Upload By : Ahmed Ali Abbas Babylon University College of Dentistry download this file from Website on Google  TheOptimalSmile.wix.com

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Babylon University College of DentistryBabylon University College of Dentistry
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2. The Mandible
*lower jaw, largest,
strongest bone of face
*Body
*Ramus
By Ahmed Ali Abbas

4. Body
*2surfaces
*2borders

8. Surfaces:
outer surface:
-symphysis ment:
-mental protuberance: ( chin(.
with mental tubercles characterist of
human jaw
-mental foramen : below interval
between premolar teeth.
-oblique line ___ buccinator
-incisive fossa ___ between incisive
teeth

12. Inner surface:
-mylohyoid line: running from below 3rd
molor tooth, below genial tubercle
* mylohyoid muscle,
*superior constrictor muscle arise
from posterior end.
-lingnal nerve: related directly to
mandible between mylohyoid and
superior constrictor muscle.
-pterygomandibular raphe: attached
behind 3rd molar tooth.

16. -Below mylohyoid line there is
submandibular fossa , above
mylohyoid line there is sublingual
fossa
-genial tubercles: in posterior surface of
symphysis ment. Above mylohyoid
line . we have 2 tubercle , upper give
rise geniogloss.
Lower tubercle give rise geniohyaid
-mylohyoid groove: below posterior end
of mylohyoid line.

19. Two borders:
upper (alveolar) border:
bears 16 sockets for permanent
teeth
lower border ( base(:
-digastric fossa ___ anterior belly of
digastric
-deep cervical fascia
-platysma

22. Ramus:
Has : 2 surfaces
4border
2processes

23. 2Surfaces
1-lateral surface ____ insertion of masseter muscle
____ posteosuperior
part covered by
parotid gl.
2-medial surface
-mandibular foramen ___ mandibular canal ___
mental foramen
-lingula ___ tongue like projection from anterior
margin of mand. foramen for attachment of the
sphenomandibular ligament.
-mylohyaid groove : for mylohyoid nerve and
vessels which pierce sphenomandibular
ligament.
-insertion of medial pterygaid muscle behind
myloid groove.

24. 4border
Upper border ___ from mandibular
notch for crossed of
masseteric nerve
and vessels
Lower border ___ end behind angle of
mandible.
Anterior border ___ insertion of lower
fibers of temporalis m.
Posterior border ___ thick related to parotid
gland.

25. 2processes
1-coronoid process ___ insertion of
temporalis m.
2-condyloid process
*head for T.M.J.
*Neck ( auriculotemp n., maxillary a.(
Lateral pterygoid m.

34. Age changes in the mandible:
A- In infant and children:
-mental foramen open below two deciduous
molar teeth near lower border.
-mandibular canal run near lower border
-angle is obtuse ( 140 degree(
B- In adult:
-mental foramen open midway between
lower and upper border
-mandibular canal runs parallel with myloid
line.
-angle reduce to 110 or 120 degree

35. C- In old age:
-teeth fall , alveolar border
absorbed.
-mental foramen and mandibular
canal close to alveolar border.
-angle again become obtuse 140
degree.

36. Development of mandible
*Ossification in both ways cartilagenous
and membranous at 6th
week of
IUL(Intra utrine life(
*Meckle’s cartilage “primary cartilage”
appears at angles between incisive
and mental nerves, these branches of
inferior dental nerve.

37. Develop in cartilage:
Sup. 23 of ramus
condyloid, coronoid
incisive part
Develop in membrane:
Inferior third of ramus , body
*The two halves of man.fuses
with each other at 2-3 years.

38. Applied Anatomy
*commonly fracture at canine
socket.
*involvement of inferior alvalor n. in
callus cause neuralgic pain
*next common fracture occur at
angle.