances may enable on-demand printing of replacement parts in space and the mass production of entire aircraft structures with 3D printing.
Design and Evaluation of Ankle Reconstructionijtsrd
Ankle reconstruction is a fairly new concept and is one of the popular treatment for ankle fractures and arthritis. Ankle reconstruction aims to offer a successful alternative to arthrodesis, the existing mainstay and gold standard surgical procedure for disabling ankle arthritis. The surgeon fits the talus bone of the upper foot and the tibia bone at the end of the lower leg with metal components made of cobalt chromium alloy with pure titanium where they comes in contact with bone. This project focuses on modelling and 3D printing of a prosthetic talocrural joint. The standard sizes of tibia which is the longer base of lower leg and talus being lower part of the ankle joint are observed and modelled accordingly by using CATIA with standard dimensions. The prototype is made with PLA plastic using an FDM Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printer. The analysis test carried on ANSYS by applying human weight on the tibial surface and physical tests are conducted on universal testing machine. The compressing force is applied on the prototype and observed till failure. Results obtained are compared for static position of the foot of both analytical and physical outcomes. A. Kranthi Kumar | B. Sai Krishna | B. Sai Ram | Mr. P. Naresh "Design and Evaluation of Ankle Reconstruction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30327.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/30327/design-and-evaluation-of-ankle-reconstruction/a-kranthi-kumar
This document discusses additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing. It begins with definitions of AM and similar terms. Key benefits of AM include increased design freedom, lighter weight structures, and the ability to create complex internal channels or combine multiple parts. The document outlines several industrial sectors utilizing AM like aerospace, energy, and medical. Specific defects that can occur in AM materials if process parameters are incorrect include unmolten powder particles, lacks of fusion, pores, cracks, inclusions, residual stresses, and poor surface roughness.
On July 10th Innovate UK and the KTN held a business innovation day to showcase 30 of the Innovate UK projects that are currently active in the area of Additive Manufacturing. The presentations and pitches made on the day are now available to download. Topic 3 focuses on Post Processing
Sinds de komst van de computer zijn de ontwerpmogelijkheden sterk toegenomen. De vertaling van het ontwerp gebeurt echter nog vaak via plannen, die dan op de werf met traditionele bouwmethoden worden uitgevoerd. Al de informatie die digitaal beschikbaar is gaat als het ware verloren bij deze stap. Digitale fabricatie brengt hier verandering in, door een directe verbinding te maken tussen het ontwerp en de productie. Het reëel object is als het ware een exacte kopie van het virtueel model.
SPIF staat voor Single Point Incremental Forming. Door met behulp van een industriële robot het metaal geleidelijk aan in te duwen volgens een bepaalde gereedschapsbaan (toolpath), is er een grote verscheidenheid van geometrie mogelijk. Aangezien er geen mal nodig is voor dit proces, is het ideaal voor prototyping. Ook in architectuur is deze ontwerpvrijheid uiteraard een grote meerwaarde.
Via één of meerdere test cases zou ik de mogelijkheden van deze techniek in een architecturale context willen onderzoeken. Mogelijke toepassingen zijn bijvoorbeeld een zelfdragende gevel of een dakconstructie die door zijn geometrie geen dragende onderstructuur meer nodig heeft. Gebaseerd op een bestaand project van een carport, heb ik als voorbeeld een structuur gemodelleerd en onderworpen aan een bepaalde belasting. In het tweede geval is op dezelfde geometrie een grid van ribben toegevoegd, en duidelijk is dat de doorbuiging aanzienlijk verbetert.
Aangezien het een integraal proces van ontwerp tot productie is, lijkt het me interessant om dit binnen één software af te handelen. Zo heb ik getracht om het toolpath, nodig om de robot aan te sturen, ook binnen Grasshopper te genereren. Als output geeft dit een reeks met coördinaten en richtingsvectoren.
Na het structureel optimaliseren van het ontwerp en de vertaalstap naar de robot-instructies, kan de productie beginnen. Als laatste aandachtspunt zullen de afzonderlijke elementen moeten geassembleerd worden, zodat zij werkelijk functioneren als één geheel.
Gert-Willem Van Gompel
Master in de ingenieurswetenschappen: architectuur
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND IT'S PRACTICES IN INDIAR KELVIN RUBAN
Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves joining materials layer by layer to make objects from 3D model data. There are several additive manufacturing processes, including vat polymerization, fused deposition modeling, powder bed fusion, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition, which use materials like polymers, plastics, metals, and paper to build objects. Additive manufacturing is now enabling both design and industrial revolutions in sectors like aerospace, automotive, medical, tooling, and consumer goods.
This document provides an overview of 3D printing including its definition, history, materials used, mechanism, applications in dentistry, and comparisons to CAD/CAM. It discusses the development of 3D printing from its origins in 1984 to current uses like dental modeling and surgical guides. Applications in maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, prosthodontics and endodontics are also covered. The document concludes by discussing emerging technologies like bioprinting, where living cells are used as "bioinks" to print tissues, and 4D printing, where printed objects can change shape over time in response to environmental conditions.
Design Development Experimental Approach of Industrial Product Enhancement Pr...IJMER
This document discusses stereo lithography (SLA), a type of rapid prototyping. SLA uses a laser to solidify liquid photopolymer resin layer by layer based on a 3D CAD model. The key steps are: 1) creating a CAD model; 2) slicing the model into layers; 3) using a laser to solidify each layer on top of the previous one. SLA can produce prototypes faster and cheaper than conventional methods. However, the layered construction results in stair-stepping on slanted surfaces that requires post-processing smoothing.
Modelling and 3D Printing of Differential Gear Boxijtsrd
The document discusses modeling and 3D printing of a differential gear box. The authors used CATIA V5 software to design the differential gear box and then 3D printed it using PLA material. The differential gear box was modeled to allow the driving wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds when turning corners while maintaining equal torque to each wheel. The design was 3D printed to test the functionality of the gear mechanisms and to provide a prototype model of the differential gear box.
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process where objects are created by laying down successive layers of material, such as plastics, metals, or living cells. There are several common 3D printing methods that differ in how the layers are bonded, such as selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography (STL), and fused deposition modeling (FDM). The document discusses the history and development of 3D printing, provides examples of how it can be used to print complex structures like batteries and human tissues, and highlights advantages like rapid prototyping but also challenges like cost and limited strength.
Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves building 3D objects layer by layer from digital models. The document discusses the current state and future potential of 7 additive manufacturing processes, including stereolithography, material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition. It also identifies gaps in technology, materials, design, modeling, and education/training that must be addressed for additive manufacturing to become more widely used for mass production. Recommendations include increased collaboration between universities and industry to advance the technology and reduce costs.
This document summarizes a seminar on additive manufacturing (AM) presented by Ankush Kalia. It defines AM as a process that builds 3D objects by joining materials layer by layer under computer control using a 3D printer. The key steps in AM are modeling, printing, and finishing. Different AM methods are classified and compared in terms of design flexibility, cost of complexity, accuracy, assembly needs, and production efficiency. Capabilities of AM like multi-material printing and applications in areas like rapid prototyping, food, apparel, vehicles, firearms, medicine, bioprinting, space, and education are discussed. Current barriers to AM like scalability, resolution, material properties, and reliability are also presented
The document describes an additive manufacturing course, including its textbooks, learning outcomes, and modules. Specifically:
- The course covers additive manufacturing processes using polymers, powders, and nanomaterials. Students will analyze characterization techniques and describe NC/CNC programming and automation.
- Module 1 introduces additive manufacturing, covering its evolution, processes, classifications, post-processing, guidelines for process selection, and applications.
- The module discusses the additive manufacturing process chain from CAD to part build and removal, and classifies AM into liquid polymer, particle, molten material, and solid sheet systems.
Rapid prototyping uses layer-by-layer additive manufacturing techniques to quickly produce physical prototypes directly from 3D CAD models. It offers significant time and cost savings over traditional subtractive methods. The basic rapid prototyping process involves (1) creating a CAD model, (2) converting it to STL format, (3) slicing the digital model into thin layers, and (4) constructing the physical model layer-by-layer using materials like polymers, paper or powdered metals. This allows for the fabrication of objects with complex internal features.
University Course "Micro and nano systems" for Master Degree in Biomedical Engineering at University of Pisa. Topic: Software for additive manufacturing (part1)
Design for Additively Manufactured Structure An Assessmentijtsrd
"The design of lightweight structures realized via additive manufacturing has been drawing considerable amount of attentions in academia and industries for a wide range of applications. However, various challenges remain for AM lightweight structures to be reliably used for these applications. For example, despite extensive advancement with geometric design, there still lacks adequate understanding with the process material property relationship of AM lightweight structures. In addition, a more integrated design approach must also be adopted in order to take non uniform material design into consideration. In our works, a design approach based on unit cell cellular structure was taken in the attempt to establish a comprehensive design methodology for lightweight structures. Analytical cellular models were established to provide computationally efficient property estimation, and various design factors such as size effect, stress concentration and joint angle effect were also investigated in order to provide additional design guidelines. In addition, it was also found that the geometry and microstructure of the cellular structures are dependent on both the process setup and the feature dimensions, which strongly support the argument to establish a multi scale hierarchical cellular design tool. Deependra Sharma | Prof. Vivek Babele ""Design for Additively Manufactured Structure: An Assessment"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21674.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/21674/design-for-additively-manufactured-structure-an-assessment/deependra-sharma"
IRJET - A Review on 3D Printing TechnologyIRJET Journal
This document reviews 3D printing technology. It discusses the different types of materials that can be used for 3D printing, including thermoplastics, photopolymers, and metals. It also discusses the various 3D printing processes like fused deposition modeling, stereolithography, and powder bed fusion. Applications of 3D printing discussed include use in the medical, automotive, aerospace, and other manufacturing industries. The advantages of 3D printing include complexity for free and potential elimination of tooling. Disadvantages include size constraints and limited range of durable materials.
Final Report Functional Coatings for 3D Printed Parts_JONATHANAMBROSEJonathan Ambrose
This report details the development of functional coatings for 3D printed parts through two techniques: creating a uniform conductive coating and electroplating homogenously. The stages of development included multiple techniques that were tested for value, simplicity, quality of coating, cost, material properties and safety. Testing found that combining conductive coating and electroplating onto 3D printed parts successfully enhanced properties like electrical conductivity, strength and hardness from the incorporated metal coating, with increased corrosion resistance. The report provides information on the techniques researched and tested as well as recommendations for further development.
This document presents an automatic brain tumor detection and segmentation scheme using MRI images. The proposed method involves 4 main stages: 1) preprocessing to reduce noise and improve image quality, 2) feature extraction of shape, intensity, and texture features, 3) tumor segmentation, and 4) post-processing including regularization and constraints. The method aims to identify and segment tumor portions of brain images successfully and with less time than manual methods. Evaluation results suggest it outperforms other peer methods in accuracy metrics.
This document describes a study that designed ECG and EEG hardware and implemented software using LabVIEW to analyze medical test data and identify abnormalities. The goal was to develop a robotic system to facilitate remote patient monitoring and doctor-patient interaction. Hardware was designed using Multisim to condition ECG and EEG signals. LabVIEW was used to analyze the signals, detect abnormalities in ECG and EEG reports, and calculate pulse rate. The system is intended to help address issues with limited doctor availability in India by allowing remote medical testing and consultation.
This document summarizes a study that examines the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on brand personality, corporate reputation, and brand equity for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Iran. Specifically, it analyzes how perceptions of CSR activities, termed "Philanthropy CSR," impact these three variables. The study developed six hypotheses predicting positive relationships between Philanthropy CSR and brand personality, corporate reputation, and brand equity, as well as among the latter three variables. A survey of 92 SMEs in Tehran was conducted to test these hypotheses. The results supported all hypotheses, finding that CSR positively influences brand equity both directly and indirectly through its effects on brand personality and reputation.
This document summarizes an approach to embedding a human brain with smart devices using depreciated brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. It discusses how BCI systems work by acquiring EEG signals from the brain, preprocessing the signals, classifying them, and using them to control external applications. Specifically, it proposes controlling a tablet through a 1-channel EEG amplifier and non-invasive electrode placement. The document outlines the basic components and applications of BCI systems and describes implementing a basic prototype to test controlling a media player on a tablet using EEG signals processed in MATLAB.
3D printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing, builds objects layer by layer under computer control. It is increasingly being used in the aerospace industry to produce complex parts. While 3D printing allows greater design flexibility and lower costs than traditional manufacturing, wider adoption is limited by issues like speed of production and reliability testing of printed parts. Future advances may enable on-demand printing of replacement parts in space and the mass production of entire aircraft structures with 3D printing.
Design and Evaluation of Ankle Reconstructionijtsrd
Ankle reconstruction is a fairly new concept and is one of the popular treatment for ankle fractures and arthritis. Ankle reconstruction aims to offer a successful alternative to arthrodesis, the existing mainstay and gold standard surgical procedure for disabling ankle arthritis. The surgeon fits the talus bone of the upper foot and the tibia bone at the end of the lower leg with metal components made of cobalt chromium alloy with pure titanium where they comes in contact with bone. This project focuses on modelling and 3D printing of a prosthetic talocrural joint. The standard sizes of tibia which is the longer base of lower leg and talus being lower part of the ankle joint are observed and modelled accordingly by using CATIA with standard dimensions. The prototype is made with PLA plastic using an FDM Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printer. The analysis test carried on ANSYS by applying human weight on the tibial surface and physical tests are conducted on universal testing machine. The compressing force is applied on the prototype and observed till failure. Results obtained are compared for static position of the foot of both analytical and physical outcomes. A. Kranthi Kumar | B. Sai Krishna | B. Sai Ram | Mr. P. Naresh "Design and Evaluation of Ankle Reconstruction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30327.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/30327/design-and-evaluation-of-ankle-reconstruction/a-kranthi-kumar
This document discusses additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing. It begins with definitions of AM and similar terms. Key benefits of AM include increased design freedom, lighter weight structures, and the ability to create complex internal channels or combine multiple parts. The document outlines several industrial sectors utilizing AM like aerospace, energy, and medical. Specific defects that can occur in AM materials if process parameters are incorrect include unmolten powder particles, lacks of fusion, pores, cracks, inclusions, residual stresses, and poor surface roughness.
On July 10th Innovate UK and the KTN held a business innovation day to showcase 30 of the Innovate UK projects that are currently active in the area of Additive Manufacturing. The presentations and pitches made on the day are now available to download. Topic 3 focuses on Post Processing
Sinds de komst van de computer zijn de ontwerpmogelijkheden sterk toegenomen. De vertaling van het ontwerp gebeurt echter nog vaak via plannen, die dan op de werf met traditionele bouwmethoden worden uitgevoerd. Al de informatie die digitaal beschikbaar is gaat als het ware verloren bij deze stap. Digitale fabricatie brengt hier verandering in, door een directe verbinding te maken tussen het ontwerp en de productie. Het reëel object is als het ware een exacte kopie van het virtueel model.
SPIF staat voor Single Point Incremental Forming. Door met behulp van een industriële robot het metaal geleidelijk aan in te duwen volgens een bepaalde gereedschapsbaan (toolpath), is er een grote verscheidenheid van geometrie mogelijk. Aangezien er geen mal nodig is voor dit proces, is het ideaal voor prototyping. Ook in architectuur is deze ontwerpvrijheid uiteraard een grote meerwaarde.
Via één of meerdere test cases zou ik de mogelijkheden van deze techniek in een architecturale context willen onderzoeken. Mogelijke toepassingen zijn bijvoorbeeld een zelfdragende gevel of een dakconstructie die door zijn geometrie geen dragende onderstructuur meer nodig heeft. Gebaseerd op een bestaand project van een carport, heb ik als voorbeeld een structuur gemodelleerd en onderworpen aan een bepaalde belasting. In het tweede geval is op dezelfde geometrie een grid van ribben toegevoegd, en duidelijk is dat de doorbuiging aanzienlijk verbetert.
Aangezien het een integraal proces van ontwerp tot productie is, lijkt het me interessant om dit binnen één software af te handelen. Zo heb ik getracht om het toolpath, nodig om de robot aan te sturen, ook binnen Grasshopper te genereren. Als output geeft dit een reeks met coördinaten en richtingsvectoren.
Na het structureel optimaliseren van het ontwerp en de vertaalstap naar de robot-instructies, kan de productie beginnen. Als laatste aandachtspunt zullen de afzonderlijke elementen moeten geassembleerd worden, zodat zij werkelijk functioneren als één geheel.
Gert-Willem Van Gompel
Master in de ingenieurswetenschappen: architectuur
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND IT'S PRACTICES IN INDIAR KELVIN RUBAN
Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves joining materials layer by layer to make objects from 3D model data. There are several additive manufacturing processes, including vat polymerization, fused deposition modeling, powder bed fusion, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition, which use materials like polymers, plastics, metals, and paper to build objects. Additive manufacturing is now enabling both design and industrial revolutions in sectors like aerospace, automotive, medical, tooling, and consumer goods.
This document provides an overview of 3D printing including its definition, history, materials used, mechanism, applications in dentistry, and comparisons to CAD/CAM. It discusses the development of 3D printing from its origins in 1984 to current uses like dental modeling and surgical guides. Applications in maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, prosthodontics and endodontics are also covered. The document concludes by discussing emerging technologies like bioprinting, where living cells are used as "bioinks" to print tissues, and 4D printing, where printed objects can change shape over time in response to environmental conditions.
Design Development Experimental Approach of Industrial Product Enhancement Pr...IJMER
This document discusses stereo lithography (SLA), a type of rapid prototyping. SLA uses a laser to solidify liquid photopolymer resin layer by layer based on a 3D CAD model. The key steps are: 1) creating a CAD model; 2) slicing the model into layers; 3) using a laser to solidify each layer on top of the previous one. SLA can produce prototypes faster and cheaper than conventional methods. However, the layered construction results in stair-stepping on slanted surfaces that requires post-processing smoothing.
Modelling and 3D Printing of Differential Gear Boxijtsrd
The document discusses modeling and 3D printing of a differential gear box. The authors used CATIA V5 software to design the differential gear box and then 3D printed it using PLA material. The differential gear box was modeled to allow the driving wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds when turning corners while maintaining equal torque to each wheel. The design was 3D printed to test the functionality of the gear mechanisms and to provide a prototype model of the differential gear box.
3D printing is an additive manufacturing process where objects are created by laying down successive layers of material, such as plastics, metals, or living cells. There are several common 3D printing methods that differ in how the layers are bonded, such as selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography (STL), and fused deposition modeling (FDM). The document discusses the history and development of 3D printing, provides examples of how it can be used to print complex structures like batteries and human tissues, and highlights advantages like rapid prototyping but also challenges like cost and limited strength.
Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, involves building 3D objects layer by layer from digital models. The document discusses the current state and future potential of 7 additive manufacturing processes, including stereolithography, material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition. It also identifies gaps in technology, materials, design, modeling, and education/training that must be addressed for additive manufacturing to become more widely used for mass production. Recommendations include increased collaboration between universities and industry to advance the technology and reduce costs.
This document summarizes a seminar on additive manufacturing (AM) presented by Ankush Kalia. It defines AM as a process that builds 3D objects by joining materials layer by layer under computer control using a 3D printer. The key steps in AM are modeling, printing, and finishing. Different AM methods are classified and compared in terms of design flexibility, cost of complexity, accuracy, assembly needs, and production efficiency. Capabilities of AM like multi-material printing and applications in areas like rapid prototyping, food, apparel, vehicles, firearms, medicine, bioprinting, space, and education are discussed. Current barriers to AM like scalability, resolution, material properties, and reliability are also presented
The document describes an additive manufacturing course, including its textbooks, learning outcomes, and modules. Specifically:
- The course covers additive manufacturing processes using polymers, powders, and nanomaterials. Students will analyze characterization techniques and describe NC/CNC programming and automation.
- Module 1 introduces additive manufacturing, covering its evolution, processes, classifications, post-processing, guidelines for process selection, and applications.
- The module discusses the additive manufacturing process chain from CAD to part build and removal, and classifies AM into liquid polymer, particle, molten material, and solid sheet systems.
Rapid prototyping uses layer-by-layer additive manufacturing techniques to quickly produce physical prototypes directly from 3D CAD models. It offers significant time and cost savings over traditional subtractive methods. The basic rapid prototyping process involves (1) creating a CAD model, (2) converting it to STL format, (3) slicing the digital model into thin layers, and (4) constructing the physical model layer-by-layer using materials like polymers, paper or powdered metals. This allows for the fabrication of objects with complex internal features.
University Course "Micro and nano systems" for Master Degree in Biomedical Engineering at University of Pisa. Topic: Software for additive manufacturing (part1)
Design for Additively Manufactured Structure An Assessmentijtsrd
"The design of lightweight structures realized via additive manufacturing has been drawing considerable amount of attentions in academia and industries for a wide range of applications. However, various challenges remain for AM lightweight structures to be reliably used for these applications. For example, despite extensive advancement with geometric design, there still lacks adequate understanding with the process material property relationship of AM lightweight structures. In addition, a more integrated design approach must also be adopted in order to take non uniform material design into consideration. In our works, a design approach based on unit cell cellular structure was taken in the attempt to establish a comprehensive design methodology for lightweight structures. Analytical cellular models were established to provide computationally efficient property estimation, and various design factors such as size effect, stress concentration and joint angle effect were also investigated in order to provide additional design guidelines. In addition, it was also found that the geometry and microstructure of the cellular structures are dependent on both the process setup and the feature dimensions, which strongly support the argument to establish a multi scale hierarchical cellular design tool. Deependra Sharma | Prof. Vivek Babele ""Design for Additively Manufactured Structure: An Assessment"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21674.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/21674/design-for-additively-manufactured-structure-an-assessment/deependra-sharma"
IRJET - A Review on 3D Printing TechnologyIRJET Journal
This document reviews 3D printing technology. It discusses the different types of materials that can be used for 3D printing, including thermoplastics, photopolymers, and metals. It also discusses the various 3D printing processes like fused deposition modeling, stereolithography, and powder bed fusion. Applications of 3D printing discussed include use in the medical, automotive, aerospace, and other manufacturing industries. The advantages of 3D printing include complexity for free and potential elimination of tooling. Disadvantages include size constraints and limited range of durable materials.
Final Report Functional Coatings for 3D Printed Parts_JONATHANAMBROSEJonathan Ambrose
This report details the development of functional coatings for 3D printed parts through two techniques: creating a uniform conductive coating and electroplating homogenously. The stages of development included multiple techniques that were tested for value, simplicity, quality of coating, cost, material properties and safety. Testing found that combining conductive coating and electroplating onto 3D printed parts successfully enhanced properties like electrical conductivity, strength and hardness from the incorporated metal coating, with increased corrosion resistance. The report provides information on the techniques researched and tested as well as recommendations for further development.
This document presents an automatic brain tumor detection and segmentation scheme using MRI images. The proposed method involves 4 main stages: 1) preprocessing to reduce noise and improve image quality, 2) feature extraction of shape, intensity, and texture features, 3) tumor segmentation, and 4) post-processing including regularization and constraints. The method aims to identify and segment tumor portions of brain images successfully and with less time than manual methods. Evaluation results suggest it outperforms other peer methods in accuracy metrics.
This document describes a study that designed ECG and EEG hardware and implemented software using LabVIEW to analyze medical test data and identify abnormalities. The goal was to develop a robotic system to facilitate remote patient monitoring and doctor-patient interaction. Hardware was designed using Multisim to condition ECG and EEG signals. LabVIEW was used to analyze the signals, detect abnormalities in ECG and EEG reports, and calculate pulse rate. The system is intended to help address issues with limited doctor availability in India by allowing remote medical testing and consultation.
This document summarizes a study that examines the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on brand personality, corporate reputation, and brand equity for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Iran. Specifically, it analyzes how perceptions of CSR activities, termed "Philanthropy CSR," impact these three variables. The study developed six hypotheses predicting positive relationships between Philanthropy CSR and brand personality, corporate reputation, and brand equity, as well as among the latter three variables. A survey of 92 SMEs in Tehran was conducted to test these hypotheses. The results supported all hypotheses, finding that CSR positively influences brand equity both directly and indirectly through its effects on brand personality and reputation.
This document summarizes an approach to embedding a human brain with smart devices using depreciated brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. It discusses how BCI systems work by acquiring EEG signals from the brain, preprocessing the signals, classifying them, and using them to control external applications. Specifically, it proposes controlling a tablet through a 1-channel EEG amplifier and non-invasive electrode placement. The document outlines the basic components and applications of BCI systems and describes implementing a basic prototype to test controlling a media player on a tablet using EEG signals processed in MATLAB.
The document discusses the need to rediscover, redefine, and rebuild manufacturing education. It outlines several issues with the current state of manufacturing education, including a shortage of skilled workers and outdated curricula. The document proposes using models like the Advanced Manufacturing Competency Model and Four Pillars of Manufacturing Knowledge to standardize curricula across programs. It also stresses the importance of collaboration between education, industry, and government to keep curricula current and develop high-quality faculty through practices like partnering with industry.
This document summarizes a study on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the libraries of agricultural universities in Western India. It finds that while ICT adoption is increasing, there is still room for improvement. The study collected data from the librarians of 8 agricultural universities through questionnaires and interviews. It assessed the level of library automation, infrastructure, services offered, and training needs of staff. The study observed a range of ICT implementations across universities and developed a conceptual model for increased collaboration and resource sharing between the agricultural university libraries through consortia and networking.
This document discusses using phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) to inspect austenitic stainless steel welds. Conventional ultrasonic testing is challenging for these welds due to scattering, attenuation, and beam skewing at the weld-base metal interface. PAUT can sweep and steer ultrasound beams to cover a large area. Experiments were conducted to understand how ultrasound propagates in stainless steel welds. The results showed amplitude decreases with transmission through the weld-metal interface. Velocity also varies with propagation direction due to weld anisotropy. PAUT was then used to successfully inspect stainless steel welds containing artificial defects, demonstrating its effectiveness for these inspections.
This document proposes a new method to re-rank web documents retrieved by search engines based on their relevance to a user's query using ontology concepts. It involves building an ontology of concepts for a given domain (electronic commerce), extracting concepts from retrieved documents, and re-ranking documents based on the frequency of ontology concepts within them. An evaluation showed the approach reduced average ranking error compared to search engines alone. The method was tested on the first 30 documents retrieved for the query "e-commerce" from search engines.
This document describes the development of a Rule-Based Machine Translation system between Assamese and English using the Apertium platform. It discusses the files and tools used, including monolingual dictionaries for Assamese and English, a bilingual dictionary, and transfer rules. The methodology section outlines the Apertium architecture and modules, and describes how the dictionaries and transfer rules were created to translate between the two languages.
The document proposes a text mining template-based algorithm to improve business intelligence by categorizing text. It begins with an introduction to data mining and text mining. It then discusses related work on text mining algorithms. The document proposes a methodology using a configuration file to identify fields in documents based on regular expressions. The algorithm reads documents line by line, matches lines to conditions in the configuration file, and stores the identified fields in an array. The array is then used to populate a structured table for analysis to improve decision making. The methodology is experimentally tested on 100 resumes to select candidates, demonstrating its ability to extract structured data from unstructured documents.
This document discusses a proposed algorithm to calculate threshold values for CPU nodes in a distributed web crawler cluster to determine overall cluster performance. It aims to calculate threshold values for each node whenever the cluster restarts or its configuration changes. The threshold values would then be used to assess cluster performance. The document provides background on web crawlers and their importance, as well as discussing ethics related to technologies like crawlers.
This document discusses image steganography techniques for hiding secret information. It focuses on using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm to embed data into digital images. Specifically, it describes how the LSB algorithm works by replacing the LSB of image pixel values with bits of the secret message. The algorithm selects pixels and embeds the message by overwriting the LSB, leaving the more significant bits unchanged. This allows hidden information to be imperceptibly stored within an image file while maintaining the image quality to the human eye. The document also notes advantages of LSB steganography, such as high message security from using lossless 24-bit BMP images.
This document discusses a study that aims to classify glaucomatous images based on wavelet features with high accuracy. It analyzes energy distributions from several wavelet filters to extract texture features from retinal images. These features are ranked and selected before being introduced to classifiers like support vector machine, sequential minimal optimization, random forest, and naive Bayes. The proposed system is expected to achieve over 95% accuracy in glaucoma classification, outperforming existing techniques.
1. The document presents a methodology for recognizing isolated handwritten Devanagari numerals using structural and statistical features.
2. Key features extracted include whether the numeral has openings on the left, right, above or below, and the number of horizontal and vertical crossings.
3. The methodology achieves an average accuracy of 96.8% on a dataset of 500 numeral images collected from various individuals. Accuracy is highest for numerals 0, 6, 8 and 10 at 100%, while some similar numerals like 3 and 2 see more errors.
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of polymeric copper(II), zinc(II), and cadmium(II) complexes with two Schiff base ligands. The ligands were prepared by condensing 1,1'-4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-phenylene)diethanone with p-tolylamine or 2-aminopyrimidine. The complexes were synthesized by reacting the metal acetates with the ligands in solution. Characterization of the complexes included elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, 1H NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Thermal analysis was also performed on selected complexes. The results indicate the ligands bind as quadridentate ligands through nitrogen and oxygen donors and form
This document describes the synthesis and characterization of 4-(4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzylideneamino)phenyltellurium tribromide. The compound was synthesized by reacting 4-(4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzylideamino)phenyl mercuric chloride with tellurium tetrabromide. It was characterized using various techniques such as elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Visible, 1H and 13C- NMR spectroscopies, X-Ray diffraction and optical measurements. Thin films of the compound were deposited and their optical properties like refractive index, extinction coefficient and optical energy gap were determined from transmittance measurements in the wavelength range of 190-900
This document presents a study on the theoretical and empirical validation that has been done on aspect-oriented software maintainability metrics. It describes the methodology used, which involved searching literature sources and selecting papers related to aspect-oriented maintainability metrics. The results are discussed in tables, showing that most papers focus on empirical validation of metrics rather than theoretical validation. Several papers are described that empirically validated specific metrics related to maintainability. However, the study notes that more theoretical validation of metrics is still needed before empirical validation. Threats to validity, such as bias and limited data extraction, are also presented.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the essential oils extracted from three Lantana species (L. involucrata, L. microphylla, and L. montevidensis) through hydrodistillation. Thin layer chromatography was used to analyze the pigments and chemical components of the essential oils. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against six bacterial strains using a gaseous contact method. The results showed that L. involucrata oil exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes and S. aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.26mg/l air and 0.33mg/l air respectively. P. aeruginosa was slightly susceptible to L. involuc
This document presents research on implementing CRC and Viterbi error correction techniques on a DSP processor. CRC-32 and Viterbi decoding algorithms for convolutional codes with rate 1/2 and different generator polynomials are simulated and implemented on a TMS320C5416 DSP chip. Additionally, a concept of serially concatenated CRC-convolutional coding is proposed, using a lookup table at the decoder to potentially reduce computations compared to traditional Viterbi decoding. Simulation results demonstrating CRC-8, CRC-32, and Viterbi decoding with various generator polynomials and error scenarios are shown. The techniques are successfully implemented on the DSP hardware.
1. Rapid prototyping is a group of techniques that quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part using 3D computer-aided design data through additive layer manufacturing. 2. The document discusses the history and development of rapid prototyping technologies from the 1980s onward. 3. It describes common rapid prototyping processes like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling which build parts layer-by-layer from materials in different states of matter.
A REVIEW: RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNIQUES FOR DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING OF CUS...IAEME Publication
Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies are mostly related with applications in the product development and the design process as well as with small batch manufacturing. Due to their
comparatively high rapidity and flexibility, however, they have also been engaged in various non manufacturing applications. A field that attracts increasingly more attention by the scientific
community is related to the application of technologies in medicine and health care. The associated research is focused both on the development of specifically customized or new methods and systems based on principles, as well as on the applications of existing systems assisting health care services.
The document discusses the use of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques for designing and manufacturing customized anatomical implants. It provides an overview of various RP technologies such as stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling. The document then reviews several case studies on applications of RP in medicine, including the fabrication of custom implants and scaffolds, models for pre-operative surgical planning, and anatomical models for testing implants and techniques. Finally, it discusses how computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data can be converted into 3D models using software, before being manufactured using RP.
IRJET- 3D Printer for Printing Biological StructuresIRJET Journal
This document discusses 3D printing technology for printing biological structures. It begins with an abstract that provides an overview of 3D printing as a process of prototyping where a structure is synthesized from a 3D model. The document then covers the core technology of 3D printing in the biological domain and its applications. It discusses how 3D printing is being applied in various medical situations and for developing medical research. The document also provides background on the history and development of 3D printing technology.
This document discusses 3D printing methods and their potential impact on research laboratories. It provides:
1) A brief history of 3D printing, from its origins in the 1980s to its increasing applications in fields like engineering, medicine, and consumer goods.
2) An overview of common 3D printing methods like stereolithography, inkjet printing, and fused deposition modeling, explaining how they work and the types of materials they can use.
3) Examples of current and future uses of 3D printing in research settings, with the potential to revolutionize fields like chemistry, biotechnology, and science education.
Web based e manufacturing of prototypes by using rapid prototyping technologyIAEME Publication
This document discusses web-based e-manufacturing of prototypes using rapid prototyping technology. It describes how rapid prototyping allows intricate prototypes to be fabricated from 3D CAD models in an automated, layer-by-layer process without requiring part-specific tooling. The document proposes a systematic approach using reverse engineering, solid modeling, and internet technologies to enable rapid prototyping and manufacturing of parts anywhere in the world. It provides examples of rapid prototyping processes being used to develop casting patterns and manufacture stereolithography prototypes for mechanical testing.
This document discusses the analysis of different process parameters on the properties of components manufactured using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). It aims to study the effect of road width, air gap, and build orientation (0°, 45°, 90°) on properties like accuracy, surface finish, and build time. Samples will be manufactured at different combinations of these parameters and tested to determine their properties, with results analyzed and presented graphically. Prior research has found orientation affects properties like surface quality, accuracy, build time and cost, so optimization of orientation is important for FDM.
1) The document discusses 3D printing technology and provides an overview of its history and applications. It describes how 3D printers work by depositing thin layers of material to build up a 3D object based on a digital design file.
2) The key 3D printing techniques - fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography - are introduced. The growth of 3D printing applications from rapid prototyping to production of end-use parts in industries like defense, aerospace, automotive and biomedical is noted.
3) A timeline of milestones in 3D printing development is given, from the invention of the main techniques in the 1980s to recent innovations and expanding applications in medicine, transportation
In the recent decades of development of manufacturing and production engineering, 3D printing technology has emerged as one of the most promising area for research and development. With the availability of flexible and user friendly manufacturing and interfacing system, the 3D printing technology has attracted a lot of researchers form keen aspects of their field.
Medical Engineering is the branch of science that deal with the application of technological aspects in solving medical problems. With the merger in these two vast fields a lot of problems has been answered and the development of new things is on their verge of initiation.
In the recent decade both the engineers and medical researchers have worked on integration of technologies to solve the medical problems globally. In the scenario, a lot of technology like 3D printed Heart, Kidneys, etc., & physical implants like teeth’s, bones and medical support.
In this report, I have tried to acknowledge the work done in the field with their importance in the ever changing scenario of the world.
Schematic model for analyzing mobility and detection of multipleIAEME Publication
The document discusses a schematic model for analyzing mobility and detecting multiple objects in traffic scenes. It aims to not only detect and count moving objects, but also understand crowd behavior and reduce issues with objects occluding each other. Previous work on object detection is reviewed, noting that most approaches do not integrate detecting multiple objects simultaneously or address problems of object occlusion. The proposed model uses background subtraction and unscented Kalman filtering to increase detection accuracy and reduce false positives when analyzing image sequences of traffic scenes to detect multiple moving objects. It was tested in MATLAB and results showed highly accurate detection rates.
Use of Rapid Prototyping Technology in Mechanical IndustryIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of rapid prototyping technology in the mechanical industry. It begins by defining rapid prototyping as a process that produces 3D objects directly from a CAD model in a layer-by-layer method. This allows prototypes to be produced in just hours and cuts down product development time and costs. The document then examines different rapid prototyping methods like fused deposition modeling, stereolithography, and selective laser sintering. It also discusses factors to consider in developing rapid prototyping techniques such as initial costs, availability of training, and selection of modeling software. Rapid prototyping is concluded to be essential for reducing design time in fields like manufacturing.
This document summarizes a presentation on 3D printing. It begins with an introduction and overview of the topics to be covered, which include the history of 3D printing, how the process works, applications, advantages and disadvantages, and the future of the technology. It then goes into more detail on the history, additive manufacturing processes like fused deposition modeling, the basic steps of 3D printing, current and potential applications across different industries, benefits and limitations, and promising areas of future growth and development for 3D printing.
This document discusses recent trends in rapid product development, specifically the use of rapid prototyping. It provides an overview of rapid prototyping technologies and their significance in reducing product development time. As an example, it details how stereolithography was used to rapidly prototype models of a gas turbine engine rotor bracket, reducing the manufacturing time from over 150 days to under 30 days compared to conventional methods. This allows more design concepts to be explored more quickly through iterative prototyping and testing.
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, allows objects to be printed from a digital file in layers using materials like plastic, metal or nylon. It is being used in many industries like manufacturing, industrial design, dentistry, engineering and construction. The document discusses how 3D printing works by creating a digital 3D model which is then sliced into layers and printed one by one. It provides examples of 3D printing applications such as construction of houses, hearing aids, prosthetics, dental implants and bionic organs. The technology allows low-cost and customized production which is beneficial in many fields.
ANALYSIS OF LUNG NODULE DETECTION AND STAGE CLASSIFICATION USING FASTER RCNN ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for detecting and classifying lung nodules using Faster R-CNN technique. It first segments the lung from CT images and extracts features using Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform. A Back Propagation Neural Network is then used to classify patterns of interstitial lung diseases detected in the images. Fuzzy clustering is also proposed to segment abnormal regions of the lung. The method aims to help identify and diagnose common lung diseases like pleural effusion and interstitial lung disease in an automated manner from CT images.
This document discusses an integrated reverse engineering approach for dimensional and error analysis of a customized humerus bone implant. It begins with an overview of how reverse engineering and rapid prototyping can be used to create customized medical implants using CT scan data. It then describes a specific case study where a humerus bone implant was created for a patient using FDM printing. Dimensional and error analysis was performed on the printed implant using an optical measurement technique, finding a mean error of 0.1mm between the CAD model and printed implant. The study demonstrates the potential for reverse engineering and rapid prototyping to create accurate, customized bone implants but also highlights sources of error that must be considered.
Fuzzy Type Image Fusion Using SPIHT Image Compression TechniqueIJERA Editor
This paper presents a fuzzy type image fusion technique using Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT).
It is concluded that fusion with higher single levels provides better fusion quality. This technique can be used
for fusion of fuzzy images as well as multi model image fusion. The proposed algorithm is very simple, easy to
implement and could be used for real time applications. This is paper also provided comparatively studied
between proposed and previous existing technique and validation of the proposed algorithm as Peak Signal to
Noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).
The document discusses 3D printing and additive manufacturing. It provides an overview of the history of 3D printing from the late 1970s to present day, the various 3D printing processes like fused deposition modeling, and applications across different industries like prototyping, manufacturing, and medicine. The document also outlines the basic procedure of 3D printing from designing a CAD model to building the final object layer by layer, and discusses advantages like flexible design and disadvantages like limited materials.
An Innovative Deep Learning Framework Integrating Transfer- Learning And Extr...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes a deep learning framework that uses transfer learning and an XGBoost classifier to classify breast ultrasound images. It uses a VGG16 model pre-trained on general images to extract features from ultrasound images. These features are then classified using an XGBoost classifier. On a dataset of breast ultrasound images, the approach achieved 96.7% accuracy, and precision/recall/F-scores of 100%/96%/96% for benign images, 95%/97%/96% for malignant images, and 95%/98%/97% for normal images, outperforming other automatic image classification methods.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is the industrial production name for 3D printing, a computer controlled process that creates three dimensional objects by depositing materials, usually in layers,is a transformative approach to industrial production that enables the creation of lighter, stronger parts and systems. ... As its name implies, additive manufacturing adds material to create an object.
This document discusses various techniques for reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. It describes common PAPR reduction techniques such as partial transmit sequence (PTS), selective mapping (SLM), tone injection, peak cancellation, and peak windowing. It analyzes these techniques based on parameters like distortion, power increase, data rate loss, and bit error rate improvement. The document concludes that while SLM is better for PAPR reduction as it does not cause out-of-band radiation or degrade bit error rate performance, it has the drawback of increased complexity with larger number of subcarriers or phase sequences.
This document summarizes the performance enhancement and characterization of a junctionless vertical slit field effect transistor (JLVeSFET). Key findings from simulations include:
1) The JLVeSFET shows an optimized subthreshold slope of 65mV/decade and OFF current of ~10-18A/μm for a 50nm radius device with a high-k dielectric.
2) Using a high-k dielectric (Si3N4) instead of SiO2 increases the Ion/Ioff ratio to ~1011 and reduces the subthreshold slope to 63mV/decade.
3) Increasing the gate doping concentration reduces the subthreshold slope slightly while increasing the Ion/
This document summarizes research that analyzed the effect of temperature on the parameters of silicon solar cells. It was found that the open circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cells decreases linearly as temperature increases from 20°C to 80°C. In contrast, the short circuit current (Isc) was found to increase only slightly with higher temperatures. The maximum efficiency of 18.5% was obtained at 20°C when Voc was 667.3mV and Isc was 37.56mA. Overall, the study demonstrated that higher temperatures negatively impact the Voc, fill factor, and efficiency of silicon solar cells.
The document presents a new bridgeless single-phase AC-DC converter based on a single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) topology. The proposed rectifier utilizes a bidirectional switch and two fast diodes. It has less conduction losses compared to existing power factor correction rectifiers due to fewer components conducting during each switching cycle. Experimental results show the converter can achieve a high power factor under universal input voltage conditions and provide regulated output voltage for resistive and incandescent lamp loads. Future work may include further optimizing the design for applications requiring high power quality input power.
The document presents a new ontology matching system based on a multi-agent architecture. The system takes ontologies described in XML, RDF Schema, and OWL as input. It uses multiple matchers and filtering to generate mappings between ontology entities. The mappings are then validated. The system is implemented as a multi-agent system with different agent types responsible for resources, matching, generating mappings, and filtering/validating mappings. The architecture allows for robust, flexible, and scalable ontology matching.
This document discusses techniques to reduce leakage current and power consumption in static random-access memory (SRAM) cells implemented using independent gate fin field-effect transistors (FinFETs). It first describes the independent gate FinFET SRAM cell design and its advantages over other designs. It then examines two circuit-level leakage reduction techniques: 1) using multi-threshold voltages by connecting high-threshold transistors to reduce leakage when in standby mode, and 2) adding a gated power supply transistor to reduce leakage through stacking effects. Simulation results show that both techniques can reduce leakage current and power in the independent gate FinFET SRAM cell, with multi-threshold voltages providing better leakage control.
This document summarizes a survey on string similarity matching search techniques. It discusses how string similarity matching is used to find relevant information in text collections. The document reviews different algorithms for string matching, including edit distance, NR-grep, n-grams, and approaches based on hashing and locality-sensitive hashing. It analyzes techniques like pattern matching, threshold-based joins, and vector representations. The goal is to present an overview of the field and compare algorithm performance for similarity searches.
The document reviews various methods for enhancing the bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas. It discusses how modifying the patch shape, using multilayer configurations, planar/stacked multi-resonator structures, and different feeding techniques can increase the antenna's bandwidth. Modified patch shapes, multilayer structures, and proximity coupled feeding provide the greatest bandwidth enhancements, with multilayer designs potentially achieving over 70% bandwidth. The review concludes that slot loading and multilayer techniques are most effective for enhancing bandwidth while maintaining a small antenna size.
This document presents a new method for interpolation called weighted average interpolation (WAI). WAI uses the concepts of positive and negative effect to determine the influence of neighboring data points. Correction factors are derived from Pascal's triangle to match the results of WAI to Lagrange interpolation. The method is extended to extrapolation and unevenly spaced data using similar concepts. WAI aims to reduce the number of operations compared to Lagrange interpolation while maintaining accuracy.
This document presents a theorem about the almost Norlund summability of conjugate Fourier series. It generalizes previous results by Pati (1961) and Singh and Singh (1993). The main theorem states that if the conjugate partial sums of a Fourier series satisfy certain conditions, including being bounded by a function that approaches 0 as n approaches infinity, then the conjugate Fourier series is almost Norlund summable to the integral of the function at every point where the integral exists. The proof utilizes lemmas about the behavior of the conjugate partial sums and applies mean value theorems to show the necessary conditions are met. References to previous related works are also provided.
The document discusses the determination of diffusion constants in boronated powder metallurgy samples of the iron-carbon-copper system. Experiments were conducted on powdered samples with 0.1% carbon and 1-3% copper. The thickness of the boride layers formed after boronation at temperatures of 920-980°C were measured. The data was used to calculate the activation energy (Q) and pre-exponential factor (Do) based on parabolic growth curves. The results show that Q increases with sample density from 5.8 to 7 g/cm3. Adding up to 2% copper reduces Q values, but higher copper concentrations increase Q similar to pure iron samples.
This document compares various biometric methods for identification and verification. It discusses fingerprint recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, and iris recognition as some of the main biometric techniques. For each method, it describes how the biometric data is captured and analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages, and examples of applications where the technique can be used. The document provides an overview of the history of biometrics and the typical modules involved in a biometric system, such as sensors, feature extraction, matching, and template databases.
This document describes the design of a digital phase locked loop (PLL) with a divide by 4/5 prescaler. The digital PLL uses a digital phase frequency detector, time to digital converter, thermometric decoder, and digitally controlled oscillator. The proposed PLL design uses an accumulator type DCO and ring oscillator type TDC to achieve fast lock time and reduced jitter. The final system incorporates all the components to function as a digital PLL that locks when the reference and feedback frequencies match.
The document discusses energy efficient routing protocols for clustered wireless sensor networks. It provides an overview of wireless sensor networks and discusses how clustering is commonly used to improve energy efficiency and scalability. The document reviews several existing clustering-based routing protocols and analyzes their approaches for prolonging network lifetime by minimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.
The document discusses bit error rate (BER) performance analysis of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) for implementation of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). It analyzes the theoretical BER of M-QAM under different modulation orders and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The analysis shows that higher order M-QAM has higher BER than lower order M-QAM for the same SNR due to decreased symbol distances as the modulation order increases. It also discusses the use of M-QAM modulation in OFDM systems and outlines challenges in implementing higher order M-QAM for OFDM.
This document analyzes the groundwater quality of South Karaikal and Nagapattinam districts in Tamil Nadu, India. 14 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters including major ions. Spatial variation maps were generated for parameters like calcium, chloride, sodium, and bicarbonate which showed high and low concentration regions. Piper and Durov plots indicated mixed temporary and permanent water hardness. Sodium absorption ratio values identified areas of excellent, good and fair water quality for irrigation. Overall, comparison to standards showed groundwater was not suitable for drinking in most areas.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!