The document provides an overview of machine vision and its components. It discusses the top five industrial users of machine vision, common machine vision applications, and key components like lenses, cameras, lighting, and software tools. It also outlines steps for selecting a machine vision vendor, including defining requirements, researching technology options, evaluating solutions, and performing a risk assessment.

1. Part 1 in a Series:
General Overview
© 2014, Pete Kepf, All Rights Reserved
Pete Kepf, CVP
www.kepf.me

2. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Overview
 Technical
 Lighting
 Lenses
 Software Tools
 Business
 Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
 Risk Assessment
 Vendor Selection

3. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Machine Vision is the use of a computer to
acquire visual information and/or extract
image information for purposes of data storage
or automatic decision making.

4. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Top Five Industrial Users*
1. Semiconductors
2. Wood
3. Electronics
4. Transportation
5. Pharma/ Medical Device
* Source Automated
Imaging Association

5. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Motion/ Robot Guidance
 Defect/ Flaw Detection
 Inspection/ Grading/ Sorting
 Identification/ Verification
 Data Acquisition
 Measurement/ Gauging

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Motion
Flaw
Identification
Sort
Data Acquisition
Measurement

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Vision Components
 Lens
 Camera
 Processor
 Input/ Output
Peripherals
 Lighting
 Frame/ Enclosure
 Controls/ Software
 Part Handling/
Reject/ Sorter

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Components
 Cameras, Frame Grabbers, Computers, Boards,
Peripherals
 Lens, Lighting, Sensors, Framing, Valves,
Motion
Solutions
 Value Added Distributors, Systems Integrators,
Machine Builders

9. Pete Kepf, CVP
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1. Find a Trusted Source (Vendor, AIA, Search)
2. Define the Requirements
3. Research the Technology
4. Refine the Requirements
5. Professionally evaluate the requirements
6. Obtain Budget/ Price/ Performance Data
7. Perform Risk Assessment
8. Select Vendor

10. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Lighting
 Light Sources and Frequencies
 Lighting Sources and Angles
 Lenses
 Common Types of Machine Vision Lenses
 Security/ vs. Machine Vision Lenses
 Cameras
 GigE
 USB
 Software Tools
 Image Processing
 Image Pre-processing

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 Line Light
 Back Light
 Diffuse/ Work Envelope Light
 Diffuse Dome Light
 Pattern Projector
 Front (Spot) Light
 Axial Light
 Ring Light
 Off Axis Ring Light

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Useful for:
• Line Scan
• Linear Parts
• Structured
Light

13. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Gauging
• Measurement

14. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Robot Work
Cells
• Top Light
Assembly
• Reflective
Parts

15. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Highly Reflective
Parts

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Useful for:
• Structured
Light
• Height
Derivation

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Useful for:
• Small Parts
• Structured Light

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Useful for:
• Highly
Reflective
Parts
• Surface
Defects

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Useful for:
• General-purpose

20. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Useful for:
• Surface Defects
• Reflective Parts

21. Pete Kepf, CVP
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(Previous: Halogen- Fluorescent- Xenon;
Now: LED)
Source: www.thermalcamerarentals.com

22. Pete Kepf, CVP
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 Types of Lenses
 Terms:
 Working Distance (WD): Distance
from the end of the lens to the
part to be inspected.
 Field of View (FOV): Image area
that contains the area of the part
to be inspected.

23. Pete Kepf, CVP
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Function
 Macro
 Telecentric
 Large-format (“Line Scan”)
Size
 C-Mount
 CS-Mount
 F-Mount

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Useful for:
• WD: 73-527mm
• Low Distortion
• Vibration
Resistance
• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”

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Vibration ResistantLow Distortion

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Useful for:
• WD: 40-340mm
• Extremely Low
Distortion
• Sensor Size: ½”.
2/3”

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• Ideal for Coaxial lighting
• Eliminate Perspective Error
• Accurate 3D Measurement

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 Today’s sensors (4-9 Megapixels) are often 1”

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 CS Mount: 12.5mm flange back distance
 C-Mount: 17.526mm flange back distance
 Thread size identical
 Can use C-mount lens on CS camera with 5mm
extension
 Can NOT use CS lens on C-mount camera
 F-Mount used when:
 Sensor size > 4/3”
 Additional spece required between lens flange and
image sensor

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 Hardware/ Deliverable Comparison
 “Sensor”, “System”, “Smart Camera”
 “Turn-key”, “Assisted Installation”
 Risk Assessment
 Problem Definition
 Solution Verification
 Vendor Selection
 Knowledge Base
 Resources