The document discusses 3D printing and additive manufacturing. It provides an overview of the history of 3D printing from the late 1970s to present day, the various 3D printing processes like fused deposition modeling, and applications across different industries like prototyping, manufacturing, and medicine. The document also outlines the basic procedure of 3D printing from designing a CAD model to building the final object layer by layer, and discusses advantages like flexible design and disadvantages like limited materials.

2. Presented By :- krishna kumar mahato
Enrollment No :- 0207210808
Branch :- B-tech ME
Semester :-6th
Submitted To:- Mr. Avinashnath Tiwari

3.  Introduction
 History of 3D printer
 Additive manufacturing
 Procedure of 3Dprinting
 Applications Of 3D Printer
 Advantage & Disadvantage
 Future with 3D printer
 CONCLUSION
 Reference

4. The 3D printing process builds a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design (CAD)
model usually by successively adding material layer by layer which is why it is also called additive
manufacturing .The term “3d printing”covers a variety of processes in which material is joined or solidified
under computer control to create a three- dimensional object ,with material being added together (such as
liquid molecules or powder grains being fused together),typically layer by layer.
The most-commonly used 3D-printing process (46%as of 2018) is a material extrusion technique
called fused deposition modeling (FDM).while FDM technology was invented after the other two
most popular technologies,stereo lithography (SLA)and selective laser sintering (SLS),FDM is
typically the most inexpensive of the three by a large margin,which lends to the popularity of the
process

5.  Late 1970s to End of 1980s
 When discussing the history of 3D printing, we must begin in the late 1970s,
even before the first technology, stereolithography, was invented.
Technology is much older than you think. It may appear to be a relatively
new technology, but it is not. The first inkjet printer was manufactured in the
late 1970s, which marked the beginning of 3D printing. The technology
created quite a stir, but nothing significant could be accomplished in the
next half-decade.
 Dr. Hideo Kodama of the Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute in
Japan published a paper on the Rapid Prototyping (RP) system in 1981. He
envisioned a system in which layers of a model were printed on a platform
and the final product was built layer upon layer. He was supposed to file for
a patent later, but Dr. Kodama was unable to do so, and the application
expired after its one-year deadline. The RP system was a great ideological
breakthrough, but it had no practical application. Many researchers were
still looking for the final piece of the jigsaw puzzle.

6. Additive manufacturing uses data computer-aided –design (CAD)software or 3D Object
scanner to direct hardware to deposit material ,layer upon layer ,in precise geometric
shapes .As its name implies ,additive manufacturing adds material to create an object
.By contrast, when you create an object by traditional means ,it is often necessary to
remove material through milling ,machine ,carving ,shaping or other means.
Additive manufacturing (also called 3-dimensional printing) is a set of technologies
that assemble objects from smaller pieces of material. Some examples of these
technologies include fused filament fabrication (may involve extruding thermoplastic
filament), vat polymerization (using an ultraviolet light to cure a polymer), or powder
bed fusion (melting together metal, ceramic, or plastic powder with high-power lasers
or other heat sources). Once just used for prototyping, these techniques are becoming
less expensive and are seeing use in production as well, affecting the automotive,
aerospace, electronics, medical, and consumer markets.

7. Step 1: CAD-Produce a 3-D model using computer –aided design (CAD) software
Step 2:Conversion to STL –Convert the CAD drawing to the STL format
Step 3: Transfer to Am Machine and STL file manipulation- A user copies the STL file to the
computer that control the 3 D printer .
Step 4: Machine setup-Each machine has its own requirement for how to prepare for a new
print job. This includes refilling the polymers , binders and other consumables the printer will
use .
Step5: Build –let the machine do its thing ;The build process is mostly automatic. Each layer is
usually about
0.1 mm thick, though it can be much thinner or thicker
Step 6: Removal –Remove the printed object (or multiple object in some cases) from the
machine.
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8. Prototyping necessitated improvements in existing processes
and material usage, which resulted in technological
advancements. As a result, the possibilities for 3D printing
have expanded. These advancements cut across all industry
sectors. The following is a comprehensive list of 3D printing
applications

9.  Flexible Design
 Rapid Prototyping
 Print on Demand
 Strong and Lightweight Part
 Fast Design and Production
 Minimising Waste
 Cost Effective
 Ease of Access

10.  Restricted Build Size
 Limited Materialsmaterials is not exhaustive
 Post Processing
 Large Volumes
 Part Structure
 Reduction in Manufacturing Jobs
 Design Inaccuracies
 Copyright Issues

11. 3-D printing is moving in several directions at this time and all indications are that it
will continue to expand in many areas in the future .some of the most promising areas
include
medical applications, custom parts replacement,and customized consumer products.
As materials improve and costs go down,other applications we can barely imagine
today will become possible. Perhaps the greatest areas of potential growth for 3-
dprinting is in the medical field. AS mentioned above, researches are just starting to
experiment with the ideas of creating artificial bones with 3-D printers, but the
process could potentially be used for so much more.

12. 3D printing can offer benefits across the entire creation process
from initial
concept design to final manufacturing and all steps in between.
Different application have unique needs and understanding
those application requirements is critical when choosing a 3D
printer .multiple system may offer broader use opportunities
than a single system, so identifying your unique requirements to
apply 3D printing across your entire design-to-
manufacture process can shorten time-to-market, improve
product performance, streamline and cost-reduce
manufacturing, and improve
product quality and customer satisfaction will help you define
the ideal
3D printing capability for your organization.

13.  [1]Gargiulo, E.P.1992, Stereolithography process accuracy: user
experience, Proc. 1st European Conf. Rapid Prototyping, 187-201.
 [2]Lee, K.W., Wang, S., Fox, B.C., Ritman, E.L., Yaszemski, M.J., Lu, L.,
2007. Poly bone tissue engineering scaffold fabrication using stereo
lithography: effects of resin formulations and laser parameters. Bio
macromolecules 8, 1077-1084.
 [3] C.L., Leong, K.F.Chua, C.K.Du, Z, 2001Dual material rapid
prototyping techniques forthe development of biomedical devices. Part
ISpace creation. IntJ
 . 4] Lisa Harouni 3D printing entrepreneur available at:-
https://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_harouni_a_primer_on_3d_printing
 [5] Avi Reichental what next in 3d printing available at:
https://www.ted.com/talks/avi_reichental_what_s_next_in_3d_printing
 [6] Bastian Schaefer a 3d printed jumbo jet available at:-
http://www.ted.com/talks/bastian_schaefer_a_3d_printed_jumbo_jet?lan
guage=en
 [7]Anthony atala printing a human kidney
https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_printing_a_human_kidneyAdv
. Manuf. Technol18