Guidance and counselling - meaning, definition, principles, scope, nature, characteristics, need in school, limitations, difference between guidance and counseling.....
guidance and counseling is critical for pupils at school. so that you tap their potential and help them reap to maximum potential, guidance is critical. this is a guide to help you help the pupils at school
Topic: Functions & Scope of Guidance & Counselling
Student Name: Numrah
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Topic: Functions & Scope of Guidance
Student Name: Zaree
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Guidance and counselling - meaning, definition, principles, scope, nature, characteristics, need in school, limitations, difference between guidance and counseling.....
guidance and counseling is critical for pupils at school. so that you tap their potential and help them reap to maximum potential, guidance is critical. this is a guide to help you help the pupils at school
Topic: Functions & Scope of Guidance & Counselling
Student Name: Numrah
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Topic: Functions & Scope of Guidance
Student Name: Zaree
Class: M.Ed
Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)"
"Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain
Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan
Guidance and Counselling, the way toward helping people find and build up their instructive, professional, and mental possibilities and in this manner to accomplish an ideal degree of individual bliss and social convenience
Guidance and counseling is the process which helps the students to know their skills, interests, personality that will help students in further career selection. ... Guidance is the process in which person able to know their ability, interest, a capacity that will help in the encounter of problems faced by them.
Guidance and Counselling, the way toward helping people find and build up their instructive, professional, and mental possibilities and in this manner to accomplish an ideal degree of individual bliss and social convenience
Guidance and counseling is the process which helps the students to know their skills, interests, personality that will help students in further career selection. ... Guidance is the process in which person able to know their ability, interest, a capacity that will help in the encounter of problems faced by them.
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING, psychology, Psychiatric Nursing, Communication Education and technology, Society Improvement, Family Problems, Students Counselling and other financial problems
Guidance is an assistance made available by a competent counselor to an individual of any age to help him direct his own life, develop his own point of view, make his own decision & carry his own burden.
Counseling is essentially a process in which the counselor assists the counselee to make interpretations of facts relating to a choice, plan or adjustment which he needs to make.
----COUNSELING----- , 1st Year GNM NursingMohan Kgowda
COUNSELING
COUNSELING denotes “ Giving of Advice”
Counseling comes from the Latin word “Consilum” meaning plan, advice.
Counseling is a talking therapy that allows people to discuss their problems with trained professionals.
Counseling is a helping process aimed at- problem solving.
Counseling – done with individual, group or with couple.
Definition :-
Counseling is face to face communication by which counselor help the counselee to make decision or solve a problem and act on them.
Purposes of Counseling :-
• First is to identify the problems of person
• Attainment of good mental health
• To encourage people to be motivated by educational objectives.
• Assists in resolving issues (anxiety, fear, attitude etc)
• Counseling to help people make better decisions.
Principles of Counseling :-
Principle of acceptance
Principles of permissiveness
Principle of respect
Principle of thinking
Principle of learning
Professional
Principle of acceptance:-
Counselor should give response of clients rights. The counselor should accept client as a patient. Their care should equal for all patient. They should not justify the rich, poor, handsome, beauty etc. in nursing field.
Principles of permissiveness:-
Counseling is a relationship between the counselor and learner.
For example:- The teacher should give permission express their issues. The teacher should give freedom to the students.
Principle of respect:-
The counselor should give respect the individual and their rights. Counselor should collaborate the individual decision making.
For example:- a individual comes with some issue to counselor, the counselor should listen the issues and try to solve his/ her issues.
Principle of thinking:-
Counseling is a process of thinking for the learner or individual. The counselor should thinking about the individual problems. And counselor should think how to give better solution to the individual problems.
Principle of learning:-
Learning is a ongoing process. The learner can learn by the counselor. The counselor know the various strategies of learning process.
Professional:-
Counseling should not be carried out by any body. It require a specialized , skilled & trained person i.e. counselor.
Scope of Counseling:-
The scope of counseling are inevitable. Each and every individual needs a positive and optimistic mind set. The scope of counseling covers various aspects of human life including
• Individual Counseling
Identify problems, relationships, anxiety, depression, family problems, behavior management, gender (identity and sexuality), grief
, drug abuse, eating disorders, HIV, spirituality, status and middle age syndrome.
• Marital and Pre-Marital Counseling
Marital and relationship dynamics, Relationship and fertility issues.
• Family Counseling
Children and adult behaviors, divorce , separation problems and adjustments, family problems, life stages, parenting and remarriage relationship counseling.
Presentation on COUNSELING. 1ST YEAR GNM ,COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSINGKREDASONBANGALORE
COUNSELING
COUNSELING denotes “ Giving of Advice”
Counseling comes from the Latin word “Consilum” meaning plan, advice.
Counseling is a talking therapy that allows people to discuss their problems with trained professionals.
Counseling is a helping process aimed at- problem solving.
Counseling – done with individual, group or with couple.
Definition :-
Counseling is face to face communication by which counselor help the counselee to make decision or solve a problem and act on them.
Purposes of Counseling :-
• First is to identify the problems of person
• Attainment of good mental health
• To encourage people to be motivated by educational objectives.
• Assists in resolving issues (anxiety, fear, attitude etc)
• Counseling to help people make better decisions.
Principles of Counseling :-
Principle of acceptance
Principles of permissiveness
Principle of respect
Principle of thinking
Principle of learning
Professional
Principle of acceptance:-
Counselor should give response of clients rights. The counselor should accept client as a patient. Their care should equal for all patient. They should not justify the rich, poor, handsome, beauty etc. in nursing field.
Principles of permissiveness:-
Counseling is a relationship between the counselor and learner.
For example:- The teacher should give permission express their issues. The teacher should give freedom to the students.
Principle of respect:-
The counselor should give respect the individual and their rights. Counselor should collaborate the individual decision making.
For example:- a individual comes with some issue to counselor, the counselor should listen the issues and try to solve his/ her issues.
Principle of thinking:-
Counseling is a process of thinking for the learner or individual. The counselor should thinking about the individual problems. And counselor should think how to give better solution to the individual problems.
Principle of learning:-
Learning is a ongoing process. The learner can learn by the counselor. The counselor know the various strategies of learning process.
Professional:-
Counseling should not be carried out by any body. It require a specialized , skilled & trained person i.e. counselor.
Scope of Counseling:-
The scope of counseling are inevitable. Each and every individual needs a positive and optimistic mind set. The scope of counseling covers various aspects of human life including
• Individual Counseling
Identify problems, relationships, anxiety, depression, family problems, behavior management, gender (identity and sexuality), grief
, drug abuse, eating disorders, HIV, spirituality, status and middle age syndrome.
• Marital and Pre-Marital Counseling
Marital and relationship dynamics, Relationship and fertility issues.
• Family Counseling
Children and adult behaviors, divorce , separation problems and adjustments, family problems, life stages, parenting and remarriage relationship counseling.
COUNS
Theoretical approaches to psychiatric nursing carepiyushparashar13
nursing practice is based on theoretical concepts. theory guides the nurse to understand human behavior and implement the nursing care plan effectively on patients with maladaptive behavior. theory is a belief, policy or procedure followed as the basis of action.
after reading this,you will be able to define mental illness, identify misconception of mental illness , describe the fears of a student nurse in caring the mentally ill patients. discuss the various models/ approaches of studying normal and abnormal behavior. overcome the fears of caring patients with mental illness.
it is an introduction to the sociology. sociology is an interesting subject. sociology is one of a group of social sciences, which also includes anthropology, economics, political science and history. please read this and get knowledge.
leadership is a quality that can be inborn or can be acquired from the society. leadership is a unique quality.leaders are not inborn but they emerge or are created by circumstances. a leader is always questionable to his subjects. a leader is one takes whole blame of defeat on himself or herself. this ppt is also on leadership in medical facilities. it teaches us how to take a stand during medical emergencies. please read his and get knowledge. stay tuned.
asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes airway hyper responsiveness, mucosal edema and mucous production. this inflammation ultimately leads to recurrent episodes of asthma symptoms. asthma can occur at any age. please read this ppt and get knowledge. stay tune.
Integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness (piyushparashar13
IMNCI developed by WHO, strategy develop by WHO in collaboration with UNICEF and many other agencies in mid- 1990s, combines improved management of common childhood illnesses as well as prevention of diseases and promotion of health by dealing with counseling on feeding, immunization and assessment of other problems. please read this and get kinowledge. stay tuned.
Kangaroo mother care is generally given to low birth weight babies. it is very essential for baby's health. there are many benefits of KMC as it provides warmth to he child, helps in breast feeding and helps in maintaining good attachment. please read this and get knowledge. this information will help young mothers more. stay tuned.
Abortion is the expulsion or extraction from its mother of an embryo or fetus weighing 500g or less when it is not capable of independent survival . there are many types of abortion. for this yo u read this ppt and also be ready to watch its next part. so read it and get information about miscarriage. it is an important topic in obstetrics. stay tuned.
nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is very common. it may be a manifestation of some medical - surgical - gynecological complications. hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe type of vomiting in pregnancy which has got deleterious effects on the health of the mother. it is a very important topic and it is also a topic in obstetrics. we should encourage and help young mothers to identify the symptoms. please read it and get knowledge about nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. stay tuned.
It is a chapter in obstetrics. it is important to know what happens after pregnancy. it includes definition, involution of the uterus,lochia, general physiological changes , lactation, physiology of lactation etc. it is very knowledgeable ppt. please read this vey carefully.
Appendicitis is characterized by inflammation of the appendix. it is most common abdominal emergency encountered in children. most common symptom is pain., vomiting and low - grade fever. Here, nurses play an important role in managing the problem before the doctor arrives. so read this out and it will help you in the future.
It is an important topic in today's world. today it has become important to educate our children about child abuse. read this and get information about the child abuse and why it is a hinderence in our country's progress.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. INTRODUCTION
■ One of the most important areas in education which has acquired considerable
importance and received much attention in recent years is guidance and
counseling.
■ Present day nurses have to acquire some specialized knowledge regarding guidance
and counseling in order to guide the patients tactfully in this highly competitive
world.
3. GUIDANCE
■ Guidance is the assistance made available by
qualified and trained person to an individual of
any age, to help him to manage his own life
activities, develop his point of view, make his
own decision and carry on his own burden.
4. PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE
■ ACCORDING TO Crow and Crow(1951), there are 14 principles of guidance.
• Every aspect of an individual’s complex personality patterns constitutes a significant
factor of his total display of attitude and behaviors.
• All human beings are similar in many ways, individual differences must be
recognized.
• The function of guidance is to help person formulate and accept stimulating
worthwhile, and attainable goals of behavior.
• Existing social, economic and political unrest is giving rise to many maladjustive
factors that require the co-operation of experienced guidance workers.
• Guidance is a continuous process.
• Guidance is not limited to few.
• Guidance is education.
5. • Generally accepted areas of guidance include concern with extent to
which an individual’s physical and mental health interferes with his
adjustment to home, school and vocational demands.
• Guidance is fundamentally the responsibility of parents in the home and
teachers in the school.
• Specific guidance problems in any age level should be referred to
persons trained to deal with particular areas of adjustment.
• Programs of individual evaluation and research should be conducted,
and progress and achievement made accessible to guidance workers.
• The guidance program should be flexible in terms of individual and
community needs or else it will lose its value.
• Continuous or periodic appraisals should be made.
• Guidance is preventive rather than curative.
6. AREAS OF GUIDANCE
■ Every individual, at some time or other needs help to become happier, more creative
and better adjusted in family and society. There are several areas, where a student
requires assistance. These areas can be classified into education , vocation,
personal, social, avocation, health, moral, religion and financial.
Educational Guidance: It helps the students to get maximum benefit out of education
and solve their problems related to education.
Vocational Guidance: It is the assistance provided for selection of a vocation and
preparation for the same.
Personal Guidance: It refers to the guidance offered to students enabling them to
adjust well to their environment and become good citizens.
Social Guidance: It enables the students to make substantial contributions to the
society, assume leadership, confirm to the social norms, work as team members,
develop healthy and positive attitudes, appreciate the problems of society, respect
the opinions and sentiments of fellow human beings, acquire traits of patience,
perseverance and friendship.
7. ■ Avocational Guidance: It is the assistance provided to students
for spending their available leisure time profitably. Activities and
programs outside the formal classrooms provide many
opportunities for the blossoming of inborn talents.
■ Health guidance: It implies the assistance rendered to students
for maintaining sound health.
■ Financial Guidance: The function of this is to help the needy
students in determining the financial assistance they need in the
light of expected expenses and to get it from financial
organizations after completing the formalities.
8. COUNSELING
■ Counseling is an accepting, trusting and safe
relationship in which clients learn to discuss openly
what worries and upsets them, to define precise
behavior goals to acquire essential social skills and
to develop the courage and self- confidence to
implement the desired new behaviors.
9. PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING
■ RESPECT: Counselors ability lies in communicating to the client, the
belief that every person possess an inherent strength and capacity,
the right to choose he/her own alternatives and make his/her own
decisions.
■ AUTHENTICITY: Counselor should have genuineness, honesty and
simplicity and avoid superiority feeling.
■ NON- POSSESSIVE WARMTH: Demonstration of concern, interest
and value for others and a deep concern for the well- being of the
other person.
■ NON- JUDGEMENTAL ATTITUDE: Avoid bias making assumptions or
judgements about the client.
10. ■ ACCURATE UNDERSTANDING OF THE CLIENT: It includes
precise evaluation of the perceptual and cognitive behavior of
the individual.
■ RECOGNIZING THE CLIENT’S POTENTIAL: Recognizing the
strengths and abilities of the client.
■ CONFIDENTIALITY: Maintain confidentiality and develop trust.
Avoid revealing client’s identity, personal details and other
information without consent. Assure confidentiality to the
client.
11. WHO SHOULD BE COUNSELED?
■ The following types of students are in urgent need of counseling:
o Students who have a consistent record of under achievement.
o Students whose scholastic achievement has dropped suddenly.
o Students who find it difficult to participate in the class and extracurricular
activities.
o Students who use exhibitionism for gaining recognition or attention in class.
o Students who find it difficult to adjust to the college or clinical areas.
o Students who suddenly decide to drop out of college.
o Students who display unusual ability in any direction- intellectual, artistic,
musical, etc.
o Students who have behavioral problems such as drug addiction, aggressiveness,
bullying, stealing, shyness, timidity, etc.
12. TYPES OF COUNSELING
■ INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING: It is a one- to- one helping
relationship between the counselor and the counseled. It is
focused upon the individual’s need for growth and
adjustment, problem solving and decision making.
This type of counseling requires counselors with
highest level of training and professional skills.
GROUP COUNSELING: This type of counseling sometimes
successful with clients who have not responded well to
individual counseling. This group interaction helps the
individual to gain insight into his problems by listening to
others discussing their difficulties.
13. PHASES OF COUNSELING
APPOINTMENT AND ESTABLISHING RELATIONSHIP
ASSESSMENT
DIAGNOSIS
SETTING GOALS
INTERVENTION
TERMINATION AND FOLLOW UP
14. ATTRIBUTES AND SKILLS
REQUIRED FOR COUNSELOR
■ PRETRAINING ATTRIBUTES: A person who has awareness of hi/her
needs, feelings, personal strengths and weaknesses, acts as a good
counselor.
■ GOOD PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
■ SENSITIVITY: A person having the ability to understand an individual
acts a good counselor.
■ OPEN- MINDEDNESS
■ OBJECTIVITY
■ TRUSTWORTHINESS
■ APPROACHABILITY
15. GUIDELINES FOR SUCCESSFUL
COUNSELING
■ A very careful scheduling of the counseling sessions should
be done. Make appointments; this saves time.
■ Provide privacy and maintain confidentiality.
■ Know the client before he/she comes for the session.
Gather data from different sources.
■ Know your own personality; this prevents your opinions or
attitudes from affecting the objectivity of your perception of
the client’s problem.
■ Be a good listener.
16. TECHNIQUES/APPROACHES TO
COUNSELING
■ DIRECTIVE OR COUNSELOR CENTERED COUNSELING: The counselor is
active and directs the individual in making decisions and finding
solutions to problems. The counselor does not force the individual, but
directs process of thinking of counselee by informing, explaining,
interpreting and advising.
■ NON- DIRECTIVE or CLIENT- CENTERED COUNSELING: Counselee is
guided to use his/ her own inner resources to solve the problem. In this
approach, the counselee plays a predominant role.
■ ECLECTIC COUNSELING: The strategy arises out of the appropriate
knowledge of individual behavior and a combination of directive and
other approaches.
17. AREAS OF COUNSELING
■ COUNSELING ABOUT RISKS: It involves giving information about a
problem. Providing opportunity to reflect on the impact of the
problem on daily life.
■ COUNSELING TO RELIEVE DISTRESS: Counseling is undertaken for
clients who are reacting to difficult circumstances.
■ INTERPERSONAL COUNSELING: It is focused on change in life events,
sources of persistent distress in the family or place of work and
current difficulties in relationships.
■ MARRIAGE GUIDANCE COUNSELING: It is directed towards helping
couples to talk constructively about problems in their relationship,
understand each other.
18. ■ PROBLEM SOLVING COUNSELLING- In problem solving counselling the client is
helped to do the following:
o List problems that are causing distress.
o Consider courses of action to solve each problem.
o Select one problem and try out the course of action that appears most
practical.
o Review the results.
o Choose another problem for solution, if first action has been succeeded.
o These steps are carried out in context of a caring relationship.
BEREAVEMENT COUNSELING: It focuses on working through the stages of grief.
It provides an opportunity for emotional release, and advice about the practical
problems of living without the deceased person.
19. ■ CRISIS INTERVENTION: It is a form of counseling designed to
help individuals to adapt to the immediate effects of severe
life events, while acquiring better ways of dealing with future
stressful circumstances.
this approach is used to treat emotional reactions or
disturbed behavior arising in response to crisis situations such
as marriage breakdown, rape, unexpected bereavement and
natural disasters such floods etc.
In crisis intervention, the most important aim is that client
should recognize that he/she has learnt a general method of
dealing with stressful conditions which can be used for solving
future problems.
20. PURPOSES OF GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELING
■ Aiding the individual in the identification of his abilities, aptitudes, interests and
attitudes.
■ Assisting the individual to understand, accept and utilize these traits.
■ Helping the individuals to recognize his/her aspirations in the light of his/ her traits.
■ Providing the individual with opportunity for learning areas of occupation and
educational endeavors.
■ Aiding the individual in the development of value senses.
■ Helping the individual in developing his potentials to their optimum, so that he may
become the individual he is capable of becoming.
■ Assisting the individual in obtaining experience, which will assist him in the making
of free and wise choices.
■ Aiding the individual in becoming more and more self- directive.
21. Guidance and counseling in Hospital
■ The problem created due to illness vary not only with each
individual patient but also with different stages of illness and at
different points of the patient’s hospital experience.
■ When dealing with sick people the counselor must keep in mind
that they are particularly susceptible to strains, stress and
conflicts and are often complaining, demanding and fault finding.
■ They may misinterpret what is conveyed to them.
22. PROBLEMS FACED BY SICK PEOPLE
■ FEAR, ANXIETY AND FRUSTATION
■ FEELING OF INSECURITY AND HELPLESSNESS
■ PROBLEMS AT DISCHARGE: During discharge, if the
patient carries incapacitating residue of illness, it is
likely to interfere either temporarily or even permanently
with normal functioning. Encouraging the patient in
planning for his/her to assume a greater degree of self-
direction.
23. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
■ Guidance and counseling assist nurses in developing proper attitude, commitment,
dedication and other qualities required for a successful nursing practice. The need
for guidance and counseling in nursing education can be summarized as follows:
To help students adjust with new environment in the nursing institute.
To help in developing qualities required for a successful nursing practice.
To help students in getting adjusted with the clinical environment.
To help students keep in touch with latest trends in nursing and to reap benefits
from the trends.
To help students in developing positive learning habits, especially in skill learning, so
that they can retain and transfer the learned lessons in a better way,
To help in the development of appropriate coping strategies in order to deal with
stress in a productive manner.
To help them develop a positive attitude towards life.
To help them overcome periods of turmoil and confusion.
24. To help students in developing their leadership qualities.
To motivate them for taking membership in professional organizations after
completing their studies.
To help them take advantage of the technological advancements in patient
care.
To help them develop readiness for change and face challenges both in
personal, as well as professional life.
To help them carry out responsibilities as a worthwhile health team member
To help them in proper selection of careers both in India and abroad.
Motivate them to pursue higher education according to their abilities and
interest.
To assist the needy students in availing financial assistance from appropriate
organizations.
25. REVIEW QUESTIONS
■ Define guidance.
■ Write principles of guidance.
■ Define counseling.
■ List types of counseling.
■ List the techniques or approaches to counseling.
■ List purposes of Guidance and Counseling.