This document discusses competition and cooperation. It defines competition as a social process where performance is compared to others, while cooperation is evaluated based on collective group achievement. Psychological studies show that competition can increase motivation but also lead to aggression, while cooperation generally produces better results. Whether competition is good or bad depends on the social environment. The document provides guidelines for balancing competitive and cooperative efforts, such as incorporating both into games and focusing on group goals to reduce rivalry.
Sport psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors. In addition to instruction and training of psychological skills for performance improvement, applied sport psychology may include work with athletes, coaches, and parents regarding injury, rehabilitation, communication, team building, and career transitions.
Sport psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors. In addition to instruction and training of psychological skills for performance improvement, applied sport psychology may include work with athletes, coaches, and parents regarding injury, rehabilitation, communication, team building, and career transitions.
Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data.
The word STATISTICS is seems to be derived from the Latin word ‘status’ or the Italian word ‘Statista’ or German word ‘Statistik’. All of them means the same thing i.e. a political state.
Facts expressed numerically are called statistics such as data related to income, height of a class, weight of a class, etc.
However mere facts or aggregate of facts cannot be called statistics.
For example 151, 182, 169, 158, 162, 148 etc. are not statistics.
But if I say the above digits are the height of students of a particular class then that’s statistics.
Educational Technology and pedagogy techniques in Physical EducationJ. Priyanka
Educational Technology and pedagogy techniques in Physical Education
Responsibilities of a Teacher
Effective Teaching
Supervision
Motivation
Student Oriented Teaching
Planning
Methods
Class management
Other Duties
Teachers Role
Sport and exercise psychologists identify principles and guidelines that professionals can use to help adults and children participate in and benefit from sport and exercise activities.
Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data.
The word STATISTICS is seems to be derived from the Latin word ‘status’ or the Italian word ‘Statista’ or German word ‘Statistik’. All of them means the same thing i.e. a political state.
Facts expressed numerically are called statistics such as data related to income, height of a class, weight of a class, etc.
However mere facts or aggregate of facts cannot be called statistics.
For example 151, 182, 169, 158, 162, 148 etc. are not statistics.
But if I say the above digits are the height of students of a particular class then that’s statistics.
Educational Technology and pedagogy techniques in Physical EducationJ. Priyanka
Educational Technology and pedagogy techniques in Physical Education
Responsibilities of a Teacher
Effective Teaching
Supervision
Motivation
Student Oriented Teaching
Planning
Methods
Class management
Other Duties
Teachers Role
Sport and exercise psychologists identify principles and guidelines that professionals can use to help adults and children participate in and benefit from sport and exercise activities.
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Group dynamics deals with the attitudes and behavioral patterns of a group. Group dynamics concern how groups are formed, what is their structure and which processes are followed in their functioning. Thus, it is concerned with the interactions and forces operating between groups. Group dynamics is relevant to groups of all kinds – both formal and informal.
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Since, education plays a significant role in the creation of attitudes, this presentation is focused on the Cooperative learning method of instruction as a powerful instrument to promote non competitive interactions, both with adults and with young people. Its value is analysed in Transactional Analysis terms.
Learning Objective: Examine the role of sports in teaching lessons on diversity
Sports can be the ultimate teacher of life’s lessons. Sports bring people together from various backgrounds, regions, and financial levels, and this is nowhere more prevalent than at high school and college athletics and even top sporting events like the Super Bowl, the World Series, the World Cup, or the Olympics. During these times, a culturally diverse community is created where people are free to share their culture with other people. In this microcosm of society, participation in sports can teach us volumes about diversity and the way we respond to it. Sports are learning laboratories where we can discover a setting to learn about each other’s values and bridge social divisions.
At the end of this seminar, participants will be able to:
a. Understand the role that participation in sports teaches about the human spirit, cultural differences, and teamwork.
b. Address the stereotypes of cultural differences and successful teamwork.
c. Use sport analogies to build camaraderie and structure teams.
d. Help teams focus on what they have in common and put aside individual differences.
e. Apply lessons learned from sport teams’ working dynamics to everyday situations.
Looking for a great presentation and workshop on strategic thinking and leadership and their role in creating an inspiring and awesome strategic vision and plan? Look no further. Please feel free to call me if you would like me to put on a 2 hour overview of this workshop for your organization or you would like to discuss any points further. My number is 612-310-3803.
“Do not wait; the time will never be ‘just right.’ Start where you stand, and work with whatever tools you may have at your command, and better tools will be found as you go along.” —George Herbert
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. Chapter 5: Competition and Cooperation
5
CompetitionCompetition
and Cooperationand Cooperation
C H A P T E R
2. Session Outline
• Defining competition and cooperation
• Competition as a process
• Psychological studies of competition and
cooperation
• Social factors influencing competition and
cooperation
(continued)
3. Session Outline (continued)
• Is competition good or bad?
• Enhancing cooperation
• Balancing cooperative and competitive
efforts
4. Competition and Cooperation Defined
(Coakley, 1994)
• Competition: A social process that occurs
when rewards are given to people for how their
performance compares with the performances
of others during the same task or when
participating in the same event.
• Cooperation: A social process through which
performance is evaluated and rewarded in
terms of the collective achievement of a group
of people working together to reach a particular
goal.
6. The Competition Process
• Stage 1: An objective competitive situation
is a situation in which performance is compared
with some standard of excellence in the
presence of at least one other person who is
aware of the comparison.
• Stage 2: The subjective competitive
situation is how the person perceives, accepts,
and appraises the objective competitive
situation (influenced by personality factors such
as competitiveness).
(continued)
7. The Competition Process (continued)
• Stage 3: Response is whether a person
approaches or avoids an objective competitive
situation (at the behavioral, physiological, and
psychological levels).
• Stage 4: Consequences is whether a person
approaches or avoids an objective competitive
situation (at the behavioral, physiological, and
psychological levels)
8. Psychological Studies
of Competition and Cooperation
• Triplett’s cyclists: Cyclists were faster in
competition than alone racing against the clock.
• Deutsch’s puzzles: Competition-group
students were self-centered, directed efforts at
beating others, had closed communication, and
exhibited group conflict and distrust;
cooperation-group students communicated
openly, shared information, developed
friendships, and solved more puzzles.
9. Psychological Studies
of Competition and Aggression
• Competition is not good or bad; it is neutral.
• Whether it leads to aggression or
cooperation depends on the social
environment and the way the performers
view competition.
10. Psychological Studies
of Competition and Cooperation
• Cooperation as opposed to competition
produces superior performance, although
results may depend on the nature of the
task.
• Competition can serve as a positive source
of motivation to improve and refine skills.
11. Psychological Studies
on Experimental Games
• Prisoner’s dilemma: Competitors draw
cooperators into competition
• Sherif and Sherif (1969) summer camp
studies: Competition can be reduced
through cooperative efforts to achieve
superordinate goals.
12. Psychological Studies on Competitive
Sport and Success in Life
• Athletes in educational programs have
higher educational aspirations than
nonathletes.
• Athletes have no more or less career
success than nonathletes.
• Athletes are no more or less deviant than
nonathletes.
13. Is Competition Good or Bad?
• Competition is neither inherently good nor
bad.
• It is neither productive nor destructive.
• It is a neutral process; the environment
determines its effects to a great degree.
14. Competition and Cooperation
as Complementary Concepts
• Competition and cooperation are not polar
opposites.
• The dynamics of how competition and
cooperation complement one another
should be taught.
• Top performers employ a blend of
competition and cooperation strategies.
15. Attributes Related to Both
Competition and Cooperation
• A sense of mission
• Strong work ethic
• Use of resources
• A strong preparation ethic
• A love of challenge and change
• Great teamwork
(Garfield, 1986)
16. Enhancing Cooperation:
Component Structure of Games
• Competitive means—competitive ends: For
example, King of the Mountain, 100-yard
dash
• Cooperative means—competitive ends: For
example, soccer, basketball
(continued)
17. Enhancing Cooperation: Component
Structure of Games (continued)
• Individual means—individual ends: For
example, calisthenics, cross-country skiing
• Cooperative means—individual ends: For
example, helping each other individually
improve
• Cooperative means—cooperative ends: For
example, keeping a volleyball from hitting
ground
18. Enhancing Cooperation:
Cooperative Games
• Cooperative games emphasize both
cooperative means and cooperative ends.
• Cooperation can be taught through
cooperative games.
• Cooperative games can be devised by
changing the rules of traditional games.
19. Enhancing Cooperation:
General Principles of Cooperative
Games
• Maximize participation.
• Maximize opportunities to learn sport and
movement skills.
• Do not keep score.
• Maximize opportunities for success.
• Give positive feedback.
• Provide opportunities for youngsters to play
different positions.
20. Guidelines for Balancing
Competition and Cooperation
• Blend competition and cooperation when
teaching and coaching physical skills.
• Individualize instruction to meet each
person’s needs.
• Structure games for children to include both
competitive and cooperative elements.
(continued)
21. Guidelines for Balancing Competition
and Cooperation (continued)
• When competition leads to fierce rivalry,
use superordinate goals to get the groups
together.
• Provide positive feedback and
encouragement to students and athletes
regardless of the outcomes of the
competition.
(continued)
22. Guidelines for Balancing Competition
and Cooperation (continued)
• Stress cooperation to produce trust and
open communication.
• Provide opportunities for both the learning
of sport skills and the practice of these
skills in competition.