This microteaching document discusses trends and issues in guidance and counseling. It defines guidance as assistance given to help individuals make intelligent choices and adjustments. Counseling is defined as helping clients see things more clearly from a different perspective to facilitate positive change. The document outlines the need for guidance and counseling in education due to increasing student numbers and career uncertainties. It describes the types of guidance including educational, vocational, personal, health, social, and advocational. The document also discusses the qualities of counselors, counseling strategies, levels of counseling, counseling approaches, and issues for counseling in nursing.

2. MICRO TEACHING ON :TRENDS
AND ISSUES IN GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELLING
PRESENTED BY :
DIMPLE WARRIOR
MSc (N) 1st YEAR

3. CONTENTS
1.Definitions
2.Need of guidance and counselling in education
3.Nature of guidance
4.Types of guidance
5.Qualities of guide and counsellor
6.Strategies of guidance
7.Levels of counselling
8.Approaches of counselling
9.Issues for counselling in nursing

4. WHAT IS GUIDANCE ...?
“Guidance is an assistance given to the individual in
making intelligence choices & adjustments.”
A. J. Jones

5. ‘‘Guidance is a means of helping individuals to
understand and use wisely the educational , Vocational
and personal opportunities they have or can develop
and as a form of systematic assistance whereby
students are aided in achieving satisfactory adjustment
to school & to life.”
Dunsmoor & Miller

6. WHAT IS COUNSELLING …?

7. DEFINITION
The act of helping the client to see things more
clearly, possibly from a different view-point. This can
enable the client to focus on feelings, experiences or
behavior, with a goal of facilitating positive change.

8. NEED OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING IN EDUCATION
....?
1.Increasing aspirants in all sectors of education.
2.Expansion and diversification in courses of study.
3.Mounting number of unemployed graduates.
4.Growing unrest and disturbances in educational sectors.
5.Uncertainties in career and higher education.
6.Social , personal , mental developments and adjustments .

10. TYPES OF GUIDANCE …?
1. EDUCATIONAL GUIDANCE
2. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE
3. PERSONAL GUIDANCE
4. HEALTH GUIDANCE
5. SOCIAL GUIDANCE
6.ADVOCATIONAL GUIDANCE

11. 1. EDUCATIONAL GUIDANCE

12. 1 . Educational Guidance :
It refers to that guidance that a child or
students need during his school life. Also, it
helps them to resolve the problems that they
face in school. In addition, it gives all the
required details that children need related to
the school they find most suitable.

13. 2. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE

14. 2. Vocational Guidance :
is assistance in choosing a career or profession
or in making employment or training decisions.
An example of vocational guidance is a meeting
with a consultant who helps people figure out
what a good job would be for them based on
their skills and qualifications.

15. 3.PERSONAL GUIDANCE

16. 3. Personal Guidance :
may be defined as the assistance given to the
individual to solve his emotional, social, ethical
and moral as well as health problems. Hence
personal guidance deals with all those problems
of life which are not covered under educational
and vocational guidance.

17. 4 .HEALTH GUIDANCE

18. 4 . Health Guidance :
The guidance which is related to health is also known as health
guidance .
Health guidance can be defined as the principle by which individuals
and groups of people, learn to behave in a manner conducive to the
promotion, maintenance, or restoration of health.
Areas within this profession encompass environmental health,
physical health, social health, emotional health, intellectual health,
and spiritual health, as well as sexual and reproductive health
education and guidance .

19. 5.SOCIAL GUIDANCE

20. 5.Social Guidance :
These counseling services are to help
students develop awareness and
acceptance of self and others, improve
personal skills in survivals, be
responsible for their decisions and
develop intellect .

21. 6. ADVOCATIONAL GUIDANCE

22. 6. ADVOCATIONAL GUIDANCE
• These counseling services are to help students
develop awareness , justice and acceptance of
self and others, improve public support ,
personal skills in survival, recommendations
for particular cause and policy and be
responsible for their decisions legally .

23. QUALITIES OF A COUNSELLOR
1. Sensitive to human problems
2. Empathetic
3. Respect for individual variations
4. Being non-judgmental
5. Maintain confidentiality
6. Being approachable
7. Being firm yet friendly
8. Pleasant disposition
9. Understanding values and relationships

24. STRATEGIES OF GUIDANCE
1. INDIVIDUAL APPROACH
2. GROUP APPROACH

25. INDIVIDUAL APPROACH
1.Targets on single student
2.Special learners require special attention :
 Slow learners
 Gifted
 Creative
 Ones learning with difficulty

26. GROUP APPROACH
• Organised for general nature
• Students with common problems

27. LEVELS OF COUNSELLING
• INFORMAL
• NON – SPECIALIST
• PROFESSIONAL

29. 1 .INFORMAL COUNSELLING
It is generally rendered by a person who may be
approachable and understanding, but may not
be professionally qualified.
This empathetic person could be an aunt, uncle,
friend or colleague.

30. 2. NON SPECIALIST COUNSELLING:
It is the help provided by specialists of other
areas like teachers, doctors, lawyers, religious preachers
who, along with their respective specialization, also wish to
handle psychological problems. They try to provide
alternative ways of dealing with the problems of people
they come across in their daily interactions at work.

31. 3. PROFESSIONAL COUNSELLING:
Professional counsellors are the ones who have
received special training in counselling and have the
required qualifications. These counsellors deal with the
person’s social, emotional and personal problems. In
the counselling process, the professional counsellor
may use different techniques.

32. APPROACHES TO COUNSELLING
1.DIRECTIVE
2.INDIRECTIVE
3.ELECTIC
4.GROUP
5.MISCELLANEOUS

33. DIRECTIVE COUNSELLING

34. • Directive Counselling is a type of approach
that the counselor plays a significant role. He
replaces the emotional behavior of the client
with deliberately rationale behavior. Although
he avoids mandatory advice, in general, it
focuses on the counselor's viewpoint.

35. NON DIRECTIVE COUNSELLING

36. • Non-directive counseling, counselor listen,
support, and encourage the client without
forcing. It has been influenced by humanistic
theories in the tradition of Carl Rogers, but
techniques used in non-directive counseling
are common in many forms of psychological
counseling and treatment today.

37. ELECTIC COUNSELLING
• It lies in centre point of directive and non directive counselling .

38. ELECTIC COUNSELLING
• Eclectic counseling is defined as the synthesis and
combination of directive and non-directive
counseling. It represents a middle status between
the two extremes represented by the 'non-
directive' technique on one hand and the 'directive'
technique on the other.

39. GROUP COUNSELLING

40. GROUP COUNSELLING
• Group counseling is a form of counseling where a
small group of people meet regularly to discuss,
interact, and explore problems with each other and
the group leader. Group counseling seeks to give
students a safe and comfortable place on campus
where they can work out problems and emotional
concerns.

41. MISCELLANEOUS
1.WORKPLACE
2.FAMILY
3.GERIATRIC
4.MARRIAGE

42. ISSUES FOR COUNSELLING IN NURSING
1. Absence of trained counsellors
2. Lack of organized guidance and counselling
3. Minimal pro-counselling environment
4. Poor organizational setups
5. Poor counsellor-counselee ratio
6. Lack of training and skills
7. Non compliance with interventions
8. Inadequate provision of budget and resource
facilities
9. Ethical and moral issues

43. CONFUSION TO CLARITY..!