A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is an electromechanical system used to measure the physical geometrical characteristics of objects with high precision. These machines have three orthogonal axes and utilize a probe to determine size and position by recording X, Y, and Z coordinates. CMMs come in various mechanical structures, including cantilever, moving bridge, and gantry types, and are essential in computer-aided manufacturing for analyzing measurement data.

1. COORDINATE MEASURING
MACHINE(CMM)

2. INTRODUCTION
• The first CMM Devices were probably introduced by the
Italian company DEA (Digital Electronic Automation
Spa) which introduced a Portal Frame CMM with Hard
Probe.
• A Coordinate measuring machine is an
electromechanical system design to perform coordinate
metrology.
• CMMs are also considered as transducers that can
convert physical measurements into electrical signals.
• They are versatile in their capability to record
measurement of complex profiles with high sensitivity
(0.0025 mm) and speed.

3. DEFINITION
A coordinate measuring
Machine is a 3D device
For measuring the
Physical geometrical
Characteristics of an
object.

4. CMM IN COMPUTER AIDED
MANUFACTURING

5. Description
The typical 3 "bridge" CMM is
composed of three axes, an X, Y and
Z.
These axes are orthogonal to each
other in a typical three dimensional
coordinate system.
Each axis has a scale system that
indicates the location of that axis.
The machine will read the input from
the touch probe, as directed by the
operator or programmer.
The machine then uses the X,Y,Z
coordinates of each of these points to
determine size and position with
micrometer precision typically.
Reference
..VIDEONX CMM Inspection Programming.mp4

6. COORDINATING MEASURING
MACHINE(CMM)
..VIDEOUNIVERSAL COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE.mp4

7. COMPONENTS OF CMM
To accomplish measurements in 3-D, a basic CMM is
composed of the following components:
 Probe head and probe to contact the workpart surfaces
 Mechanical structure that provides motion of the probe
in three Cartesian axes and displacement transducers to
measure the coordinate values of each axis
 Drive system and control unit to move each of the
three axes
 Digital computer system with application software
..VIDEOWorking and principle of Co-ordinate measuring machine (CMM).mp4

8. COMPONENT OF CMM(CONT..)
PROBE:
 The contact probe is a key component of
a CMM.lt indicates when contact has
been made with the part surface during
measurement.
 The tip of the probe is usually a ruby ball.
Ruby is a form of corundum (aluminum
oxide), whose desirable properties in this
application include high hardness for
wear resistance and low density for
minimum inertia.
 Most probes today are touch-trigger
probes which actuate when the probe
makes contact with the part surface.

9. TYPES OF CMM
Ass per the mechanical structure the CMM are
classified into
six types , which are as follows:
 CANTILEVER
 MOVING BRIDGE
 FIXED BRIDGE
 HORIZONTAL ARM
 GANTRY
 COLUMN

10. MECHANICAL STRUCTURES OF CMM

11. CMM WORKING
 After placing a workpiece on the
machine table, a probe is used to
measure different points on it by
mapping the x, y, z coordinates.
 The probe operates either
manually via an operator or
automatically via a control system.
 These points are then uploaded to
a computer interface where they
can be analyzed using modeling
software (e.g. CAD) and
regression algorithms for further
development.