The document discusses gum recession, which is the exposure of the root surface of the tooth due to destruction of the marginal gingiva and junctional epithelium, causing them to re-establish at a more apical position. Key factors that can cause gum recession include bacterial plaque, trauma from improper toothbrushing techniques or materials, iatrogenic factors like overhanging fillings or appliances, and habits like fingernails or foreign objects that cause trauma. Symptoms of recession caused by gingivitis may include bleeding gums, bad breath, and sensitivity to hot or cold.

3. Exposition of the
radicular surface of the
tooth due to
destruction of the
marginal gingiva and
of the juntional
epithelium that will be
re-established at a
more apical position.

7. `

9.  Shallow narrow
 Deep narrow
 Shallow wide
 Deep wide

10. DETERMINANT
FACTORS
•Bacterial Plaque
 O`Leary et al found direct
correlation between the increase of
plaque index and the increase of
marginal tissue recession
•Trauma from toothbrushing
 Improper technique
 Wrong toothbrush
•Iatrogenic Factors
 Amalgam or prosthetic overhang
 Clamps
 Orthodontic appliances
•Habits
 Fingernails or any foreign object

12.  Buccally displaced teeth or
rotated tooth due to altered tooth-
bone relationship
 High frenum insertion
 Shallow buccal fold that
produce tension on the marginal
gingiva

13. STILLMAN’S CLEFT

15. :

16. SYMPTOMS:
If the gum recession is caused by GINGIVITIS, the
following symptoms may also be present