This document summarizes various periodontal instrumentation used in pre-clinic periodontology courses. It describes different types of periodontal probes, scaling and root planing instruments including sickle scalers, curettes, and polishing instruments. For surgical instruments, it mentions blade 15, scalpel, silk suture, needle holder, and periodontal probe. Gracey curettes #5-6, 7-8, 11-12, and 13-14 and sickle scalers like U15/30 and CK6 are specifically noted.

1. Perio I
( pre-clinic periodontology course )
By /shaker al.samea
periodontal instrumentation

2. 1. Periodontal probes.
2. Scaling and root planning instruments.
3. Polishing instruments.
4. Periodontal surgical instruments.
8-Sep-13
2

3. Periodontal probes
8-Sep-13
3

4.  Function : to measure the depth of the pockets.
 General characteristics :
- tapered
- straight
- millimeter calibration
- blunt, rounded tip
- thin ( 0,5 mm at the end )
- the shank is angled to allow easy insertion
in the pocket.
8-Sep-13
4

5. 8-Sep-13
UNC-15 :
• a 15-mm-long probe with markings at each millimeter
• Color coding between 4-5 mm, 9-10 mm, 14-15 mm .
• very useful in periodontal research
Types of periodontal probes
UNC-15

6. 8-Sep-13
6
Williams probe
 Williams marking at :
1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9,10 mm
Williamsprobe

7. 8-Sep-13
Williams Goldman-Fox
- Goldman-Fox probe same as Williams probe`s calibration
- But it is flattened not round

8. 8-Sep-13
CP 12-S CP11 CP12
All of them color-coded
CP 12 : 0,3 mm at the end ( tip )
CP 12-S: modified/0,5 mm ball at the end/
Calibrations in 3-mm sections

9. 8-Sep-13
WHO probe
• 0,5 mm ball at the tip
• millimeter markings
at 3,5/ 5,5/ 8,5/ 11,5 mm
• color coding from
3,5 to 5,5 mm
WilliamsWHO CP12

10. Nabers probe :
 Curved
 Blunt for furcation
areas
 we can detect the
furcation areas
also with straight
probe.
8-Sep-13

11. 8-Sep-13
11
Scaling
and root planning
instruments

12. instrument design
8-Sep-13
12
Parts of each instrument
Working end
( blade )
Shank handle

13. The blade at the
same level with the
handle.
Different handles,
Diameter range
between 5 to 10 mm
8-Sep-13
13

14. From A to B
is the shank
(The lower part is
Terminal shank )
functional shank
length
8-Sep-13
14

15. 8-Sep-13
15
Types of shank
(A)A) Straight
(B)B) Curved
(C)C) Contraangled
(double angles)

16. ( A ) Rigid
( B ) fine design
(finishing design)
8-Sep-13
16

17. 8-Sep-13
17
Blade ( working end )
(B) Tip (C) Toe (H) Heel (F) back (D) Face
(G) lateral surface (E) cutting edge (internal angle )

18. 8-Sep-13
18

19.  Sickle scaler
 Curette
 File
 Chisel not more be used
 hoe
8-Sep-13
19
Types of scaling and
root planning instrument

20.  Characteristics ( design ) :
1.Triangular shape in cross section .
2.Two cutting edges . 3. pointed tip .
3.The angle between the blade and terminal shank is 90
8-Sep-13
20
Sickle scaler

21. Function :
 It is used primarily to remove supragingival calculus
 Some sickle scalers are small , curved , thin enough
to be inserted a few mm below the gingiva .
8-Sep-13
21

22. Types of scalers
1)- Different blade size.
2)- Different blade design
curved, or straight .
3)- Different shank type :
- Straight shanks are designed
for use on anterior teeth
and premolars.
- Angled shanks adapt to
posterior.
8-Sep-13
22

23. 8-Sep-13
204 S C103 CK6
Crane-Kaplan
Sickle scalers
angled shank, curved blade, different blade sizes

24. Curved or straight sickle scalers ?
8-Sep-13
24

25. 8-Sep-13
U15 CK6

26. General characteristics ( design ) :
1. Rounded toe, no sharp points, can be inserted
into deep pockets with minimal soft tissue
trauma.
2. In cross section , the blade
appear semicircular
( spoon-shaped blade )
3. Fine blade.
4. Curved blade.
8-Sep-13
26
curettes

27. Function :
 Removing deep subgingival calculus
 Root planning
Two basic types :
 Universal.
 Area-specific.
8-Sep-13
27

28.  The face is at a 90-degree angle with
terminal ( lower ) shank.
 Two cutting edge.
 What is the difference
between universal
Curette and sickle scaler?
8-Sep-13
28
Universal curettes

29. -Universal curettes-
Columbia curettes
8-Sep-13
29

30. 8-Sep-13
Columbia: 2R/2L 4R/4L

31.  Gracey curettes are a set of several
instruments designed to adapt to specific
anatomic areas of the dentition.
 The best instruments for subgingival scaling
and root planning because :
- they provide the best adaptation to
complex root surface anatomy.
- only one cutting edge, less damage to the
gingival soft tissues.
8-Sep-13
31
Area-specific curettes
( Gracey curettes )

32. 1. Blade is at 70 degrees from the lower shank
(offset blade). This angulation allows the blade to
be inserted in the precise position , provided parallel
lower shank with the long axis of the tooth surface
being scaled.
8-Sep-13
32
Design of Gracey curette

33. 2. Curved blade in two planes
blade curves up and to the side
3. One cutting edge.
8-Sep-13
33

34. Universal curetteGracey curette
All areas and surfacesspecific surfacesArea of use
two cutting edgeOne cutting edgeUse of cutting edge
Curved in one planeCurved in two planesCutting edge curvature
Not Offset , 90 degreesOffset blade, 70Blade angle
8-Sep-13
Universal curetteGracey curette

35. 8-Sep-13
35
• Larger, stronger, and less
flexible shank and blade
• Used to remove moderate-
to-heavy calculus
Rigid
design(A)
• Thinner shank, more
flexible,
• Enhanced tactile sensitivity,
used to finish root planning.
Finishing
design (B)
Rigidity type of shank

36.  Gracey # 1-2 and 3-4 : anterior teeth.
 Gracey # 5-6 : anterior teeth (and premolars).
 Gracey # 7-8 and 9-10: posterior teeth : facial and ligual.
 Gracey # 11-12 : posterior teeth : mesial
 Gracey # 13-14 : posterior teeth : distal .
8-Sep-13
36
Double-ended Gracey curettes
are 7 instruments

37. 8-Sep-13
Standard Gracey Curettes

38. Reduced set of Gracey
8-Sep-13
38
# 5-6 # 7-8 # 11-12 # 13-14

39.  It is a modification of the
standard 11-12
 Combines a Gracey :
#11-12 blade with a
#13-14 shank .
 It is allows better
adaptation to posterior
mesial surfaces, especially
on the mandibular molars
with an intraoral finger rest.
8-Sep-13
39
Gracey #15-16

40. 8-Sep-13
40
• They are modifications of the
standard Gracey curette
design. New features :
1. The terminal shank is 3 mm
longer ( allowing extension
into deeper periodontal
pockets of 5 mm or more).
2. A thinned blade . For
smoother insertion , and
reduced tissue stretching.
3. 1mm shorter blade
extended shank instruments
- After Five curette -

41.  Available After Five instruments :
#1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 , 11-12, 13-14
 Available in finishing (fine) or rigid designs:
- rigid After Five Gracey curettes
- finishing After Five Gracey curettes
8-Sep-13
41

42. Gracey curettes for posterior proximal surfaces
mesial surfaces distal surfaces
8-Sep-13
42

43.  Rigid standard #13-14 adapted to the distal surface
of the first molar. And rigid After Five #13-14
adapted to the distal surface of the second molar.
 Notice the extra long shank which allows deeper
insertion and better access.
8-Sep-13
43

44. They are modifications of
the After Five curettes
Features:
1. Blades are half the
length of the After Five
or standard Gracey
curettes.
2. Extended shank
8-Sep-13
44
Mini-bladed curettes
- Mini Five-

45. Function
Easier insertion and adaptation in any area
where root morphology or tight tissue
prevents full insertion of standard Gracey or
After Five blade :
1. deep, narrow pockets,
2. furcations,
3. developmental grooves,
4. line angles,
5. Deep, tight pockets.
8-Sep-13
45

46. Comparison of a standard Gracey # 5-6
with a Mini Five # 5-6 curette on the palatal
surfaces of the maxillary central incisors.
The Mini Five can be inserted to the base of
these tight pockets with vertical stroke.
8-Sep-13
46

47. - Available in both:
- rigid Mini Five Gracey curette
- finishing Mini Five Gracey curette
- available in all standard Gracey numbers
except for the # 9-10
- advantages :
1. can be used easily with vertical strokes,
2. With reduced tissue distention,
3. and without tissue trauma.
8-Sep-13
47

48.  Plastic instruments be used to avoid
scratching and damage to the implants.
8-Sep-13
48
Plastic instruments
for implants

49. 8-Sep-13
49
Oscillating scaler
Ultrasonic sonic
Used to remove
plaque,
Calculus,
stains.
Oscillating scaler systems
- power-driven scalers-

50.  The vibrations range from 20000 to
45000 cycle/second.
8-Sep-13
50
ultraonic scaler

51. 8-Sep-13
51
 Consists of a handpiece that attaches to
compressed air in dental unit.
 Vibrations at the sonic tip range from
2000 to 6500 cycle per seconds ( Hz ) .
Sonic scaler

52. 8-Sep-13
52
Polishing instruments

53. Goals of polishing
Remove stains
Smoothening
tooth surfaces
Polishing
instruments
Rubber
cup
Bristle
brush
Dental
tape
Air-powder
polishing
8-Sep-13
53

54.  Used in the handpiece with paste.
 There is disposable plastic prophylaxis angle
and rubber cup, may be used and then
discarded.
8-Sep-13
54
Rubber cup

55.  Are available in wheel and cup shapes.
 Is used in the handpiece with a polishing
paste.
 Should be used with low speed .
8-Sep-13
55
Bristle brushes

56. 8-Sep-13
56
Periodontal surgical
instruments

57. 8-Sep-13

58. Instruments will be used in Perio I
8-Sep-13
58
- blade 15 ( 2 pieces )
- scalpel
- silk suture (000)
- needle holder
- periodontal probe
- U15/30 , CK6 , or another fine sickle scalers available
in dental market ( like H5/33 , H6/H7 , … )
- Gracey curettes : / 5-6 / 7-8 / 11-12 / 13-14 /
- toothbrush

59. thanks