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Gene mapping
This document discusses gene mapping techniques used to locate genes on chromosomes. It describes linkage mapping, which provides a reference for a gene's location on a chromosome by looking at linked genetic markers, but does not give the exact position. Physical mapping identifies the precise location of a gene on a chromosome through methods like restriction mapping, which locates recognition sequences for restriction enzymes, and sequence tagged sites mapping, which identifies the position of short DNA sequences. Map-based sequencing then assembles sequenced genome fragments into a whole genome sequence using the known locations of genetic markers from physical and genetic maps.
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Gene mapping
- 1. Presented by Rabia Shehzadi Rollnum:17130814-012 Presented to Dr. Sadia Roshan
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- 3. What is genemap? Genotype Phenotype Location of gene
- 4. Multigenic inheritance Traits controlledby multiple genes
- 5. importance Locating diseaseregion Then cure Genotypic disease-used genotherapy
- 6. Gene mapping Locatethe gene or chromosome in total amount of genome total amount of chromosome
- 7. types linkage mapping (referenceof the position of gene) Physical mapping (tells us the exact position of the gene on the chromosome)
- 8. Genetic marker Agenetic marker is a gene or DNA sequence known location on a chromosome used to identify individuals or species. It can be described as a variation that can be observed.
- 9. Conti… Example Plant flowercolor G1 marker show flowers color is yellow If phenotype not show yellow color the we know its genetic marker
- 10. Linkage mapping Onlygive us reference about gene Either present on chromosome 1 or 2 Long arm or short arm Distance between them either close or not Supposed idea Not relevance position
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- 12. Concept linkage andlinkage mapping Linkage of gene: The association of gene that result from there being on the same chromosome physically associated for example gene A and B associate with chromosome 1 and 2. Linkage group: All genes in one chromosome form one linkage group. For example chromosome 1 and two are two different linkage group.
- 13. Linked genes:A pair of linked genes (specifically there alleles tend to be transmitted together during meiotic cycle and progenies deviate from Mendelian ratios depending upon the two genes for example gene A and B.
- 14. importance Actual distance F1 and F2 generation link F1 only have parental F2 have parental as well as recombinant Get frequencies All chromosome are not crossed over so frequencies are different.
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- 16. Basic knowledge Twogenera are closely related or not? No. Of recombinant is less then spp is closely related . Rec. freq. is directly proportional to distance of two markers If not closely elated then more recombinant
- 17. limitation Not tells usdirect location of gene For this purpose we use physical mapping
- 18. Physical mapping Tellsexact position of gene inside the chromosome It is on shorter arm or long arm Calculate physically distance breaking genes in small segments looking genetic markers.
- 19. Types Restriction mapping Which locates the relative position on DNA molecule of recognition sequence for the restriction endonucleases
- 20. Sequence tagged sitesmapping Position of short sequence is mapped by PCR and hybridization analysis of genome fragment.
- 22. Map based sequencing Assemble short sequenced segments into a whole genome sequence Required initial creation of physical and genetic map Provides known location of genetic markers At regular space intervals along each
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