2. • Introduction, Concept & definition of Guidance &
counselling
• Bases of guidance & counselling
• Need of guidance & counselling
• Functions
• Different types of problems
• Stages of personal guidance
• Methods in personal management
• Individual counselling & its methods
Content
3. INTRODUCTION
• Guidance & counselling are twin concepts & have emerged
as essential elements of every educational activity
• Guidance & counselling are not synonymous term
• Counselling is a part of guidance
• Guidance in educational context, means to indicate, point
out, show the way, lead out & direct
• Counselling is a specialized service of guidance. It is the
process of helping individuals learn more about
themselves & their present & possible future situations to
make a substantial contribution to the society
4. CONCEPT OF GUIDANCE
• Assistance given to an individual to help him, to adjust
to himself, to others and to his own peculiar
environment
• Helps him in his acquaintance with the things and the
world around him
• Helps the person to seek harmony between the
personal needs and ambitions with peculiarities of his
own environment
5. DEFINITION OF GUIDANCE
Guidance is an assistance made available by a competent
counselor to an individual of any age to help him direct his
own life, develop his own point of view, make his own
decision & carry his own burden.
- Hamrin & Erikson
Guidance is a process of helping every individual, through
his own effort to discover & develop his potentialities for
his personal happiness & social usefulness
- Ruth Strang
6. • Counseling is the relationship between two persons in
which one of them attempts to assist the other in
organizing himself to attain a form of happiness,
adjustment to a life situation, i.e. self-actualization
• The relationship between the personnel or the
interaction between the counselor, i.e. one
professionally trained worker and the counselee, i.e. the
person who seeks services or who cannot cope-up alone
CONCEPT OF COUNSELING
7. •‘A form of interview in which the client is helped to
understand himself more accurately, in order that he
may correct an environment or adjustment difficulty.’
—Wolber
•‘Counseling is a set of techniques, skills and attitudes to
help people manage their own problems using their own
resources.
—Micheal Reddy
DEFINITION OF COUNSELLING
9. I. Needs for personal & social domain
• Personal & social development of individual
• To adapt in different stages of development
• Offering art of better living
• Proper use of leisure time
• Holistic personality development
• Best use of available opportunities
• Motivates for effective utilization & development of
self
NEED OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
10. II. Needs for educational/professional domain
• Helps in academic growth & development
• Helps in vocational & professional maturity
• Facilitates an individual in the right education &
profession
• Offer help to handle educational & professional
situations
• Helps in the proper utilization of human resources
Need of guidance and counselling Cont...
11. • Prepares to adapt in changing professional situations &
emerging challenges
• Helps in making proper career choice
• Helps to minimize indiscipline
• Helps in adapting to the changing concept of education
Need of guidance and counselling Cont...
12. III. In nursing Education
• To help students adjusting with the new environment of
the nursing institute
• To help in developing qualities required for a successful
nursing practice
• To help students in getting adjusted with the clinical
environment
• To help students keeping in touch with the latest trends
in nursing and to reap benefits from the trends
Need of guidance and counselling Cont..
13. • To help students in developing positive learning habits,
especially in skill learning so that they can retain and
transfer the learned lessons in a better way
• To help in the development of appropriate coping
strategies in order to deal with stress in a productive
manner
• To help nursing students in establishing proper identity
Need of guidance and counselling Cont...
14. • To help them develop a positive attitude towards life
• To help them to overcome periods of turmoil and
confusion
• To help students in developing their leadership qualities
• To motivate them for taking membership in professional
organizations after completing their studies
• Help them to make advantages of the technological
advancements in the patient care
Need of guidance and counselling Cont...
15. • Provide an orientation regarding the clinical area and
the methods of teaching employed there with special
reference to the student's role in terms of active
participation
• Help them to utilize institutional resources such as
clinics, library, various labs, etc. to the maximum extent
possible
• Provide knowledge regarding the latest trends in
nursing education and nursing service. This will help
them to plan their career and higher education.
Need of guidance and counselling Cont...
17. • Problems related to the health and physical
development
• Problems related to emotional behaviour
• Problems related to home and family relationship
• Problems related to sex, courtship and marriage
• Problems related to religion, morals, ideals and values
• Economic Problems
• Problems related to social relationship
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROBLEM THAT NEED PERSONAL
GUIDANCE
19. Personal guidance at this stage focuses on :
• To help the children to form desirable attitudes
towards himself, parents teachers, class fellows and
others
• To help the pupils to build a good physique
• To help in making emotional adjustments
• To help in the development of self discipline
Elementary stage
20. Personal guidance at this stage focuses on :
• To solve the problems concerning physical health
• To solve problems concerning sex, emotionality and
mental health
• To help the adolescents in making family adjustments,
social adjustment including adjustment with the school
• To organise wholesome recreational activities in the
school
• To provide the opportunity for community service
Secondary stage
21. Personal guidance at this stage focuses on :
• Solving all types of emotional problems, and other personal
problems
• Making adjustments with the new environment i.e with the
changing environment, college environment and
environment of the society at large
• Developing healthy ideas and building a new philosophy of
life, participating in social activities and community services
• Ethical and moral development and inculcate right type of
values
• To enable the pupils to have mutual respect and regard for
people belonging to different faiths
College and University level
23. • Principal : He will be the Director of the committee
• Trained counselor : He will be the Secretary of the
committee
• Members : All the class teachers of the different classes
will be the members. Chief-warden, Sports Officer,
Guardian’s representatives, community representative
can also be members of the committee. The committee
will offer help students adjust in school and society
GUIDANCE&COUNSELLING COMMITTEE AT SCHOOL AND
SECONDARY LEVEL
24. The following steps are involved in a personal guidance
programme:
• Collection of all the Information or Data
• Diagnosis of the causes of the problems
• Thinking about the Remedial Measures
• Rendering Personal Guidance
• Follow-up Service
Process of Personal Guidance Programme
25. • International Level : International Association of
Educational and Vocational Guidance (IAEVG)
• National Level Agencies : National Council of Educational
Research and Training (NCERT)
• State Level Agencies of Guidance : At state level SCERT
Bureau of Educational and Vocational Guidance,
Directorates of Employment work for guidance of students
• Local Level : district employment exchanges, private
agencies and institutional level organizations work for
guidance and counseling.
Agencies of Guidance & Counselling at Different
Levels
26. It focuses on such issues :
• Depression (including postpartum depression)
• Anxiety, panic disorders
• Family-of-origin issues
• Communication issues that prevent effective relationships
• Loss, meaning-of-life issues, forgiveness issues, grieving,
emotional issues, sexual assault, abuse, effects of family
violence, transitional issues, anger management, coping,
and more.
INDIVIDUAL COUNSELLING
27. • Resolution of Problems
• Improving Personal Effectiveness
• Counseling to Help Change
• Decision-Making as a Goal of Counseling
• Modification of Behaviour as a Goal
Goals of counselling in personal management
29. • Recognizing the presence of an apparently serious
adjustment difficulty
• Gathering extensive data on the client and recording them
in the form of a case history
• Interpreting and evaluating the data in relation to observed
symptoms
• Recommending appropriate treatment
• Applying therapies
• Following up the case for the purpose of determining the
kind and extent of adjustment effected
CLINICAL APPROACH INVOLVES:
30. • Preparing for the interview and getting started
• Developing opening structure
• Establishing the objectives
• Building the relationship
• Helping the student to talk
• Terminating the interview
• Planning the follow-up
INTERVIEW APPROACH INVOLVES:
31. • Neerja KP. Textbook of nursing education. 1st edition . New
Delhi : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd;2003.pp
447-93
• Rajesh K. Basic Psychology for Nurses .1st edition, New Delhi:
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P)Ltd;2017.pp 269-281
• Jaspreet K S. Comprehensive Textbook of Nursing Education,
1st edition, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers(P)Ltd;2017 pp 401-430
• Sandhu B, Sankaranarayan B.Learning and teaching
Nursing.4th edition.NewDelhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers(P)Ltd;2012 pp 224-50.
REFERENCES
