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IntroductIon to
statIstIcs
MADE BY : BHUPINDER KAUR
S.D.COLLEGE,AMBALA CANTT
nature of statIstIcs
Subject matter of
StatiSticS
two SortS of StatiSticS
• Descriptive statistics
– To describe and summarize the characteristics
of the sample
– Fall within the class of exploratory techniques
• Inferential statistics
– To infer something about the population from
the sample
– Lie within the class of confirmatory methods
Features oF statistics
• Aggregate of facts
• Numerically expressed
• Affected by multiplicity of causes
• Reasonable accuracy
• Placed in relation to each other
• Pre determined purpose
• Enumerated or estimated
• Collected in systematic manner
Functions oF statistics
• Expression of facts in numbers
example: there is lot of unemployment in
India or population is increasing at a faster
rate are not in a numerical form, it should
in numerical terms like population in 2016
would be 15% more as compared to 2010.
• Simple presentation
• Enlarge individual knowledge and
experiences
Contd.
• Comparison of facts
• Facilitates in policy formulation
example : how much food is required to
be imported in 2016?
 depends on the food production in 2016
and the demand for food in 2016.
• Formulation and testing of hypothesis
• Helps other sciences in testing their laws.
Contd.
• Establishes relationship between facts
• Helps in forecasting
• Presentation of data in a condensed form
• Reduce the complexity of data
• Draw rational conclusions

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Features and functions of statitics

  • 1. IntroductIon to statIstIcs MADE BY : BHUPINDER KAUR S.D.COLLEGE,AMBALA CANTT
  • 4. two SortS of StatiSticS • Descriptive statistics – To describe and summarize the characteristics of the sample – Fall within the class of exploratory techniques • Inferential statistics – To infer something about the population from the sample – Lie within the class of confirmatory methods
  • 5. Features oF statistics • Aggregate of facts • Numerically expressed • Affected by multiplicity of causes • Reasonable accuracy • Placed in relation to each other • Pre determined purpose • Enumerated or estimated • Collected in systematic manner
  • 6. Functions oF statistics • Expression of facts in numbers example: there is lot of unemployment in India or population is increasing at a faster rate are not in a numerical form, it should in numerical terms like population in 2016 would be 15% more as compared to 2010. • Simple presentation • Enlarge individual knowledge and experiences
  • 7. Contd. • Comparison of facts • Facilitates in policy formulation example : how much food is required to be imported in 2016?  depends on the food production in 2016 and the demand for food in 2016. • Formulation and testing of hypothesis • Helps other sciences in testing their laws.
  • 8. Contd. • Establishes relationship between facts • Helps in forecasting • Presentation of data in a condensed form • Reduce the complexity of data • Draw rational conclusions