This document provides information on first aid, including its aims, principles, priorities, and how to treat common medical emergencies. The goals of first aid are to preserve life, prevent worsening of conditions, promote recovery, and ensure safe transport to further care. It discusses assessing situations calmly, protecting oneself and casualties, treating life-threatening conditions first, and calling for help. Key first aid skills taught include focusing on a person's airway, breathing, and circulation. Common treatments covered include handling bleeding, shock, burns, wounds, fractures, and respiratory or cardiac emergencies. The roles and responsibilities of first aiders are also outlined.

1. FIRST AID IN EMERGENCY
DR.ANJALATCHI M.SC(N) MD(AM), MBA(HA)
ERA UNIVERSITY

2. WHAT IS FIRST AIDS

3. THE AIMS OF FIRST AID ARE:
• To preserve life,
• To prevent the worsening of one’s medical
condition,
• To promote recovery, and
• To help to ensure safe transportation to the
nearest healthcare facility.

4. PURPOSE OF FIRST AID

5. DO’S AND DON’T

6. PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID(4C’S)

7. PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID(3P’S)

8. OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID
To understand your own abilities and limitations.
■ To stay safe and calm at all times.
■ To assess a situation quickly and calmly and summon the
appropriate help if necessary.
■ To assist the casualty and provide the necessary treatment, with
the help of others if possible.
■ To pass on relevant information to the emergency services, or
to the person who takes responsibility for the casualty.
■ To be aware of your own needs.

9. PHILOSOPHY OF FIRST AID

10. THE FIRST AIDER MUST HAVE
• A first aider is the term describing any person who has
received a certificate from an authorized training body
indicating that he or she is qualified to render first aid.
First aid certifications issued by St. John Ambulance
Association and the Indian Red Cross Society are
awarded to candidates who have attended a course of
theoretical and practical work and who have passed a
professionally supervised examination and medical,
paramedical profession person from recognized
board/university/council.

11. FIRST AID PRIORITIES(APPC)
• Assess a situation quickly and calmly.
• Protect yourself and any casualties from danger—never put yourself
at risk .
• Prevent cross-contamination between yourself and the casualty as
best as possible .
• Comfort and reassure casualties
• Assess the casualty: identify, as best as you can, the injury or nature
of illness affecting a casualty .
• Give early treatment, and treat the casualties with the most serious
(life-threatening) conditions first.
• Arrange for appropriate help: call 911 for emergency help if you
suspect serious injury or illness; take or send the casualty to the
hospital; transfer him into the care of a healthcare professional, or to
a higher level of medical care. Stay with a casualty until care is
available.

12. IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID

13. ACTION PLAN IN EMERGENCY

14. SKILLS OF A FIRST AIDER

15. KEY SKILLS TO FIRST AID(ABCD)
• First aider are taught to focus on the ABC of
first aid before giving additional treatment:
– Airway
– Breathing
– Circulation
• Some instructor add a fourth step of D for
– Deadly bleeds or defibrillation.

16. CONTINUED
SAME ORDER OF PRIRIOTY USING THE 3 BS:
• Breathing
• Bleeding
• Bones.

17. PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID

18. GOLDEN RULES FOR FIRST AID

19. CONTENT OF THE FIRST AID
KIT

20. CONTINUED

21. ROLE OF FIRST AIDER
Remember PACT
• P - Protect
• A - Assess
• C - Care
• T - Transport-Triage

22. ROLE OF FIRST AIDER

23. CONTINUED

24. CONTINUED

27. CONTINUED

28. CONTINUED

29. CONTINUED

30. CONTINUED

31. RESPONSIBILITY OF FIRST AIDER

32. REMEMBER THE FIRST AIDER BEFOR
ACT (DRABC)

33. CONTINUED

35. CIRCULATION

36. FIRST AID IN MEDICAL EMERGENCY
• ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
• HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS
• BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
• HYPERPYREXIA
• ACUTE PANCREATITIS
• ACUTE GASTRO ENTERITIS
• MENINGITIS
• EPILEPSY
• RENAL COLIC

37. CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
(CPR)

46. Heart attack

47. SIGN AND SYMPTOM

48. TREATMENT

49. BLEEDING

54. ASPHYXIA

56. DOS AND DON’T

57. MANAGEMENT

58. CHOKING

59. DOS AND DON’T

60. IMAGES

61. INFANT IMAGES

62. BOTH IMAGES

63. SHOCK

64. CAUSES OF SHOCK

65. SIGN AND SYMPTOM

66. TREATMENT

67. DROWING

68. MANAGEMENT

69. ASTHMA

70. TREATMENT

71. SUFFOCATION BY POISONOUS GASES

72. CONTINUED

73. STRANGULATION/HANGING

74. CONTINUED

75. HANGING ,STRANGULATION AND
THROTTLING

76. SIGN/SYMPTOM

77. MANAGEMENT

78. SHOCK

79. FAINTING

81. WOUND

82. FIRST AID IN WOUND

83. TYPES OF WOUND

84. TREATMENT

85. SIGN/SYMPTOM

87. TREATMENT

88. FIRST AID MEASURE

89. DRESSING AND BANDAGES

90. CONTINUED

91. HEMORRHAGE/BLEEDING

92. CONTINUED

93. TYPES OF BLEEDING

102. ALWAYS BE AS HUMANITY AND
SERVE AS A HUMANITY