A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized microprocessor designed for processing 3D graphics, significantly enhancing image and video rendering while allowing the CPU to focus on other tasks. The document outlines the history, components, characteristics, and various applications of GPUs in gaming, scientific computing, image processing, and virtual reality. It concludes that ongoing developments in GPU technology will lead to more powerful and efficient graphics performance in the future.

1. Seminar
On
Graphics Processing
Unit
1

2. introduction
 A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is a microprocessor
that has been designed specifically for the processing of
3Dgraphics.
 The processor is built with integrated transform, lighting,
triangle clipping, and rendering engines. capable of
handling millions of math-intensive processes per second.
 Graphics Processing Units, are like the powerhouses of
modern graphics cards. They take on the heavy work of
creating images and videos, which helps the CPU (the
main brain of the computer) focus on other tasks. This
makes everything run smoother, especially in games and
graphics-heavy programs.
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3. • 1980's - No GPU. PC used VGA controller
• 1990's- Add more function into VGA controller
• 1997-3D acceleration functions:
Hardware for triangle setup and rasterization
Texture mapping
Shading
• 2000-A single chip graphics processor
(beginning of GPU term)
• 2005- Massively parallel programmable processors
• 2007- CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture)
HISTORY OF GPU
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4. • A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is a
microprocessor that has been designed specifically
for the processing of 3D graphics.
• A graphics processing unit is a single-chip processor
that creates lighting effects and transforms objects
every time a 3D scene is redrawn.
What is GPU?
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5.  Graphics Processor
 Graphics co-processor
 Graphics accelerator
 Frame buffer
 Memory
 Graphics BIOS
 Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
 Computer Connector (Bus)
COMPONENTS OF GPU
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6. 1. Graphics Processor: The main chip in the GPU that does the
work of creating images and effects.
2. Graphics Co-processor: A helper processor that assists the main
graphics processor to speed things up.
3. Graphics Accelerator: Special hardware that speeds up certain
graphics tasks, making rendering faster and smoother.
4. Frame Buffer: A temporary storage area that holds images right
before they’re displayed on the screen.
5. Memory (VRAM): Fast memory dedicated to storing textures, images,
and data that the GPU needs quickly.
6. Graphics BIOS: The GPU’s startup software that helps it
communicate with the computer and controls basic settings.
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7. 7. Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC): Converts digital signals
to analog for older screens (used less in modern GPUs).
8. Computer Connector (Bus) : This part connects the GPU to
the computer’s motherboard through a slot allowing it to receive
information from the CPU.
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8. characteristics of GPU
1. Parallel Processing
Does many things at once: A GPU can handle thousands
of small tasks simultaneously, which makes it super fast for
jobs like image and video processing.
2. Cores (Processing Units)
Many small processors: GPUs have lots of tiny
processors (called CUDA cores for NVIDIA or Stream
Processors for AMD) that do the work. More cores mean
better performance, especially for graphics-heavy tasks.
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9. 3. Clock Speed
Speed of processing: The clock speed tells how fast the
GPU can process data. Higher clock speeds usually mean
better performance, but it also depends on other factors like
power and heat.
4. Power and Heat
Energy and cooling: GPUs use a lot of power and can get
hot. They need good cooling systems (fans or heatsinks) to
prevent overheating, and they also need enough power from
the computer to run properly.
5.Cooling
Keeping it cool: GPUs need good cooling systems (fans or
liquid cooling) to work efficiently without getting too hot.
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10. LATEST TECHNOLOGY USE
NVIDIA
Tesla HPC specific GPUs have evolved from GeForce
series
AMD
Fire Stream HPC specific GPUs have evolved from (ATI)
Radeon series
 Intel
many-core x86 chip is like hybrid
between a GPU and many-core CPU
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11. Applications of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)
GPUs are mainly used in gaming to create high-quality graphics and
smooth gameplay. Modern games use techniques like real-time ray
tracing, which makes lighting and shadows look more realistic. GPUs
are also important for video editing and animation because they help
creators quickly render complex scenes and effects.
1. Gaming and Entertainment
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12. GPUs are used in science fields like physics, chemistry, and biology
for simulations and modeling. They help researchers run complex
calculations, like studying molecules or predicting climate, which
would take too long with just CPUs. GPUs can handle a lot of data at
once, making research faster and more accurate.
2. Scientific Computing
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13. 3. Image and Video Processing
GPUs process images and videos quickly, helping with tasks like
enhancing images, detecting objects, and video conversion. They're
key for things like security cameras, self-driving cars, and augmented
reality.
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14. 4. Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
GPUs are essential for creating realistic VR and AR experiences
by handling complex graphics and real-time interactions. They're
used in gaming, training, and education.
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15. Feature CPU (Central Processing
Unit)
GPU (Graphics
Processing Unit)
Primary Function
General computing (running
software, OS)
Graphics rendering,
parallel data processing
Speed Faster for single tasks Faster for parallel tasks
Cost Generally cheaper
More expensive for high-
performance
Power Consumption Lower for general use
Higher, especially under
heavy load
Performance
Best for single, complex
tasks
Best for parallel tasks
Purpose
General tasks,
sequential processing
Parallel tasks, mainly for
graphics
CPU VS GPU
Instruction Sets General-purpose
Specialized for parallel
computing
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16. Without GPU With GPU
The difference…….
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17. • Graphics Processing Unit is not a wonder that this piece
of hardware is often referred to as an exotic product as
far as computer peripherals are concerned.
• By observing the current pace at which work is going on
in developing GPUs we can surely come to a conclusion
that we will be able to see better and faster GPUs in the
near future.
CONCLUSION
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18.  www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org
Reference
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