This document provides guidance on citing various types of social media and images in APA style. It discusses how to cite original social media posts, including retaining hashtags and emojis. It also explains how to cite images found online or viewed in person, and what information to include when image creator or date is unknown. The document concludes with instructions for including images in papers as figures.

1. HOW TO CITE SOCIAL
MEDIA IN APA STYLE
P R A C T I C A L R E S E A R C H 1

2. 3. VARIOUS EXAMPLES
1.
CITING A SOCIAL MEDIA
POST
2. APA 7TH EDITION OF CITING A
SOCIAL MEDIA POST
WHAT TO LEARN?
GET READY TO LEARN AND APPLY THE FOLLOWING IN
YOUR RESEARCH PAPER

3. CITING A SOCIAL MEDIA POST
 CiteONLY ORIGINAL CONTENT
fromsocialmediasitessuchas
Facebook,Twitter,Instagram,
Reddit,etc.
 Forexample,ifyoufindaFacebook
postthatlinkstoablog,citetheblog,
nottheFacebookpost.

4. CITING A SOCIAL MEDIA POST
 Socialmediapostsmayincludetext,
images,andaudiovisualcontent
 Donotalterthespellingand
capitalizationinasocialmedia
reference
 Retainhashtags,links,andemojis(if
possible).

5. CITING A SOCIAL MEDIA POST
 Ifyoucannotcreatetheemoji,
providethenameoftheemojiin
squarebracketse.g. [facewith
tearsofjoyemoji].
 Thefulllistofnamescanbefound
ontheUnicodeConsortium's
website.

6. APA 7TH EDITION OF
CITING A SOCIAL
MEDIA POST

9. VARIOUS EXAMPLES :
SOCIAL MEDIA
REFERENCE LIST

14. HOW TO CITE AN IMAGE IN
APA STYLE
P R A C T I C A L R E S E A R C H 1

15. 1.
HOW TO CITE AN IMAGE IN APA
STYLE
2. CITING IMAGES ACCESSED
ONLINE
WHAT TO LEARN?
GET READY TO LEARN AND APPLY THE FOLLOWING IN
YOUR RESEARCH PAPER
3.
CITING IMAGES WITH MISSING
INFORMATION

16. 4.
CITING IMAGES VIEWED IN
PERSON
5.
INCLUDING IMAGES AS
FIGURES
WHAT TO LEARN?
GET READY TO LEARN AND APPLY THE FOLLOWING IN
YOUR RESEARCH PAPER

17. HOW TO CITE AN IMAGE
IN APA STYLE

18. AnAPA imagecitationincludesthe
creator’sname,theyear,theimagetitle
andformat(e.g. painting,photograph,
map),andthelocationwhereyou
accessedorviewedtheimage.
How to Cite an Image in APA Style

19. APA FORMAT
Lastname,Initials. (Year).
Imagetitle[Format]. Site
Name. orMuseum,
Location. URL

20. APA REFERENCE ENTRY
vanGogh,V. (1889). Thestarry
night[Painting]. Museumof
ModernArt,NewYorkCity,NY,
UnitedStates.
https://www.moma.org/colle
ction/works/79802

21. APA IN-TEXT CITATION
(vanGogh,1889)

22. CITING IMAGES
ACCESSED ONLINE

23.  Foronlineimages,includethenameof
thesiteyoufounditon,andaURL.
 Linkdirectlytotheimagewhere
possible,asitmaybehardtolocate
fromtheotherinformationgiven.
CITING IMAGES ACCESSED ONLINE

24. APA FORMAT
Lastname,Initials. (Year).
Imagetitle[Format]. Site
Name. URL

25. APA REFERENCE ENTRY
Thompson,M. (2020).
Canyonwren
[Photograph]. Flickr.
https://flic.kr/p/2icfzq4

26. APA IN-TEXT CITATION
(Thompson,2020)

27. CITING IMAGES WITH
MISSING INFORMATION
(UNTITLED IMAGES)

28.  Foruntitledimages,includeadescriptionof
theimage,insquarebrackets,wherethe
titlewouldusuallygo.
 Ifthereisnopublicationdate,add“n.d.”in
placeofthedate,andaddthedatethatyou
accessedtheimage.
CITING IMAGES WITH
NO TITLE

29. APA REFERENCE ENTRY
Google. (n.d.). [GoogleMaps
mapofUtrechtcitycenter].
RetrievedJanuary10,2020,
from
https://goo.gl/maps/keKNQ
ZHZTS7ticwb8

30. APA IN-TEXT CITATION
(Google,n.d.)

31. CITING IMAGES WITH
MISSING INFORMATION
(UNKNOWN CREATOR)

32.  Forimageswherethecreatoris
unknown,youcanusethetitleor
descriptionintheauthor’sposition.
CITING IMAGES WITH
UNKNOWN CREATOR

33. APA REFERENCE ENTRY
[Photographofaviolent
confrontationduringtheHong
Kongprotests]. (2019).
https://twitter.com/xyz11111112

34. APA IN-TEXT CITATION
([Confrontation
duringHongKong
protests],2019)

35. CITING IMAGES
VIEWED IN PERSON

36.  Forimagesviewedinamuseumor
gallery,youincludethenameand
locationoftheinstitutionwhere
youviewedtheimage.
CITING IMAGES VIEWED IN PERSON

37. APA FORMAT
Lastname,Initials.
(Year). Imagetitle
[Format]. Museum,
Location.

38. APA REFERENCE ENTRY
Goya,F. (1819–1823). Saturn
devouringhisson
[Painting]. Museodel
Prado,Madrid,Spain.

39. APA IN-TEXT CITATION
(Goya,1819–1823)

40.  Citationsforimagessourcedfroma
printpublicationsuchasA BOOK,
JOURNAL,OR MAGAZINE include
informationabouttheprintsourcein
whichtheimageoriginallyappeared:
CITING IMAGES VIEWED IN PERSON

41. AmericanPsychologicalAssociation. (2020).
Sampleconceptualmodel[Infographic]. In
PublicationmanualoftheAmerican
PsychologicalAssociation(7thed.,p. 238).
https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
CITING IMAGES VIEWED IN PERSON

42. INCLUDING IMAGES
AS FIGURES

43.  Whenyouincludetheimageitselfin
yourpaper,itshouldbeproperly
formattedasan APA figure,witha
number,adescriptivetitle,and anentry
inyourlistoffiguresifyouhave one.
INCLUDING IMAGES AS FIGURES

44.  Thetitleofafigureshouldappear
immediatelyabovetheimageitselfand
willvaryaccordingtothetypeofimage
cited.
 Forexample,anartworkissimplythe
work’stitle.
INCLUDING IMAGES AS FIGURES

45.  A notebelowthefiguremayinclude
furtherdetailsregarding itsauthorship
andmedium,copyright/permissions
information,additional explanatory
notes,orotherelements.
INCLUDING IMAGES AS FIGURES

47.  Notethatanyfiguresthatyoudidn’t
createyourselfshouldappearbothinyour
listoffigures(ifyouhaveone)andonyour
referencepage.
 Figuresyoucreateyourselfonlyappearin
thelistoffigures.
INCLUDING IMAGES AS FIGURES

48. REFERENCES:
 LibraryGuides:APA 7thReferencingStyleGuide:Socialmedia. (2023,January25). In
Socialmedia-APA 7thReferencingStyleGuide-Library GuidesatAUT University.
https://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/APA7th/social-media
 ResearchGuides:APA Style7thEdition:CitingYourSources:SocialMedia. (2023,
January4). InSocialMedia-APA Style7thEdition:CitingYourSources-Research
GuidesatUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.
https://libguides.usc.edu/APA7th/socialmedia
 Caulfield,J. (2020,November5). HowtociteanimageinAPA Style. In Scribbr.
https://www.scribbr.com/apa-examples/image/
 Caulfield,J. (2022a,June16). HowtociteanimageinAPA Style. Scribbr.
https://www.scribbr.com/apa-examples/image/

49. THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!