Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Part 1Anurak Atthasit
Introduction to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant. Describing the advantage and design limit of the CCGT. Overview of Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle - showing some basic thermodynamic to explain some background of CCGT.
A review of 1st and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics is presented, as well as the introduction to the concepts of availability and exergy. Examples of calculations for power plants are presented using both analytical methods and CyclePad(TM) simulator.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Part 1Anurak Atthasit
Introduction to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant. Describing the advantage and design limit of the CCGT. Overview of Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle - showing some basic thermodynamic to explain some background of CCGT.
A review of 1st and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics is presented, as well as the introduction to the concepts of availability and exergy. Examples of calculations for power plants are presented using both analytical methods and CyclePad(TM) simulator.
This minute lecture introduces heat pumps as a best practices for heating and cooling buildings. According to UIE, more widescale use of heat pumps could save 1,200 million tonne of greenhouse gas emissions per year on a global scale, and represents one of the largest potential savings that any single technology can offer.
Solar thermal power generation systems use mirrors to collect sunlight and produce steam by solar heat to drive turbines for generating power. This system generates power by rotating turbines like thermal and nuclear power plants, and therefore, is suitable for large-scale power generation.
Solar collector ppt by Vivek Atalkar.
A solar collector is a device that collects and/or concentrates solar radiation from the Sun. These devices are primarily used for active solar heating and allow for the heating of water for personal use.
Classification of Solar collector
Flat Plate collector
Cogeneration is a system that produces heat and electricity simultaneously in a single plant, powered by just one primary energy source, thereby guaranteeing a better energy yield than would be possible to achieve from two separate production sources.
the water that reaches the surface is not hot enough to produce steam, it can still be used to produce electricity by feeding it into a Binary Power Plant. The hot water is fed into a heat exchanger. The heat from the water is absorbed by a liquid such as isopentane which boils at a lower temperature. The isopentane steam is used to drive turbines, producing electricity. The isopentane then condenses back to its liquid state and is used again.
This minute lecture introduces heat pumps as a best practices for heating and cooling buildings. According to UIE, more widescale use of heat pumps could save 1,200 million tonne of greenhouse gas emissions per year on a global scale, and represents one of the largest potential savings that any single technology can offer.
Solar thermal power generation systems use mirrors to collect sunlight and produce steam by solar heat to drive turbines for generating power. This system generates power by rotating turbines like thermal and nuclear power plants, and therefore, is suitable for large-scale power generation.
Solar collector ppt by Vivek Atalkar.
A solar collector is a device that collects and/or concentrates solar radiation from the Sun. These devices are primarily used for active solar heating and allow for the heating of water for personal use.
Classification of Solar collector
Flat Plate collector
Cogeneration is a system that produces heat and electricity simultaneously in a single plant, powered by just one primary energy source, thereby guaranteeing a better energy yield than would be possible to achieve from two separate production sources.
the water that reaches the surface is not hot enough to produce steam, it can still be used to produce electricity by feeding it into a Binary Power Plant. The hot water is fed into a heat exchanger. The heat from the water is absorbed by a liquid such as isopentane which boils at a lower temperature. The isopentane steam is used to drive turbines, producing electricity. The isopentane then condenses back to its liquid state and is used again.
Try to explain about the steam generator (boiler), it has three parts. Part 1 cover the types, part 2 about its parts & auxiliaries & accessories and part 3 about performance.
Seminar on Comparative Energy analysis of sustainable techniquesdesignQube
This is the first stage of how to proceed with comparative enregy analysis of different construction techniques like Baker style, tradiitonal kerala style etc.
Exergy analysis as a tool for energy efficiency improvements in the Tanzanian...Patrick VanSchijndel
The story behind energy efficiency in industrial processes is productivity, industrial competitiveness, jobs, and a clean environment. A method for energy efficiency evaluation is to carry out an energy analysis, a so called First-Law analysis. With such an energy-audit, however, it is impossible to compare different kinds of energies like electrical energy, mechanical work, high and low temperature streams, etc. A better tool for comparing different kinds or qualities of energy is exergy analysis in which the quality or exergy of all energy streams is calculated. In this way the energies are calculated and compared in a more scientifically correct and accurate manner. Advantages of the exergy analysis is to get a better understanding of the energy losses in, parts of, an industrial process, which means it is easier to find out in what part of a process energy use can be decreased.
In this paper two analyses of energy intensive processes in Tanzania and Zambia are described. First, the energy and exergy analyses of the Tanzania Portland Cement Co., Ltd., at Wazo Hill in Dar es Salaam are presented. It was possible to perform an exergy analysis using available energy and mass balance data and some basic thermodynamic data like enthalpies and Gibbs Free energies. The analysis predicted that the energy use in the cement production could be decreased by 15% and higher by improving the kiln process and by installing new equipment (pre- calciners). Secondly, energy evaluations concerning sugar production were performed. For heat-exchangers, exergy analysis identified temperature difference between the hot and the cold streams as a critical parameter in equipment efficiency calculations. A big problem affecting this temperature difference in heat exchangers is fouling, the formation of solid deposits on heat exchanger surfaces. Elimination or minimising fouling can lead to low exergy losses in heat exchangers and hence high equipment effectiveness. A research project formulated to investigate the problem of fouling in the sugar industry in Zambia is described.
Generally it can be concluded that an exergy analysis is more accurate than a thermal analysis because not only quantity but also quality of the energy used is calculated.
This training course, Implementing Your Individual Development Plan (IDP) will focus on four important steps in planning an IDP; to acquaint individuals with the necessary tools to develop an effective IDP. An IDP is a written schedule or plan intended to address an employee’s career development needs. The IDP consists of a systematic plan for training and development experiences by which an employee may improve performance in his/her current line of work, prepare for another line of work, or move into a position of increased responsibility.
A Proposal on Heat Engines, a topic in Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics.
This work aim at studying the process involved in the conversion of heat energy to mechanical work and in effect the principles which engine operate.
Heat engines are systems that convert heat or thermal energy to mechanical energy which can then be used to do mechanical work. This is done basically by bringing a working substance from a higher state temperature to a lower state temperature. The working substance is brought to a high temperature by a heat source which generates thermal energy. This energy is converted to work by exploiting the proportion of the working substance during which the heat is transferred to the colder destination until it reaches a lower temperature state.
The conversion of this heat to mechanical work follow certain routes which ends at the start point and hence are called cycles. This work will in essence focus on these cycles. Otto cycle, Atkinson cycle and brayton cycle are some of the cycle that represent models for heat engine operations. The condition to which the working fluid is subjected in the process, is what distinguishes one cycle from the other.
Investigating The Performance of A Steam Power PlantIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The performance analysis of Shobra El-Khima power plant in Cairo, Egypt is presented based on energy and exergy analysis to determine the causes , the sites with high exergy destruction , losses and the possibilities of improving the plant performance. The performance of the plant was evaluated at different loads (Full, 75% and, 50 %). The calculated thermal efficiency based on the heat added to the steam was found to be 41.9 %, 41.7 %, 43.9% , while the exergetic efficiency of the power cycle was found to be 44.8%, 45.5% and 48.8% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively. The condenser was found to have the largest energy losses where (54.3%, 55.1% and 56.3% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively) of the added energy to the steam is lost to the environment. The maximum exergy destruction was found to be in the turbine where the percentage of the exergy destruction was found to be (42%, 59% and 46.1% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively). The pump was found to have the minimum exergy destruction. It was also found that the exergy destruction in feed water heaters and in the condenser together represents the maximum exergy destruction in the plant (about 52%). This means that the irreversibilities in the heat transfer devices in the plant have a significant role on the exergy destruction. So, it is thought that the improvement in the power plant will be limited due to the heat transfer devices.
In this Presentation I have discussed about FUEL CELL PROPERTY FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE. Comparision of Various EV with respect to FCEV is discussed with the help of IEEE paper.What are the Fuel Cell properties required for Vehicle.
Exergy Based Performance Analysis of FGPS (NTPC Faridabad)Santosh Verma
Compute energy and exergy flows using the thermodynamic property values with the real time operation parameters at terminal points of crucial systems and evaluate exergy destruction at different systems
SIMULATION, EXERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY OF A 62...Zin Eddine Dadach
The first part of this study is to simulate a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) for a production of about 620 MW of electricity using the commercial software Aspen Hysys V9.0 and the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation of state. The aim of the second part is to use exergy-based analyses in order to calculate its exergy efficiency and evaluate its environmental impact under standard conditions.
Scope of Improving Energy Utilization in Coal Based Co-Generation on Thermal ...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
OPTIMIZATION OF AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE IN ENERGY RECOVERY FROM EXHAUST GASE...IAEME Publication
This paper describes thermal analysis and optimization of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) integrated with a power generating stationary diesel engine. A simple ORC, with a regenerator, is considered here as a bottoming cycle for producing additional power by recovering waste energy
from the exhaust gases of the engine. Taking evaporation pressure and condensation temperature as two decision variables, a genetic algorithm is used for simultaneously maximizing three objective functions - exergy efficiency, thermal efficiency, and specific network.
Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Cogeneration Cycle, Driven by Ocean Thermal E...theijes
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a technology by which thermal energy from the ocean is harnessed and converted into electricity. It is one of the renewable energy technologies being researched into, as part of solutions to the challenge of global warming and climate change. A major setback of this technology, however, is that it has a very low cycle efficiency. In this work a cogeneration cycle is proposed which is driven by the temperature difference between the warm surface layer and the cold bottom layer of the ocean. The work is aimed at improving the overall cycle efficiency of OTEC systems by reducing the depth at which cold water is captured from the ocean. To achieve this, the cycle employs a binary mixture of ammonia and water as the working fluid and uses the mechanism of absorption to obtain the liquid phase of the working fluid after expansion through the turbine. The effects of varying cycle parameters such as the depth of cold-water capture, heat source temperature and mixture composition of the working fluid were investigated. With a basic solution mixture concentration of 0.40 kg/kg NH3/H2O, and under operating conditions of 30oC as the warm surface water temperature and a cold water temperature of 10oC, captured at a depth of 600m the proposed cycle produced a net power output of 42 kW, and a refrigeration capacity of 370 kW. The thermal efficiency computed was 1.94% and the exergy efficiency was 13.78%, both higher than the case where the depth of cold water capture was 1000m.
Download Link (Copy URL):
https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements
Syllabus:
Availability and Irreversibility
Availability Function
Second Law Efficiencies
Work Potential Associated with Internal Energy
Waste Heat Recovery
Heat Losses – Quality vs. Quantity
Principle of Heat Recovery Units
Classification of WHRS on Temperature Range Bases
Commercial Viable Waste Heat Recovery Devices
Benefits of Waste Heat Recovery
Development of a Waste Heat Recovery System
Commercial Waste Heat Recovery Devices
West Heat Recovery Boiler (WHRB)
Recuperators- Regenerative, Ceramic, Regenerative Heat Exchanger
Thermal wheel/ Heat Wheel
Heat Pipe
Economiser
Feed Water
Heat Pump
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Plate Heat Exchanger
Run-around coil
Direct Contact Heat Exchanger
Advantages and Limitations of WHRD’s
Enhancing Energy Efficiency of Thermochemical Vacuum-Processes and SystemsALD Vacuum Systems Inc.
The energy optimization of thermoprocessing equipment is of great ecological and economical importance. Thermoprocessing equipment consumes up to 40% of the energy used in industrial applications in Germany. Therefore it is necessary to increase the energy efficiency of thermoprocessing equipment in order to meet the EU’s targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In order to exploit the potential for energy savings, it is essential to analyze and optimize processes and plants as well as operating methods of electrically heated vacuum plants used in large scale production.
THE WORLD IS BECOMING A SMALL VILLAGE WITH THE GLOBALIZATION
TO AVOID ECONOMICAL CRISIS, THE COMPANIES ARE MORE AND MORE COMPETITIVE
THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGING PROJECTS AND GETTING THEM RIGHT THE FIRST TIME IS BECOMING CRUCIAL FOR THE COMPANY SURVIVAL
The objective of this applied research is to compare the values of the different exergoeconomic variables of the Open Cycle Gas Turbine (OCGT) calculated during summer atmospheric conditions to the values obtained from the simulation of the plant using design conditions.
يسلط الأدب الإسلامي الضوء على ثماني وظائف رئيسية لإدارة الموارد البشرية وفق النهج الإسلامي؛ وهي: تخطيط الموارد البشرية، والتوظيف، والاختيار، والتوجيه، وتقييم الأداء، والتدريب والتطوير، والتعويضات والاستحقاقات، والتطوير الوظيفي[12]. ويكمن الهدف من هذه الورقة البحثية في النظر في قوانين العلم الإلهي للصدقات التي تنطبق على المؤسسات بوصفها شكلًا من أشكال إدارة القوى العاملة. أولًا، بغرض تطبيق القوانين الإلهية للصدقات بشكل صحيح في إطار أي تسلسل هرمي، ينبغي أن يشغل كل موظف المنصب المناسب وفقًا لمستوى مهارته. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، في حال سعى كل فرد في الشركة إلى ابتغاء مرضاة الله (سبحانه وتعالى) من خلال مساعدة الموظفين المُشرف عليهم (المعاملات)، فسينتج عن ذلك تقليل الاحتكاكات بين الموظفين للحد الأدني ورفع الروح المعنوية وزيادة مشاركة جميع الموظفين. نتيجة لذلك، ستحقق كفاءة سير العمل أقصى حد يمكن تحقيقه على جميع مستويات المؤسسة. فضلًا عن ذلك، فإن مكافأة قادة الصدقات تتمثل في شعورهم بالسعادة، وهو ما سيمكنهم من تهيئة بيئة ممتعة في مكان العمل. وفيما يتعلق بالقانون الإلهي الثاني للصدقات، سيصبح بإمكان أفراد الشركة تطهير أنفسهم وتزكيتها، بجانب احتساب سير العمل أعمالًا صالحة لهم في الطريق الأبدي للصدقات
قدم في هذه الورقة البحثية العناصر الأساسية الثلاثة لروح الإسلام؛ وهي: (1) اتباع الفطرة السليمة، (2) الاستعانة بالعقل المتدبر، (3) اعتناق التوحيد لتدبر آيات الله من حولنا. إنَّ اعتناق وقبول روح الإسلام هذه في قلوبنا وعقولنا يحثنا على طاعة الله (سبحانه وتعالى) في جميع أنشطتنا الاجتماعية والمهنية وممارسة أركان الإسلام الخمسة حبًا وحمدًا لله. لذا، فمن الضروري أن يتبنى المجتمع المسلم روح الإسلام هذه حتى يتمكن من نشر رسالة السلام من النبي محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) وتوجيه البشرية إلى الصراط المستقيم.
قوانين العلم الإلهي للصدقات: الحل الإسلامي للنزعة الاستهلاكية وعواقبهاZin Eddine Dadach
ثمة تناقض مع قوانين العلم الإلهي للصّدقات الذي فرضها الله (سبحانه وتعالى) على الكون أجمع، حيث يسير المال في التدفق الاجتماعي للاستهلاك من المستهلكين الفقراء إلى الشركات والبنوك الأكثر ثراءً. لذلك، من الممكن أن تكون الزيادة في شدة الكوارث الطبيعية المرتبطة بظاهرة الاحتباس الحراري بمثابة تحذير عالمي شديد أرسله الله (سبحانه وتعالى) في الطبيعة لحثنا على الامتثال لقوانين العلم الإلهي للصدقات وتغيير نمط حياتنا من الاستهلاك إلى المجتمعات القائمة على الصدقات. فقد يمثل ظهور جائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19) تحذيرًا عالميًا آخر من الرحيم (سبحانه وتعالى) لإجبار البشرية على تغيير نمط الحياة القائم على الاستهلاك. وبغية تقليل النزعة الاستهلاكية وعواقبها على صحة البشر والبيئة، يتبنى بعض الأشخاص بالفعل نمط الحياة المبسط والذي يُعرف بتوجه "المِينيماليزم" (ويُقصد به التقليلية). إذ ترتكز أهم مزايا هذا النمط للحياة في تقليل النفايات بغرض مساعدة البيئة، وخفض انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في العالم، وتوفير المال والوقت المستخدم في الاستهلاك المفرط من خلال أداء الأنشطة القائمة على الصدقات.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى محاولة إدراك العلم الإلهي في الطبيعة بناءً على بعض الآيات القرآنية والتفسير الروحاني للحركات في الطبيعة. أولًا، بناءً على الآية الكريمة (سورة الرحمن (55)، الآية: 7)، فإنَّ الله (سبحانه وتعالى) يحث المناطق الغنية بالطاقة على منح قسمًا من الثراء للمناطق الفقيرة في الطاقة، وذلك من أجل تحقيق التوازن والانسجام في الطبيعة. وهو ما يُوصف في هذا البحث بالقانون الإلهي الأول للصدقات من جملة قوانين العلم الإلهيّ. بينما توضح الآية الكريمة الثانية (سورة الحجر (15)، الآية 21)، والتي تُوصف بأنها القانون الإلهي الثاني للصدقات من جملة قوانين العلم الإلهيّ، أن الله (سبحانه وتعالى) أوجب مقدارًا من المادة أو الطاقة ليتدفق من منطقة غنية ما إلى منطقة فقيرة أخرى. وفيما يتعلق باستخدام دورة الماء باعتبارها مثالًا لاستشعار قوانين العلم الإلهيّ، فيكمن الغرض الإلهي من المحيطات في استخدام الطاقة الشمسية من أجل توليد تدفق محدد بعينه من بخار الماء قد قدَّره الله (سبحانه وتعالى) تقديرًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة للسماء الجافة فوق البحار والمحيطات. وحينها يصبح الواجب الإلهي للسماء التي تظلل البحار والمحيطات هو الاستعانة بقوة الرياح من أجل تقديم قسط محدد بعينه من ذلك التدفق للماء، والّذي حدده الله (سبحانه وتعالى) مسبقًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة للسماء الجافة فوق اليابسة. وأخيرًا، يتمثل الغرض الإلهي من السماء التي تظلل اليابسة في استخدام جاذبية الأرض من أجل تقديم جزء من الماء في صورة أمطار أو ثلوج قد قدره الله (سبحانه وتعالى) تقديرًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة إلى الأرض الجافة.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى محاولة إدراك العلم الإلهي في الطبيعة بناءً على بعض الآيات القرآنية والتفسير الروحاني للحركات في الطبيعة. أولًا، بناءً على الآية الكريمة (سورة الرحمن (55)، الآية: 7)، فإنَّ الله (سبحانه وتعالى) يحث المناطق الغنية بالطاقة على منح قسمًا من الثراء للمناطق الفقيرة في الطاقة، وذلك من أجل تحقيق التوازن والانسجام في الطبيعة. وهو ما يُوصف في هذا البحث بالقانون الإلهي الأول للصدقات من جملة قوانين العلم الإلهيّ. بينما توضح الآية الكريمة الثانية (سورة الحجر (15)، الآية 21)، والتي تُوصف بأنها القانون الإلهي الثاني للصدقات من جملة قوانين العلم الإلهيّ، أن الله (سبحانه وتعالى) أوجب مقدارًا من المادة أو الطاقة ليتدفق من منطقة غنية ما إلى منطقة فقيرة أخرى. وفيما يتعلق باستخدام دورة الماء باعتبارها مثالًا لاستشعار قوانين العلم الإلهيّ، فيكمن الغرض الإلهي من المحيطات في استخدام الطاقة الشمسية من أجل توليد تدفق محدد بعينه من بخار الماء قد قدَّره الله (سبحانه وتعالى) تقديرًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة للسماء الجافة فوق البحار والمحيطات. وحينها يصبح الواجب الإلهي للسماء التي تظلل البحار والمحيطات هو الاستعانة بقوة الرياح من أجل تقديم قسط محدد بعينه من ذلك التدفق للماء، والّذي حدده الله (سبحانه وتعالى) مسبقًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة للسماء الجافة فوق اليابسة. وأخيرًا، يتمثل الغرض الإلهي من السماء التي تظلل اليابسة في استخدام جاذبية الأرض من أجل تقديم جزء من الماء في صورة أمطار أو ثلوج قد قدره الله (سبحانه وتعالى) تقديرًا، ليكون بمثابة صدقة إلى الأرض الجافة.
نجاح أساليب التدريس التي اتبعها النبي محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) في التعليم ال...Zin Eddine Dadach
يكمن الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الورقة البحثية في إثبات أن أساليب التدريس التي اتبعها النبي محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) هي بمثابة أدوات ناجحة للتعليم الهندسي، فكما استعان النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) بأساليب التدريس هذه لإيصال رسالته الإلهية بنجاح، فإن استعراض المؤلفات يسلط الضوء على استخدام أسلوب القياس والتعلم النشط الذي له تأثير إيجابي في كل من الأداء وتحفيز الطلاب على التعلم. فضلًا عن ذلك، فإن إستراتيجيات التدريس تجعل الطلاب ينخرطون في التفكير ويشاركون بقوة في عملية التعلم. ومن هذا المنظور، يتضح نجاح استخدام منهجية التدريس لمعلمنا الحبيب (صلى الله عليه وسلم) من خلال الحقيقة القائلة بأن أداء ثمانية وثلاثين طالبًا بنسبة (69%) كان أعلى في الحلقة الدراسية لمادة التحكم في العمليات من متوسط الأداء في القسم. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تظهر النتائج أيضًا أن المنهجية المركبة؛ التي تتضمن أسلوب القياس والتعلم النشط، زادت من الحافز الذاتي لاثنين وعشرين طالبًا بنسبة (40%).
وبالنسبة إلى البعض الآخر، قد ينطوي هذا النشاط على تقديم المساعدة للأشخاص، أو رعاية الحيوانات أو النباتات، وهو الأمر الذي يتعلق بطريقة أو أخرى بحالة الروح الّتي تم تقديمها في ثنايا هذا الكتاب وعنوانه "الطّريق الأبديّ للصّدقات". والواقع أنه خلال إجراء أي نشاط قائم على الصدقات، ستنعم بشيء من السكينة في قلبك، وأحيانًا قد تغمر دموع الفرح روحك ابتهاجًا؛ ما يعني أنك سلكتَ سبيل السعادة عندما وضعتَ مسار حياتك على الطّريق الأبديّ للصّدقات. ومن الجدير بالذكر في هذا المقام أن الغرض من خلق الإنسان وسائر المخلوقات هو عبادة الله وحده، ومن ثَمَّ فإن مساعدة الآخرين ترتقي إلى أسمى العبادات
If you ever have been fully engaged in any social or professional activity, you might have been experiencing a mental state that psychologists define as flow. You are completely involved and you feel enjoyment in the process of the activity. Some might experience this pleasure while engaging in a sport and others might have such an experience while engaged in an activity such as painting, reading, or fishing. For some, this activity involves helping people, animals or plants in one way or another, which relates to the state of the soul introduced in this book called The Eternal Path of Charity. Indeed, during any charity-based activity, you will feel some kind of tranquility in your heart and sometimes, you will even experience tears of inner joy. This means that you are putting the path of your life in the pleasant Eternal Path of Charity. It is should be noted that the purpose of life for human beings and all creatures is to worship Allah (SWT) alone and helping others are the highest acts of worship.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
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Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
2. Introduction
Energy = Quantity + Quality
Issues about energy balance
Advantages of exergy analysis
Comparing energy and exergy flows in power
plants
Equations for exergy destructions in OCGT
Recommendations
3. Exergy analysis is a useful
concept for ecology and
sustainability because it can
used as a common measure of
resource quality along with
quantity.
4. Quantity (1st law: Energy is conserved)
Quality (2nd law: Exergy is destroyed).
The exergy of an energy form or a
substance is a measure of its
usefulness or work potential
Work has higher energy quality than heat. 1 kJ of
electricity is fully useful but not 1 kJ of heat.
5. Plant efficiency management in the first instance is
concerned with thermal efficiency. Ultimately a plant
wants to produce as much output for the least
expenditure of fuel.
When plant efficiency deteriorates, the challenge is first
to locate the cause and then cost the value of repairs.
Energy balance is not useful because the real plant
inefficiencies are not related to energy loss but to exergy
destruction.
6. Determining the exergy destruction of each
equipment of the plant.
By analyzing the exergy destroyed by each
component in a process, we can see where
we should be focusing our efforts to improve
system efficiency.
7. Exergy of an energy stream can be lost to the
surroundings (flue gas, cooling water and heat
loss),
However, the primary contributors to exergy
destruction are irreversibilities associated with
chemical reaction, heat transfer, mixing, and
friction
No exergy destruction during a reversible process.
Reversible work is then the maximum amount of
useful work output
8. The initial and final energy and exergy
are similar
Large amount of heat but small amount
of exergy leave the process . Exergy
destruction is due mainly to
irreversibilities in the process ( exergy
flow very narrow).
Furnace losses represent small
percentage of the total energy
conversion. From the exergy diagram that
something drastic happens
(Irreversibilities due to combustion).
Energy flows, the losses are heaviest in
the condenser. However, very low
temperature has a very low quality
Energy and exergy loss similar in the
turbine. Exergy destruction due to energy
loss through the boundaries
9. Irreversibilities (chemical reaction, heat transfer,
mixing, and friction ) are invisible in energy
balance.
Irreversibilities destroy the quality and then the
economic value of energy flows. Therefore
increasing their environmental impact.
Exergy analysis distinguish between the exergy
destroyed by irreversibilities and those lost
through the boundaries of the system.
10. Furnace has the highest exergy destruction .
It is critical to use a fuel that meets the
original specifications for optimum
combustion.
Continuous measurement of both O2 and CO
leaving the combustor provides also
information needed for effective combustion
for significant benefits in energy savings
11.
12. 1) Fuel composition, flow rate and (P,T)
2) Air composition (including humidity), flow rate and (P, T).
3) Air to fuel ratio or excess air
4) Flow, P,T of air leaving compressor
5) Power input to the compressor
6) Power generated by the turbine
7) P,T, composition, flow of flue gas before and after
turbine
13. Exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of
the power plant and its components are
found by solving the three balance
equations applied at any control volume, in
other words, at any component of the plant:
Mass balance: Σmin =Σmout
Energy balance: Σmout.hout −Σmin .hin =Qnet,in −Wnet,out
Exergy balance: Σmin.exin −Σmout .exout - W +Σ Q (1- T0/T) = (EX)destroyed
14. Exergy of streams is evaluated with respect
to a reference environment (i.e. dead state).
for a component of a stream at rest: ek=ep=0
(ex)t= (ex)tm + (ex)ch
= (h-h0 ) –T0 (s-s0)- RT0 ln (x)0
In our study, the atmospheric pressure, annual average
temperature and relative humidity in Abu Dhabi will be
selected as the parameters of the “dead state”
16. Work from a gas turbine can be defined as the product of
mass flow, heat energy in the combusted gas (Cp), and
temperature differential across the turbine
WT= mfg. Cp,fg. (T3-T4)
The mass flow of flue gas is the sum of compressor
airflow and fuel flow.
The heat energy of the flue gas is a function of the
elements in the fuel and the products of combustion.
17. Energy output and efficiency of gas turbine
vary according to operating conditions.
The main parameters to be considered are:
Ambient temperature,
Compressor pressure ratios
Fuel temperature
Turbine inlet temperature
Air to fuel ratio
.
18. With the exergy analysis of power plants , we can
detect causes to irreversibilities:
Recoverable loss which can be rectified by water
washing or, more thoroughly, by mechanically
cleaning the compressor blades and vanes after
opening the unit.
Non-recoverable loss. Because this loss is caused by
reduction in component efficiencies, replacement of
affected parts are recommended during inspection
intervals.
19. In Abu Dhabi, Ambient temperature is much
higher than design value of 150C.
Plant energetic and exergetic efficiencies could
increase by 20% and 12% by decreasing air
temperature by 10oC.
Wet air compression technology increases power,
reduces NOx emissions, and improves heat rate
and is not ambient temperature dependent.
20. If the fuel consists only of hydrocarbons
with no inert gases and no oxygen atoms,
work output increases as LHV increases
Heating fuel will result in higher turbine
efficiency due to the reduced fuel flow
required to raise the total gas temperature
to firing temperature.
But reducing fuel flow will have slight
decrease in turbine output.
21. Energy and Exergy efficiencies increase to
maximum value as compressor pressure
ratio (rp) increases.
However, increasing the compressor
pressure ratio has less improvement when
it is over 12.5.
Maximum Compressor pressure ratio
should be estimated.
22. Higher temperature at the exit of
the combustor increases the
output of the power plant.
The constraint is the
metallurgical thermal limitations
of the turbine.
23. Minimize the use of excess air by appropriate
process control system but continuous
measurement of both O2 and CO leaving the
combustor provides also information needed for
effective combustion for significant benefits in
energy savings.
Results indicate that the thermal efficiency of a
gas turbine will increase by about 2.4% when the
air to fuel ratio decreases from 50 to 30.