The document discusses graphics processing units (GPUs) and their role in computer graphics. It explains that GPUs are needed to translate binary data from the CPU into images on a monitor, as CPUs fail for high-end graphics work. It then covers the components of a graphics card, techniques like anti-aliasing and shaders, and APIs like OpenGL and DirectX. Finally, it discusses applications of GPUs in areas like gaming, design, movies, and medicine.

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2. Introduction Need of GPU. How 3D graphics helps. Data structures, Medical fields, Movies etc GUIs used in various parts simplifies the work CPU Fails at high end Graphics. Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

3. What GPU does ? Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

4. Components of a Graphics Card Graphics processor Memory Display Connector Computer (Bus) Connector Graphics BIOS Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

5. Physical View of a Graphics Card Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

6. Working The images we see on monitor are made of tiny dots called pixels. At most common resolution settings, a screen displays over a million pixels, and the computer has to decide what to do with every one in order to create an image. To do this, it needs a translator -- something to take binary data from the CPU and turn it into a picture we can see. Unless a computer has graphics capability built into the motherboard, that translation takes place in the GPU. Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

7. Techniques involved Anti-aliasing Shader HDR (High dynamic range rendering) Texture mapping Motion blur Depth blur Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

8. Anti-aliasing In digital signal processing, anti-aliasing is the technique of minimizing the distortions artifacts known as aliasing when representing a high-resolution signal at a lower resolution. Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

9. Examples Aliased Anti aliased Zoomed Picture Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

10. Shader Distortion Shader Glow Shader Natural Light Shader Watercolor Shader Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

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15. APIs Due to the difficulties working with video cards at a programming level, interfaces which abstract the complexity are used. These are called as API (Application Programming Interfaces) Open GL Microsoft Direct X Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

16. Manufacturers Two types of manufacturers must be distinguished: GPU manufacturers: ATi Intel nVidia Video card manufacturers: They assemble the GPU with the other components, causing differences between video cards with the same chip. Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

17. Applications of GPU << Computer Games Designing Automobiles>> Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

18. Applications of GPU << Graphical User Interfaces Construction >> Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

19. Applications of GPU << Movie Animation Medical Field >> Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

20. Conclusion From the introduction of the first 3D accelerator from 3dfx in 1996 these units have come a long way to be truly called a “Graphics Processing Unit”. So it is not a wonder that this piece of hardware is often referred to as an exotic product as far as computer peripherals are concerned. By observing the current pace at which work is going on in developing GPUs we can surely come to a conclusion that we will be able to see better and faster GPUs in the near future. Chetan Gole - me@thechetan.com

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