A concise and brief presentation on cleaning and shaping of root canals. Colorful and well pictured. Ideal for UG students and PG students to get a good understanding of BMP techniques.
a detailed account of the principles of tooth preparation with main reference from Shillingburg
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
this contains the steps for the class 1 cavity preparation for amalgam in detail. also contains the difference between composite and amalgam cavity preparation.
A concise and brief presentation on cleaning and shaping of root canals. Colorful and well pictured. Ideal for UG students and PG students to get a good understanding of BMP techniques.
a detailed account of the principles of tooth preparation with main reference from Shillingburg
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
this contains the steps for the class 1 cavity preparation for amalgam in detail. also contains the difference between composite and amalgam cavity preparation.
An inlay may cap none, or may cap all but one cusp.
Sturdevant’s 4th ed. page579
Inlays may be used as single-tooth restorations for proximo-occlusal or gingival lesions with minimal to moderate extensions
Shillingburg page 1
An inlay may be defined as a restoration which has been constructed out of mouth from gold, porcelain, or other material & then cemented into the prepared cavity of a tooth.
William McGehee pg410
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
An inlay may cap none, or may cap all but one cusp.
Sturdevant’s 4th ed. page579
Inlays may be used as single-tooth restorations for proximo-occlusal or gingival lesions with minimal to moderate extensions
Shillingburg page 1
An inlay may be defined as a restoration which has been constructed out of mouth from gold, porcelain, or other material & then cemented into the prepared cavity of a tooth.
William McGehee pg410
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
The presentation depicts in a very simplified manner the steps of cavity preparation and restoration of class 3 and class 5 composite restoration. It is well supported with illustrations that further provide a better understanding of the topic.
Tooth preparation is an important part of dentistry. understanding the steps and principles are essential for a optimal and successful treatment outcome. check my blog toothbook.in for further interesting dental contents.
composites in conservative dentistry for under graduate in bds
amrita school of dentistry kochi oedipally Ernakulam , Secrets the college wont teach you .
Enumeration of all Class V Cavity designs from all standard PG textbooks of Conservative dentistry including Sturdevant, Marzouk, Charbeneau, Summit and Sikri
Composite dental restorations represent a unique class of biomaterials with severe restrictions on biocompatibility, curing behaviour, aesthetics, and ultimate material properties. These materials are presently limited by shrinkage and polymerization-induced shrinkage stress, limited toughness, the presence of unreacted monomer that remains following the polymerization, and several other factors. Fortunately, these materials have been the focus of a great deal of research in recent years with the goal of improving restoration performance by changing the initiation system, monomers, and fillers and their coupling agents, and by developing novel polymerization strategies.
One of the most dreaded nightmares of any clinician is broken instruments in the midst of an endodontic treatment. NiTi rotary instruments show a high incidence of instrument fracture despite their favourable qualities.
A biofilm is a highly organized structure consisting of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix attached on a surface. Root canal infections are biofilm mediated. The complexity and variability of the root canal system, together with the multi-species nature of biofilms, make disinfection of this system extremely challenging.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
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- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
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- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
2. Contents
General considerations- Indications &
Contraindications
Clinical Technique
a. Initial clinical procedures
b. Class III cavity preparation
c. Class IV cavity preparation
d. Class V cavity preparation
References
3. Indications
Esthetic prominent areas
Operating area can be adequately isolated to
attain an effective bond
Tooth preparations have all-enamel margins
(Best).
4. Contraindications
Operating area that cannot be adequately isolated
Class V restorations in areas that are not
esthetically critical
Restorations that extend onto the root surface.
6. INITIAL CLINICAL
PROCEDURES
Anesthesia may be necessary for patient
comfort, and if used, will help decrease the
salivary flow during the procedure
Occlusal assessments should be made to help
in properly adjusting the restoration's function and
in determining the tooth preparation design.
The shade must be selected before the tooth
dehydrates
Proper Isolation to permit effective bonding
9. (1) Obtaining access to the defect (caries, fracture, non-carious defect)
(2) Removing faulty structures (caries, defective dentin and enamel,
defective restoration, base material),
(3) Creating the convenience form for the restoration.
(4) In most cases, an enamel bevel is used on the facial cavosurface
margins to increase the surface area for bonding, and to provide a
gradual transition from the restoration to the surrounding tooth
structure for esthetics.
(5) Obtaining access to the defect may include removal of sound enamel
to access carious dentin.
(6) The extension of the preparation is, therefore, ultimately dictated by
the extension of the fault or defect..
Class III Cavity preparation
10. Class III Cavity preparation
Cavity Designs:
A. Conventional- when
caries is entirely on root
surface
B. Beveled Conventional-
When the cavity is large &
have enamel margins.
Bevel is given at an angle
of 45° to the cavosurface
C. Modified- When the
carious lesion is small &
C
B
11. Class III Cavity preparation
D. Combination design- cavity margins
both on enamel (beveled) & dentin
Enamel Bevel
Gingival retention groove
12.
13.
14.
15.
16. LINGUALAPPROACH
The advantages of restoring the proximal lesion
from the lingual approach include:
1. The facial enamel is conserved for enhanced esthetics.
2. Some unsupported, but not friable, enamel may be left on
the facial wall of a Class III or Class IV preparation.
3. Color matching of the composite is not as critical.
4. Discoloration or deterioration of the restoration is less
visible.
20. INDICATIONS FOR FACIALAPPROACH
1. The carious lesion is positioned facially such that facial access
would significantly conserve tooth structure.
2. The teeth are irregularly aligned, making lingual access undesirable.
3. Extensive caries extend onto the facial surface.
4. A faulty restoration that was originally placed from
facial approach needs to be replaced.
21. preparation, facial
approach
A, Small proximal caries lesion on the
mesial surface of a maxillary lateral
incisor.
B, Dotted line indicates normal outline
form dictated by shape of the caries
lesion.
C, Extension (convenience form)
required for preparing and restoring
preparation from lingual approach
when teeth are in normal alignment.
D–H, Clinical case showing
conservative Class III preparation,
facial approach.
D, Facial view of a caries lesion on the
30. Class IV cavity preparation
Cavity Designs:
A. Beveled
conventional
B. Modified
31. The outline form
Round carbide bur or diamond instrument at high speed with air-water
coolant.
Remove all weakened enamel and establish the initial axial wall depth at
0.5mm into dentin
Prepare the walls as much as possible parallel and perpendicular to the long
axis of the tooth.
Excavate any remaining infected dentin as the first step of final tooth
preparation.
If necessary, apply a calcium hydroxide liner.
Cavosurface margin BEVEL
• 45-degree angle to the external tooth surface with a flame-shaped or
• Round diamond width of the bevel should be 0.25 to 2 mm,
32. Retention and resistance form
(Heavy occlusion and large Class IV requires increased retention
and resistance form).
A more conventional tooth preparation form, with
more resistance form
Proximal facial and lingual preparation walls that
form 90-degree cavosurface angles, which are
subsequently bevelled.
Gingival floor prepared perpendicular to the long axis
of the tooth.
This boxlike form may provide greater resistance to
fracture of the restoration and tooth from masticatory
forces.
33. Retention form features
Indicated in large Class IV preparations in which rounded undercuts are placed in the dentin along line
angles and into point angles wherever possible, without undermining the enamel
Retention of the composite restorative material in
beveled conventional Class IV tooth preparations may
be obtained by
- groove or other shaped undercuts
- dovetail extensions
- threaded pins
or a combination of these gingival and incisal retentive
undercuts.
Prepare a gingival retention groove using a No. 1/4
round bur.
It is prepared 0.2 mm inside the DEJ at a depth of
0.25mm (half the diameter of the No. 1/4 bur) and at an
angle bisecting the junction of the axial wall and gingival
wall.
34. PINS ???
An arbitrary dovetail extension onto the lingual surface of the
tooth may enhance both the restorations strength and retention,
but it is less conservative and therefore not used often.
Although pin retention is sometimes necessary, the use of pins in
composite restorations is discouraged for several reasons:
(1) The placement of pins in anterior teeth involves the risk of
perforation either into the pulp or through the external surface.
(2) Pins do not enhance the strength of the restorative material
(3) Some pins may corrode resulting in significant discoloration of
the tooth and restoration
35. Modified Class IV Tooth
Preparation
Indicated for small or moderate Class IV lesions or
traumatic defects.
The objective of the tooth preparation is to remove as
little tooth structure as possible, while removing the
fault and providing for appropriate retention and
resistance forms.
Usually little or no initial tooth preparation is indicated
for fractured incisal corners, other than roughening
the fractured tooth structure.
The cavosurface margins are prepared with a
bevelled configuration; the axial depth is dependent
on the extent of the lesion, previous restoration, or
fracture, but initially no deeper than 0.2 mm inside the
DEJ.
36. • The retention is obtained
primarily from the bonding
strength of the composite to
the enamel and dentin.
• The treatment of teeth with
minor traumatic fractures
requires less preparation than
the beveled conventional.
Example.
If the fracture is confined to enamel,
adequate retention usually can be
attained by simply beveling sharp
cavosurface margins in the fractured
area with a flame-shaped diamond
.
Modified Class IV Tooth Preparation
37.
38.
39.
40. INCISAL STEP 45' BEVEL :
This conservative design is employed for
simple
Class IV cavities, that is, those with
minimal mesiodistal loss of tooth
structure that are subject to low to
moderate incisal forces (Fig. 2a).
INCISAL STEP VENEER BEVEL
This design circumvents the need for
pins and
is employed for complex Class IV
cavities, that is,
those that are wide mesio-distally and/or
subject to high incisal forces or have a
history of repeated
failures
54. Class V cavity preparation
Cavity designs:
A. Conventional
B. Beveled
conventional
C. Combination
D. Modified
Beveled conventional
Modified
55. CLASS V DIRECT COMPOSITE
RESTORATIONS
Class V restorations are done on the gingival
third of facial and lingual surfaces of
all teeth.
Initial clinical procedures:
Occlusal evaluation not required for class V
restorations.
During shade selection, it must be remembered
that tooth is darker and more
opaque in the cervical third.
Isolation - rubber dam
56. TOOTH PREPARATION
After the usual preliminary procedures, the initial
tooth preparation is accomplished
with a round diamond bur, eliminating the entire
enamel lesion or defect.
• The completed preparation is made with etched
enamel and primed dentin.
CLASS V DIRECT COMPOSITE
RESTORATIONS
57. Class V Tooth Preparation for Small
lesions not extending into root
surface
58. Class V Tooth Preparation for Large
lesions extending onto root surface
Class V tooth preparation
A. Lesion extending onto root
surface.
B. Initial tooth preparation with 90°
cavosurface margins and axial
wall depth of 0.75 mm.
C. Remaining infected dentin
excavated, incisal enamel margin
beveled and gingival retention
form
prepared.
59.
60.
61. References
Sturdevant's art & science of operative dentistry-
2006- Theodore M. Roberson, Harald O. Heymann,
Edward J. Swift, Jr.
Principles of operative dentistry (2005)- A.J.E.
Qualtrough, J.D. Satterthwaite, L.A. Morrow and
P.A. Brunton.
Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry- 2nd Edition-
Summitt & Robbins