Drowning occurs when water enters the respiratory tract, preventing breathing and oxygen intake. It can cause death within 24 hours from suffocation. Near-drowning victims survive for over 24 hours. Signs of drowning include a wet, cold body; blue lips; vomiting; abnormal breathing; and cardiac arrest in severe cases. Treatment depends on the condition - CPR for no pulse or breathing, clearing airways and removing water from the lungs otherwise. Complications can include pneumonia, renal failure, and stroke if not promptly treated. Prevention emphasizes safety around bodies of water and supervision of children.

1. Drowning
Dr Shambhavi Sharma

2. Drowning is the condition when the victim
inhales or ingests water thtough his/her
respiratory tract or alimentary tract.
Death occurs within 24 hrs due to suffocation
near drowning: means patient nearly died from
drowning. Survives for more than 24 hrs.

3. • Causes:
• Suicide
• Seizure,unconscious near water
• Drowning in swimming pool
• Small children have drowning in bath tubs
• Fall during boating

4. Signs and symptoms
• Body is wet, cold hands and legs
• Bluish discolouration of body especially lips
• Shivering,restlessness, unconsciousness,
confusion
• Frothy discharge from mouth, vomiting
• Increased / decreased rate of breathing/absent
breathing/gasping
• Abnormal sounds ( gurgling)
• Decreased heart rate

5. Algae, foreign materials attached in body
No breathing and no pulse( cardiac arrest)

6. Types
Wet drowning:
• Water is inhaled inside lungs
• Lungs cannot exchange gases properly
• Breathing and circulation is stopped
Dry drowing:
Water doesn’t enter the lungs due to immediate
spasm of the upper airways
No air entry from upper airways

7. First aid management
• During drowning:
• Your safety first: don’t just jump in the water
• Throw a light object (life jacket,woodden piece
,rope) for the patient to catch
• Rescue the patient from under water
• Lie the patient in flat surface
• Remove all the wet clothes and make the
patient warm

8. • Assess the patient
• LOOK: ALERTNESS(AVPU SCALE)
CHEST MOVEMENTS,
• LISTEN ( HEART SOUNDS)
• FEEL ( AIR PASSAGE THROUGH NOSTRILS)

9. No pulse no respiration:
• Start CPR
Patient breathing but has difficulty:
• Maintain ABC
• Manage if injuries

10. Maintain Airway Patency:
• left lateral position
• clear secetions, foreign bodies
• Don’t insert anything in mouth(eg spoon)
• Head tilt, chin lift , jaw thrust to prevent
toungue fall
• Loosen tie ,clothing around the neck
• Remove artificial dentures if possible

11. Remove excess water from lungs and abdomen:
• By turning upside down
• Or pressing over the abdomen
Reassure the patient
Immediately transfer to hospital

12. Complications:
• Cardiac arrest
• Pulmonary edema , pneumonia
• Stroke, cerebral edema
• Renal failure
• Metabolic changes
• infection

13. • Prevention from drowning:
Brainstorming

14. • Thank you