PPT which has won STATE LEVEL SYMPOSIUM- STASYM17....

2.  Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D
Printing , Rapid Prototyping or Freeform
Fabrication, is “the process of joining materials
to make objects from 3D model data, usually
layer upon layer”.
 The models can be designed with computer-
aided design (CAD) software or through
reverse engineering techniques.
 Additive manufacturing now enables both a
design and industrial revolution in various
industrial sectors such as aerospace,
automotive, medical, tooling and consumer
goods.

3. • VAT POLYMERIZATION
• FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING
• POWDER BED FUSION
• MATERIAL JETTING
• BINDER JETTING
• SHEET LAMINATION
• DIRECT ENERGY DEPOSITION

4.  Vat polymerization uses a vat of liquid
photopolymer resin, out of which the model is
constructed layer by layer.
 The process uses liquid to form objects, there
is no structural support from the material
during the build phase., unlike powder based
methods, where support is given from the
unbound material.
 The Vat polymerization process uses Plastics
and Polymers.
Polymers: UV-curable Photopolymer
resin.

6. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a
common material extrusion process and is
trademarked by the company Stratasys.
Material is drawn through a nozzle, where it
is heated and is then deposited layer by layer.
The nozzle can move horizontally and a
platform moves up and down vertically after
each new layer is deposited.
The Material Extrusion process uses polymers
and plastics
Polymers: ABS, Nylon, PC, AB

8.  The Powder Bed Fusion is a powder based 3D
printing technique , the particles of building material
for 3D part are fused together by the application of
heat or electron beam.
 In a machine for Powder Bed Fusion, there are two
chambers where one chamber is filled with powdered
building material to feed into the other chamber and
the second chamber is used for making the 3D
model.
 The PBF techniques are comparatively less costly and
also being a powder based method do not need use
of support structures while making the models or
parts.

10.  Material jetting creates objects in a similar
method to a two dimensional ink jet printer.
 Material is jetted onto a build platform using
either a continuous or Drop on Demand
(DOD) approach.
 Material is deposited from a nozzle which
moves horizontally across the build platform.
The material layers are then cured or
hardened using ultraviolet (UV) light.
 The material jetting process uses polymers
and plastics.

12. » The binder jetting process uses two
materials; a powder based material and a
binder. The binder acts as an adhesive
between powder layers.
» A print head moves horizontally along the
x and y axes of the machine and deposits
alternating layers of the build material and
the binding material.
» The binder jetting process allows for
colour printing and uses metal, polymers
and ceramic materials.
» Materials:
Metals: Stainless steel

14.  Directed Energy Deposition (DED) covers a range
of terminology: Laser engineered net shaping,
directed light fabrication, direct metal
deposition, 3D laser cladding.
 It is a more complex printing process commonly
used to repair or add additional material to
existing components.
 The process is similar in principle to material
extrusion, but the nozzle can move in multiple
directions and is not fixed to a specific axis.
 The Directed Energy Deposition process uses
metals and not polymers or ceramics.

16. Sheet lamination process include ultrasonic
additive manufacturing and laminated object
manufacturing.
The Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing process
uses sheets or ribbons of metal, which are
bound together using ultrasonic welding.
The process does require additional CNC
machining and removal of the unbound metal,
often during the welding process.
Metals :
Paper, plastic and some sheet metals.
The most commonly used material is

18. • A Woman had been suffering from spinal
tuberculosis and the disease had caused such
extensive damage to her cervical vertebrae that
she no longer had any support between her skull
and lower spine.
• The 3D-printed implant was customized
according to the patient's original spine.
• It bridged the gap between her skull and spine,
allowing her to stand and walk normally again. It
was the first time such a procedure had been
performed in India and was also among the first
in the world.

19. A one-and-a-half-year-old from Bahrain came to Frontier
Lifeline Hospital with complex heart problems.
Doctors decided on a novel approach: they would take a 3-D
print of his heart based on diagnostic images, plan the surgery
with the model, and then carry it out.
CT scan images of the malfunctioning heart were sent to a
Mumbai-based software company and a plaster of Paris model
came back a week later: complete with every defect, in the
heart’s original size, shape and contours.
It’s like having the patient’s heart in our hands before the
surgery’

21.  Greater design ability.
 No tooling is required, which can be a barrier to production due
to the high cost.
 Fewer resources for machines and little skilled labour when
compared to conventional model making craftsmanship.
 Additive manufacturing can produce models quickly, in hours,
not weeks.