Nvidia (History, GPU Architecture and New Pascal Architecture)Saksham Tanwar
This presentation focuses on Nvidia GPUs and explores the topics of what a GPU is, its basic architecture, how it is different from a CPU, its basic working, and what new Nvidia has to offer in consumer as well as server market
Nvidia (History, GPU Architecture and New Pascal Architecture)Saksham Tanwar
This presentation focuses on Nvidia GPUs and explores the topics of what a GPU is, its basic architecture, how it is different from a CPU, its basic working, and what new Nvidia has to offer in consumer as well as server market
Audio Version available in YouTube Link : https://www.youtube.com/AKSHARAM?sub_confirmation=1
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Computer Architecture and Organization
V semester
Anna University
By
Babu M, Assistant Professor
Department of ECE
RMK College of Engineering and Technology
Chennai
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
2. INTRODUCTION
What is GPU?
• It is a processor optimized for 2D/3D graphics, video,
visual computing, and display.
• It is highly parallel, highly multithreaded
multiprocessor optimized for visual computing.
• Its uses parallel archetecture.It is also called Visual
processing unit
• It serves as both a programmable graphics processor
and a scalable parallel computing platform.
• It works along with CPU
3. CPU VERSUS GPU
• A SIMPLE WAY TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN A CPU ANDGPU IS TO COMPARE HOW
THEY PROCESS TASKS. A CPU CONSISTS OF A FEW
CORES OPTIMIZED FOR SEQUENTIAL SERIAL
PROCESSING WHILE A GPU HAS A MASSIVELY
PARALLEL ARCHITECTURE CONSISTS OF THOUSANDS
OF SMALLER, MORE EFFICIENT CORES DESIGNED FOR
HANDLING MULTIPLE TASKS SIMULTANEOUSLY
• GPUS HAVE THOUSANDS OF CORES TO
PROCESS PARALLEL WORKLOADS EFFICIENTLY
4. GPU vs CPU
• A GPU is tailored for highly parallel operation while a CPU
executes programs serially
• For this reason, GPUs have many parallel execution units and
higher transistor counts, while CPUs have few execution units
and higher clockspeeds
• GPUs have much deeper pipelines (several thousand stages
vs 10-20 for CPUs)
• GPUs have significantly faster and more advanced memory
interfaces as they need to shift around a lot more data than
CPUs
7. COMPONENTS OF A GPU
* MOTHERBOARD
* GRAPHICS PROCESSOR
* MEMORY
* DISPLAY CONNECTOR
8. The images you see on your monitor are made of tiny
dots called pixels. At most common resolution
settings, a screen displays over a million pixels, and the
computer has to decide what to do with every one in
order to create an image. To do this, it needs a
translator something to take binary data from the CPU
and turn it into a picture you can see. Unless a
computer has graphics capability built into the
motherboard, that translation takes place on the
graphics card
Working
9. The CPU sends information about the image to the
graphics card. The graphics card decides how to use the
pixels on the screen to create the image. It then sends that
information to the monitor through a cable
To make a 3Dimage,the graphics card first creates a wire
frame out of straight lines. Then, it rasterizes the image
(fills in the remaining pixels). It also adds lighting,
texture and color. For fastpaced games,the computer
has to go through this process about sixty times per
second. Without a graphics card to perform the necessary
calculations, the workload would be too much for the
computer to handle.
Working Continues……
10. The graphics card accomplishes this task
using four main components:
A motherboard connection for data and
power
A processor to decide what to do with each
pixel on the screen
Memory to hold information about each
pixel and to temporarily store completed
pictures
11. GRAPHICS PROCESSOR
A graphics card's processor, called a graphics processing unit
(GPU), is similar to a computer's CPU. A GPU is designed
specifically for performing the complex mathematical and
geometric calculations that are necessary for graphics
rendering. Some of the fastest GPUs have more transistors
than the average CPU. A GPU produces a lot of heat, so it is
usually located under a heat sink or a fan.
RAM
As the GPU creates images, it needs somewhere to hold
information and completed pictures. It uses the card's RAM for
this purpose, storing data about each pixel, its color and its
location on the screen
12. PCI Connection
Graphics cards connect to the computer through the
motherboard. The motherboard supplies power to the
card and lets it communicate with the CPU. PCI Express is
the newest form of connection and provides the fastest
transfer rates between the graphics card and the
motherboard
13. A good overall measurement of a card's performance is
its frame rate, measured in frames per second (FPS). The
frame rate describes how many complete images the card can
display per second. The human eye can process about 25
frames every second, but fast action games require a frame
rate of at least 60 FPS to provide smooth animation and
scrolling
The graphics card's hardware directly affects its speed. These
are the hardware specifications that most affect the card's
speed and the units in which they are measured:
GPU clock speed (MHz)
Size of the memory bus (bits)
Amount of available memory (MB)
Memory clock rate (MHz)
Specifications
15. The GPU pipeline
• The GPU receives geometry
information(mainly triangles in 3D) from
the CPU as an input and provides a picture as
an output
• Let’s see how that happens
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
16. Host Interface
• The host interface is the communication bridge between the
CPU and the GPU
• It receives commands from the CPU and also pulls
geometry information from system memory
• It outputs a stream of vertices in object space with all their
associated information (normals, texture coordinates, per
vertex color etc)
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
17. Vertex Processing
*A vertex processing is a graphics processing function that maps
vertices onto the screen and adds special effects to
objects in a 3D environment.
• One of its purposes is to transform each vertex's 3D position
in virtual space to the 2D coordinate at which it appears on
the screen.
• Vertex pipelines also eliminate unneeded geometry by
detecting parts of the scene that are hidden by other parts
and simply discarding those parts
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
18. Triangle setup
Rasterization
It is the process of determining which screenspace pixel
locations are covered by each triangle. Each triangle generates a
primitive called a “fragment” at each screenspace pixel location
that it covers.
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
19. Triangle Setup (cont)
• A fragment is generated if and only if its
center is inside the triangle
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
20. Fragment Processing Or Pixel processing
• Each fragment provided by triangle setup is fed into fragment
processing as a set of attributes (position, normal, texcoord
etc), which are used to compute the final color for this pixel
• The computations taking place here include texture
mapping and math operations
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
21. Memory Interface
• Fragment colors provided by the previous stage are written to
the framebuffer
• Before the final write occurs, some fragments are rejected by
the zbuffer, stencil and alpha tests
• The final pixels are processed and are provided as picture
host
interface
vertex
processing
triangle
setup
pixel
processing
memory
interface
22. Diagram of a modern GPU
64bits to
memory
64bits to
memory
64bits to
memory
64bits to
memory
Input from CPU
Host interface
Vertex processing
Triangle setup
Pixel processing
Memory Interface
27. LATEST GPU TECHNLOGY
CUDA Parallel Computing
CUDA IS NVIDIA’S PARALLEL COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE THAT
ENABLES DRAMATIC INCREASES IN COMPUTING PERFORMANCE
BY HARNESSING THE POWER OF THE GPU (GRAPHICS PROCESSING
UNIT).
PHYSX TECHNOLOGY
NVIDIA PHYSX TECHNOLOGY HELPS GAMES PLAY BETTER AND FEEL
BETTER BY MAKING INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENTS AND
CHARACTERS FAR MORE REALISTIC THAN EVER BEFORE. BY
MAKING BEHAVIOR MORE REALISTIC, THE GRAPHICS LOOK AND
“FEEL”BETTER
NVIDIA 3D Vision Technology
NVIDIA 3D VISION® TECHNOLOGY DELIVERS STEREOSCOPIC 3D
IMAGES FOR GAMERS, MOVIE‐LOVERS AND PHOTO ENTHUSIASTS
WHEN CONFIGURED WITH NVIDIA GPUS, NVIDIA 3D VISION
ACTIVE SHUTTER GLASSES, AND 3D VISION‐READY
DISPLAY/PROJECTOR.
28. LATEST GPU AVAILABLE IN MARKET
NVIDIA GEFORCE Gtx 980 Ti
It supports:
CUDA
3D Vision
PhysX
4k
GTX 980 TI Memory Specs:
Memory Clock :1753 MHZ
Memory size:6GB
MemoryBandwidth(GB/sec):336.5
GPU Clock speed:1000 MHZ