First Aid

WHAT IS FIRST AID?
The assistance given to an injured or
sick person in need of urgent medical
assistance.
This applies to a broad range of
medical situations and consists both
of specific knowledge and skills
and the ability to assess a situation
and make appropriate decisions.

FIRST AID MANUAL
Every first aid kit
should contain a first
aid manual. The
manual will help you
know how to treat
wounds, sprains, bites,
and other common
health issues.

TWEEZERS
Tweezers are an
important to have in any
first aid kit regardless of
how basic your kit is.
Tweezers can be used to
remove tool debris such
as glass, dirt, or splinters
from a wound. They can
also be used to remove
stingers left behind by
bees.

ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENT
Antibiotic ointment can be
used to treat many types of
conditions and will aid in
the proper healing of the
wound area. Antibiotic
ointment also helps to keep
infection out of the wound
and should be administered
after the injured area has
been thoroughly cleaned.

BANDAGES
Adhesive bandages in
multiple sizes should be
part of a first aid kit.
Traditional size bandages
are needed more often
than the largest and
smallest sizes, so it's a
good idea to add a few
extra of these, just in
case.

GAUZE PADS
Adhesive bandages aren't
always large enough to cover
a wound, which is why it's
crucial to have gauze pads in
a first aid kit. Gauze pads
can be fashioned into a
bandage or used to absorb
blood. Gauze pads come in
many sizes and each kit
should include an
assortment.

MEDICAL TAPE
Medical tape is used to
secure gauze pads or
wraps when they are
being used as a
bandage. This tape is
designed not to leave
residue behind and
usually comes in a long
roll.

ELASTIC BANDAGES
Elastic bandages help
keep a sprained joint
immobile and reduce
swelling. Elastic
bandages come with
either hook-and-loop or
metal fasteners to
keep them in place.

INSTANT COLD PACK
To prevent swelling,
many health care
professionals recommend
icing an injury. A one-
time, instant-use cold
pack does not become
cold until the seal on the
packaging is broken and
the material inside is
activated.

How to Control
Nose Bleeding
1.Sit up straight and tip your head
slightly forward.
2.Use your thumb and forefinger to
firmly pinch the soft part of your nose
shut.
3.Apply an ice pack to your nose and
cheeks. Cold will constrict the blood
vessels and help stop the bleeding.

How to Control Nose
Bleeding
4.Keep pinching for a full 10 minutes. Resist the urge
to peek after a few minutes to see if your nose has
stopped bleeding.
5.Check to see if your nose is still bleeding after 10
minutes. If it is, hold it for 10 more minutes.
6.Put a thin layer of a saline- or water-based nasal
gel, such as NasoGel, or an antiseptic nasal cream
inside your nose. Do not blow your nose or put
anything else inside your nose for at least 12 hours
after the bleeding has stopped.
7.Rest quietly for a few hours.

How to Control Bleeding
Direct
Pressure
Hold
pressure
directly
on the
wound.

Elevate
Above the
Heart
Elevate
the
wound to
slow
blood
flow.

Use
Pressure
Points
Pressure
points
should be
between
the
wound
and the
heart.

Common pressure points:
 Arm between shoulder and
elbow: brachial artery
 Groin area along bikini line:
femoral artery
 Behind the knee: popliteal
artery

When
Should You
Apply a
Tourniquet?
Tourniquets
should
almost
never be
used.

Minor Cuts and Scrapes
 Clean It
 Stop the Bleeding
 Cover It
 When to Get the Doctor
Involved?

How to Treat a Burn
Treat it Yourself or Call for Help,
Depending on Severity
1. Flush the burned area with cool
running water for several minutes.
2. Consult the doctor for a severe burn.
3. Apply a burn ointment or spray for
pain.
4. Take ibuprofen or acetaminophen for
pain relief if necessary.

TIPS
1.To understand how deep burns look and
what they do to skin, visit the Gallery of
Burn Pictures.
2.Burns destroy skin and the loss of skin can
lead to infection, dehydration, and
hypothermia (loss of body heat). Make
sure that burn patients get emergency
medical help if experiencing any of the
following:

TIPS
dizziness or confusion
weakness
fever or chills
shivering
cold sweats
3.While the burn is healing, wear loose
natural clothing like silks or light
cottons. Harsher fabrics will irritate
the skin even more.

It's Not Like a Car: You Don't
Need a License

The Steps
1. Call an Ambulance
Either call an ambulance yourself or
direct someone else to do it.
2. Push on the chest
Put the heel of your hand directly on
the center of the chest, between the
nipples. Push down about 2 inches (5-
6 cm) at a rate of 100-120/minute,
about 2 pushes per second.

Personal Protective
Equipment
Hand Cleaners Gloves
CPR Masks Face Masks
Eye Protection
Sharps
Container

FIRST AID KIT
Group Activity
Create your own first aid kit.
1.Plan what you will have in your kit.
2.Assign each member to a tool to
bring.
3.In a short bond paper, list the tools
you have and explain why you
choose those tools and what are their
uses.

REFERENCES:
 https://www.overstock.com/guides/top
-10-first-aid-kit-tools
 https://www.verywell.com/personal-
protective-equipment-ppe-1298866
 http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/how-
to-stop-a-
nosebleedhttp://www.webmd.com/firs
t-aid/how-to-stop-a-nosebleed
 https://www.verywell.com/burn-
pictures-4020409

First Aid

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