The document provides a comprehensive overview of dental instruments used in dentistry, categorizing them into cutting, non-cutting, diagnostic, plastic, and amalgam instruments. It details the materials used (carbon steel and stainless steel), the design, parts, and types of each instrument, as well as their functions and specific uses in dental procedures. Additionally, it explains the instrumentation nomenclature, including formulas for hand cutting tools based on dimensions and angles.

1. Upload By : Ahmed Ali Abbas
Babylon University College of Dentistry
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2. • Cutting instruments
• Non cutting instruments

3. EXCAVATOR CHISELS OTHERS
1) ORDINARY
HATCHET
2) HOE
3) ANGLE FORMER
4) SPOON
1) CHISEL
2) ENAMEL
HATCHET
3) GINGIVAL
MARGIN
TRIMMER
1) KNIVES
2) FILES
3) SCALERS
4) CARVERS

4. Diagnostic
instruments Plastic instruments
1) MIRROR
2) PROBE
3) TWEEZER
Amalgam
instruments
1) DYCAL
APPLICATOR
2) CEMENT SPATULA
1) AMALGAM
CARRIER
2) CONDENSER
3) BURNISHER
4) CARVER

5. CARBON STEEL
• More corrosion
tendency.
• Harder than stainless
steel.
• It loses keen edge
slower than stainless
steel.
STAINLESS STEEL
• Less corrosion
tendency.
• Less comparatively.
• It loses keen edge
quicker during much
use.

6. • Most of the instruments are composed of
the following parts:
• Handle
• Shank
• Blade/Nib

7. • It is used to hold the instrument.
• They are available in various sizes and
shapes.
• It may be smooth or eight sided and serrated.
• On handle of the instrument, the instrument
formula and manufacturer’s name are written.

8. • It connects the handle with the working point
or nib of the instrument.
• It is smooth, round or tapered.
• It may be straight or bent for better control of
working point when the force is applied.
• It has one or more angles to avoid twisting of
the instrument.

10. • Working part of the instrument.
• Connected to the handle by
shank.
• Each blade has a cutting edge
that is the working end.

11. • Black classified all instruments according to:
• FUNCTION: Excavator.
• MANNER OF USE: Hand condenser.
• DESIGN OF WORKING END: Hatchet
• SHAPE OF THE SHANK: Mono-angle, bin
angle, contra-angle.
• These names were combined to form the
complete description of the instrument e.g, bin-angle
spoon excavator

12. • Hand cutting instruments have formulas
describing the dimensions and angles of
working end. Placed on the handle as three or
four figures.

13. • For instruments in which the primary
cutting edge is at a right angle to the
long axis of the blade.
14-10-16
• 14: Width of the blade (in tenths of
mm)
• 10: Length of the blade (in mm)
• 16: Angle (in centigrade) made by long
axis of the blade and the long axis of
the handle

14. 15-95-10-7
• 15: Width of the blade (in tenth of mm)
• 95: Primary cutting edge angle
(in centigrade)
• 10: Length of the blade (in mm)
• 7: Angle the blade makes with the
long axis of the handle (in
centigrade)

15. • Most cutting instruments have on the end of
blade a single bevel that forms the primary
cutting edge.
• Additional two bevel extends from primary
cutting edge for the length of the blade.
• This allows cutting in three dimensions.

16. CHISELS:
• Used primarily for cutting enamel
• Used with push motion.
• They are grouped as:
Straight, slightly curved or bin-angle
 Enamel hatchets
 Gingival margin trimmer

18. • Used primarily in anterior teeth, for
preparing retentive areas and sharpening
internal line angles.
• To remove unsupported enamel
• It comes as right and left types for use on
opposite sides of the preparation
• Used with push, pull & vertical motion.

19. • It is used to trim, smooth, and shape the gingival
floor of a cavity preparation.
• It is also used for rounding or beveling of the
axiopulpal line angle.
• Used with lateral scraping motion.

21. • Used to clean and smooth floor and walls in cavity
preparation and forming line angles.
• Used with a pulling motion
• Cutting edge or blade nearly perpendicular to handle.

22. • If the angle of the blade is less than 12.5 centigrade, it is
mono-angle chisel & if it is more than 12.5 centigrade, it
is hoe.

23. • Primarily used for sharpening internal line angles and
creating retentive features in dentine in preparation for
gold restorations.
• Used in 3 motions vertical, push and pull.

24. • Used to remove
 Soft carious dentine
 Temporary crowns
 Temporary cement in temporary restoration
 Permanent crown during try-in
• Discoid: Cutting edges are circular
• Cleoid: Cutting edges are claw like

27. MOUTH MIRROR:
• To reflect light in the mouth
• To retract lips, cheeks, and tongue
• To provide indirect vision

28. • It is used to examine caries, calculus, furcation.
• Variety of sizes and types
Orban
Pigtail
Shepherd’s hook

29. • To grasp or transfer items and/or material into
and out of the oral cavity.
• Plain or serrated tips.
• Pointed or rounded tips

31. DYCAL APPLICATOR
• To place calcium hydroxide or glass ionomer in
cavity preparation.

32. • It is used for mixing cements and carrying
materials.

33. • AMALGAM PLUGGER
• To carry and dispense amalgam for cavity preparation
• Single or double ended

34. CONDENSER
• Used to pack and condense amalgam into cavity
preparation
• Single or double sided
• Smooth or serrated ends
• Round or flat
• Small or large sizes

35. • Used to smooth amalgam after condensing.
• Burnish amalgam.
• It is also used to contour matrix band before
placement.
• It may be single or double ended.

37. • To carve occlusal anatomy into amalgam
restoration
• Single or double ended.

39. • Modified pen
• Inverted pen
• Palm and thumb
• Modified palm and thumb

44. • Summit
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