The document discusses human rights and duties as outlined in the Indian Constitution. It describes several key rights such as: the right to equality; freedom of speech, expression and peaceful assembly; religious freedom; freedom from exploitation like trafficking and child labor; the right to education and culture; and the right to constitutional remedies. It also discusses corresponding fundamental duties of citizens to promote national harmony, renounce practices against women's dignity, strive for excellence, and protect the environment. However, it questions whether these rights are truly respected in practice by providing examples where certain rights like freedom of speech and protection from exploitation appear to have been violated.

1. Presented By :
• TOPIC:-Human Rights AndDuties
•

2. Human rights is a charter of rights contained in the
Constitution of India. It guarantees civil liberties such that all
Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizen of
India. These include individual rights common to most liberal
democracies, such as equity before law, freedom of speech
and expression and peaceful assembly etc. Violation of these
rights result in punishment as prescribed in the Indian Penal
Code.
Introduction to Human rights:

3.  Right to protest again exploitation.
 Right to equality.
 Right to religious freedom.
 Right of freedom.
 Right to education and culture.
 Right to constitutional remedies.
 Right to elementary education.
Human rights:

4. • The abolition of trafficking in human beings and beggar
(forced labour).
• Abolition of employment of children below the age of 14
years in dangerous jobs like factories and mines.
• Beggar, practiced in the past by landlords, has been
declared a crime and is punishable by the law.
• Trafficking in human for the purpose of slave trade or
prostitution is also prohibited by the law.
• Child labour is considered a gross violation of the spirit
and provision of the constitution.
RIGHT TO PROTEST AGAINST EXPLOITATION:

5. • Freedom of speech and expression which enables an
individual to participate in public. Reasonable restrictions can
be imposed in the interest of public order, security of state
etc.
• freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
RIGHT TO FREEDOM:

6. • Article 14 of the constitution guarantees that all citizens shall
be equally protected by the law of the country.
• Article 15 of the constitution means that state cannot
discriminate any of the Indian citizen on the basis of religion,
caste, sex or place of birth.
• Article 16 of the constitution lays down that the state cannot
discriminate against anyone in the matter of employment.
The state may also reserves posts for backward classes,
scheduled caste and scheduled tribe.
• Article 17 of the constitution abolishes the practice of
untouchability, as it is offence and anyone doing it is so
punishable by the law.
RIGHT TO EQUALITY:

7. • Everyone has the right to practice his or her own religion , or
no religion at all.
• This right is covered in article 25,26,27 and 28.
• The objective is to
sustain the principle of
secularism in India.
• According to constitution ,all
religions are equal before the
state and no religion shall be given preference over the other.
• Citizens are free to practice and propagate any religion of
their choice.
RIGHTS TO RELIGIOUS FREEDOM:

8. • As India is a country of many languages, religions and
culture , the constitution provides special measures
in article 29 and 30, to protect right of minorities.
• Any community which has a language and a script of
its own has the right to conserve and develop it.
• No citizen can be discriminated against for admission
in state.
• All minorities can set up their own educational
institution.
RIGHT TO EDUCATION AND CULTURE:

9. • It is created as one of the main fundamental right, because
the constitution recognized the need to protect the right of
the citizens. It empowers the citizens to move a court of law in
case of any denial of the fundamental rights.
• In case of imprisonment, the citizen can ask the court to see if
it is according to the provisions of the law of the country.
• According to Article 32, Indian citizens can stand up and fight
for their fundamental rights if they are breached.
RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES:

10. RIGHT TO ELEMENTARY EDUCATION:
• Article 21- On 2 April 2010, India joined a group of few
countries in the world, with a historic law making education
a fundamental right of every child coming into
force. Making elementary education an entitlement for
children in the 6–14 age group, the Right of Children to Free
and Compulsory Education Act will directly benefit children
who do not go to school at present. Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh announced the operationalisation of this
Act.

11. The Fundamental duties are defined as the moral
obligations of all citizen to help promote a spirit of
patriotism and to uphold the unity of India. These
duties , set out in part IV- A of the constitution
concern individual and the nation. Like the directive
principles, they are not legally enforceable.
INTRODUCTION OF DUTIES:

12. • To abide by the constitution and respect the
national flag and the national anthem.
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common
brotherhood amongst all people of India
transcending religious , linguistic and regional or
sectional diversities and to renounce practices
derogatory to the dignity of women.
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of
individual and collective activities, so that the
nation rises to higher level of endeavor an
achievement.
DUTIES:

13. • To provide opportunities for education by parents,
guardians, to his style, or a ward between the age of
6-14 years as the case may be.
• To uphold and protect the unity and integrity of
India.
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of our
composite culture.
• To protect and improve the natural environment
including forest, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have
compassion for living creatures.

14. But are these rights taken seriously?
Are they followed and looked upon?
The Reality Check

15. Shaheen Dhadha – A girl sent to jail for posting a comment on a
politician on a social networking site (Facebook.)
Right to Freedom(Speech)?

16. 10,000 children working in the 1,000 silk factories in
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
Right against Exploitation?

17. Right to Constitutional Remedies? Right against Explotation?
VIOLATED

21. THE DIFFERENCE

22. Right to Religious Equality?

23. Right to Equality?