The document discusses file concepts, file management, and file attributes. It defines a file as a named collection of related information recorded on secondary storage. It describes different types of files including program files, data files, and their various structures. The document also discusses common file operations and types.
A file system is used to control how data is stored and retrieved.
A filesystem is the methods and data structures that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition; that is, the way the files are organized on the disk.
A file allocation table (FAT) is a table that an operating system maintains on a hard disk that provides a map of the clusters (the basic units of logical storage on a hard disk) that a file has been stored in.
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a computer file system architecture and a family of industry-standard file systems utilizing it. The FAT file system is a legacy file system which is simple and robust.
Today, FAT file systems are still commonly found on floppy disks, USB sticks, flash and other solid-state memory cards and modules, and many portable and embedded devices.
This presentation describes about the various memory allocation methods like first fit, best fit and worst fit in memory management and also about fragmentation problem and solution for the problem.
A file system is used to control how data is stored and retrieved.
A filesystem is the methods and data structures that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition; that is, the way the files are organized on the disk.
A file allocation table (FAT) is a table that an operating system maintains on a hard disk that provides a map of the clusters (the basic units of logical storage on a hard disk) that a file has been stored in.
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a computer file system architecture and a family of industry-standard file systems utilizing it. The FAT file system is a legacy file system which is simple and robust.
Today, FAT file systems are still commonly found on floppy disks, USB sticks, flash and other solid-state memory cards and modules, and many portable and embedded devices.
This presentation describes about the various memory allocation methods like first fit, best fit and worst fit in memory management and also about fragmentation problem and solution for the problem.
Operating System - Types Of Operating System Unit-1abhinav baba
In This Slide There is Operating System And it's types ( Types of operating system)
Batch Operating System
Network Operating System
Time Sharing Operating System
Real Time Operating System
Distributed Operating System
In this presentation, I am explaining about Threads, types of threads, its advantages and disadvantages, difference between Process and Threads, multithreading and its type.
"Like the ppt if you liked the ppt"
LinkedIn - https://in.linkedin.com/in/prakharmaurya
This presentation has been created for Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) training course conducted at Cybergate. This will help every one who wish to update their knowledge on Linux user management.
A brief introduction to Process synchronization in Operating Systems with classical examples and solutions using semaphores. A good starting tutorial for beginners.
Virtual Memory
• Copy-on-Write
• Page Replacement
• Allocation of Frames
• Thrashing
• Operating-System Examples
Background
Page Table When Some PagesAre Not in Main Memory
Steps in Handling a Page Fault
Operating System - Types Of Operating System Unit-1abhinav baba
In This Slide There is Operating System And it's types ( Types of operating system)
Batch Operating System
Network Operating System
Time Sharing Operating System
Real Time Operating System
Distributed Operating System
In this presentation, I am explaining about Threads, types of threads, its advantages and disadvantages, difference between Process and Threads, multithreading and its type.
"Like the ppt if you liked the ppt"
LinkedIn - https://in.linkedin.com/in/prakharmaurya
This presentation has been created for Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) training course conducted at Cybergate. This will help every one who wish to update their knowledge on Linux user management.
A brief introduction to Process synchronization in Operating Systems with classical examples and solutions using semaphores. A good starting tutorial for beginners.
Virtual Memory
• Copy-on-Write
• Page Replacement
• Allocation of Frames
• Thrashing
• Operating-System Examples
Background
Page Table When Some PagesAre Not in Main Memory
Steps in Handling a Page Fault
In many ways, directories are treated like files. They can be created, deleted, moved and copied from Nautilus or from a shell prompt, using commands similar to those for files.
Creating Directories
You must have write permissions in a directory in order to create a new sub-directory. Most users have these permissions in their home directory (and its sub-directories) and the /tmp/ directory.
To create a new directory with Nautilus, navigate to the location of your new directory. Right-click in a blank portion of the window and select Create Folder. A new folder icon appears with the highlighted text untitled folder. Type a name for your folder and press [Enter].
To create a new directory using a shell prompt, use the command mkdir. Enter: mkdir <directory-name>, replacing <directory-name> with the intended title of the new directory.
Deleting Directories
To delete a directory from Nautilus, right click on it and choose Move to Trash, or click and drag the icon to the Trash on the Desktop.
To delete an empty directory from a shell prompt, enter the command rmdir. To delete a directory that may not be empty (and consequently everything inside that directory), enter the command rm -rf <directory>. Refer to Section 4.5.5 Delete files with rm for more information regarding the rm command.
Dot Directories
Applications create "dot" directories as well as dot files. Dot files are a single hidden configuration file — a dot directory is a hidden directory of configuration and other files required by the application. The non-configuration files in these directories are generally user-specific, and will be available only to the user who installed them.
2. Recap
• In the last class, you have learnt
– Various disk scheduling algorithms
– Selection of a particular disk scheduling
algorithm
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3. • HOME PREVIOUS TOPIC NEXT
• PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR
OS
• CPP TUTORIALS
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4. Objectives
On completion of this period you would be able to
know:
- Understand file Concept
- Understand file operations
- Know Various file types
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5. File Concept
File
- A named collection of related information
- Recorded on secondary storage
User’s perspective
- Smallest allotment of logical secondary storage
Files represent both
- Programs
- Data
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6. File concept
Program Files
- Source form
- Object form
- Executable form
Data Files
- Numeric
- Alphabetic
- Alphanumeric
- Binary
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7. File Concept
File Formats
- Free form
Ex. Text files
- Rigidly formatted
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8. File Concept
Second definition of a file
A file is a sequence of bits, bytes, lines or
records whose meaning is defined by the file’s
creator and user
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9. Types of Information in a file
- Source Programs
- Object Programs
- Executable Programs
- Numeric Data
- Text
- Student Records
- Graphic Images
- Sound recordings
- Video recordings
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10. Structure of a File
A file has a defined structure according to its type
Text file
A sequence of characters organized into lines or
pages
Source file
- A sequence of subroutines and
functions
- Each of which is further organized as
declarations followed by executable
statements
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11. Object File
A sequence of bytes organized into blocks
understandable by the system linker
Executable file
A series of code sections that can be brought into
memory executed by the loader
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12. Frequently Asked Questions
• 1. Define file
• 2. Explain file management
• 3. List the basic file operations
• 4. Explain various file operations
• 5.List and explain the common file types
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13. 1. A file is
a) A secondary storage device
b) One of CPU’s registers
c) A named collection of related information
d) None of the above
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14. 2. A file can contain
a) Only numeric data
b) Only alphabetic data
c) Only graphical data
d) All of the above
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15. 3. Information in a file is defined by
a) The operating system
b) Loader
c) Creator of file
d) None of the above
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16. 4. File management refers to
a) Organization of files
b) Allocation of CPU to user programs
c) Allocation of main memory to user programs
d) None of the above
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17. 5. Which of the following is not a file operation
a) Delete
b) Create
c) Read
d) None
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18. 6 When a file is truncated
a) New contents are written into the file
b) The file is physically removed from the storage
device
c) All file attributes remain unchanged except file
length which is reset to zero
d) None of the above
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19. 7. A file seek operation is also known as
a) Deleting a file
b) Reading a file
c) writing a file
d) Repositioning within a file
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20. 8. Open file table is maintained by
a) The user
b) The compiler
c) The operating system
d) All of the above
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21. 9. A file name usually contains
a) Three parts
b) Two parts
c) Five parts
d) Four parts
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22. 10 . An object file is
a) A ready to run program file
b) A library of routines
c) A compiled but not linked machine language file
d) None of the above
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23. 11. When you type a C program using an editor
a) An object file is generated
b) An executable file is created
c) A batch file is created
d) A source code file is created
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24. 12. The length of file name extension is
a) 1 to 3 characters
b) 1 to 5 characters
c) 1 to 10
d) Unlimited
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25. Other subject materials
• Web designing
• Micro processors
• C++ tutorials
• java
home
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