Environmental impact of power plants

EFFECT OF SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS ON THE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF A POWER PLANT IN
THE UAE
Students: Mohamed Mohamed Alhammadi& Mubarak Haji
Alblooshi
Advisor: Zin Eddine Dadach
Collaboration: Dr. Fontina Petrakopoulou (University

CONTENT
I. POWER GENERATION PLANTS & GLOBAL WARMING
II. WHY EXERGY ANALYSIS FOR POWER PLANTS?
III. EXERGY DESTRUCTION & ENVIRONMENT
IV. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
V. RESULTS OF EXERGY ANALYSIS:
A) EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE POWER PLANT
B) EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON EACH EQUIPMENT
C) DETECTING TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
VI. RESULTS OF EXERGOENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BASED ON LIFE CYCLE
ASSESSMENT:
A) EFFECTS OF EACH EQUIPMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
B) DETECTING SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
C) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT PER KWH OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCED
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS
WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER
17-18, 2018

WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER 17-18, 2018
80% OF POWER GENERATION PLANTS USE FUEL
COMBUSTION AND ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ABOUT
30% OF GLOBAL CO2 EMMISSIONS

CO2 not strong greenhouse gas but absorbs energy in wavelengths (8-
15 μ-meters) partially closing the “water vapor window”
Less heat escapes into space
Closing water window

EXCESS COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS IS
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HIGH CONCENTRATION OF
CO2 IN ATMOSPHERE
17-18, 2018
This is expected to have a
catastrophic
effect on human health and the planet
WE REACHED 410 PPM (2018)

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
1971 2002 2030
IMMEDIATE ACTIONS ARE NEEDED
TO CUT CO2 EMISSIONS
AS ENERGY DEMAND CONTINUES TO RISE
WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER 17-
18, 2018
Transport
Power
Industry
Others
Power plants
SWITCH TO
Increase

 IN COMPARISON WITH THE IDEAL BRAYTON CYCLE: DUE TO
IRREVERSIBILITIES:
 (1-2) Compressor consumes more work
 (3-4) Turbine produces less work
 (2-3) Pressure drop in the combustor.
REDUCE INEFFICIENCIES IN POWER PLANTS TO
INCREASE THEIR EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE CO2
EMISSIONS :
INEFFICIENCIES CAUSED BY IRREVERSIBILITIES IN THE PROCESS
OCGT

Energy has a Quantity and a Quality (Exergy).
Exergy is a measure of usefulness of the energy.
 Work has higher exergy than heat:
 For example: 1 kJ of electricity is fully useful but not
1 kJ of heat.
 Energy is conserved (1st law) but not exergy (2nd
law). Exergy destruction caused by irreversibilities
in the process.
 Exergy destructions are additive
2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Industrial Engineering November 16-18, 2015 Dubai (UAE)

Focus on the equipment which has the highest
exergy destruction because it has the highest
potential to increase efficiency of the plant.
Exergy analysis (2nd law) is ideally suited to locate technical
problems because irreversibilities are detected as exergy
destructions.

17-18, 2018
WHY EXERGY ANALYSIS IS
IMPORTANT FOR THE
ENVIRONMENT ?
EXERGY DESTROYED IN THE PLANT IS
THE PART OF EXERGY OF THE FUEL
TO BECOME CO2 EMISSIONS
INCREASING EXERGY EFFICIENCY
REDUCES ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT

17-18, 2018
HOW TO MEASURE THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT OF POWER PLANTS ?: LIFE CYCLE
ASSESSMENT

Founded in 1988 by Federal Decree, the Higher Colleges of
Technology (HCT) has 17 campuses throughout the United Arab
Emirates. It is the largest higher education institution in the UAE.

Active Learning
Strategies:
Industrial projects, lab
experiments, work
placement,…

Mohamed AlHammadi
Mubarak Haji
Alblooshi
PRESENTATION OF INDUSTRIAL PROJECT
BASED ON WORK PLACEMENT
STUDY THE EFFECTS OF SUMMER WEATHER
CONDITIONS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT OF A POWER PLANT IN ABU DHABI

17-18, 2018
POWER PLANT UNDER INVESTIGATION
OCGT (Open Cycle Gas Turbine)
NET-OUTPUT:160 M
0.3 Mt./y
Natural Gas
72 Burners
21 stages 5 stages
CO2

I. POWER PLANTS IN THE UAE ( AND GLOBALLY) RELEASE
ABOUT 30% OF THE TOTAL CO2 EMISSIONS.
LARGEST CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL WARMING
II. DESIGN CONDITIONS (T=150C , RH=60%) OF THE POWER
PLANT (EUROPE WEATHER CONDITIONS) ARE VERY
DIFFERENT FROM SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS (T=430C,
RH=50%) IN ABU DHABI (UAE)
EXPECT EXTRA CO2 EMISSIONS DURING SUMMER
SEASON
17-18, 2018
TWO MAIN REASONS FOR THIS
INDUSTRIAL PROJECT

INVESTIGATION OF EFFECTS OF SUMMER
WEATHER CONDITIONS ON THREE PERFORMANCE
INDICES OF THE POWER PLANT
FIRST INDEX: EXERGY DESTRUCTION RATIO
SECOND INDEX: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
DIFFERENCE FOR EACH EQUIPMENT
THIRD INDEX: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT BY
KWH OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCED BY POWER
PLANT
WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS &
PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI
(UAE)-DECEMBER 17-18, 2018

FIRST: SPECIFIC EXERGY OF EACH
STREAM
For each component of a stream: (ex)T= (ex)TM +
(ex)CH
TM: Thermo-mechanical part: difference in (p,T) between stream and
dead state
CH: Chemical part: difference in composition between stream dead state
Total specific exergy of the streams 1,2,3,4 and fuel are
calculated:
𝑒T = ℎ − ℎ0 − T0 (𝑠 − 𝑠0) + 𝑥𝑘 . 𝑒𝑐ℎ
𝑘
+ R. T. 𝑥𝑘 . 𝑙𝑛(𝑥𝑘)
WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER 17-18,
2018

EXERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER PLANT
 ηEX,2=
WNET,OUT
M(T)FUEL .EXFUEL
 Compressor:
(ex)D,K= WK - ma .(ex2-ex1)
 Combustor:
(ex)D,C= ma.ex2 +mf.(ex)f – mfg. ex3
 Gas turbine:
(ex)D,T = mfg. (ex4-ex3) – WT
SECOND: EXERGY DESTRUCTION FOR EACH
EQUIPMENT AND EXERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE
POWER PLANT

DATA COLLECTED FROM THE PLANT
(BY STUDENTS DURING WORK
PLACEMENT)
1) FUEL COMPOSITION, FLOW RATE AND (P,T)
2) AIR COMPOSITION, FLOW RATE AND (P, T).
3) FLOW, P,T OF AIR LEAVING COMPRESSOR
4) POWER GENERATED BY THE TURBINE
5) P,T, COMPOSITION, FLOW OF FLUE GAS BEFORE
AND AFTER TURBINE
17-18, 2018
EXERGY ANALYSIS FOR SUMMER
WEATHER CONDITIONS (T= 430C
AND RH= 50% )

• SOAVE-REDLICH-KWONG (SRK) EQUATION OF STATE.
• TO FIT THE EXIT TEMPERATURE OF THE
COMPRESSOR, THE ISENTROPIC EFFICIENCY OF THE
COMPRESSOR WAS ESTIMATED EQUAL TO 0.8.
• TO FIT THE EXIT TEMPERATURE OF THE TURBINE, THE
TURBINE ISENTROPIC EFFICIENCY WAS ESTIMATED
EQUAL TO 0.88.
• ASSUMPTIONS: MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE
TURBINE AND COMPRESSOR EQUAL TO 0.98 AND THE
GENERATOR EFFICIENCY EQUAL TO 0.99.
18, 2018
EXERGY ANALYSIS FOR DESIGN CONDITIONS
(T=150C, RH=60%): SIMULATED BY ASPEN
HYSYS

Temperature increases exergy destruction in the combustor and
compressor but decreases exergy destruction in the turbine.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON EXERGY
DESTRUCTIONS (ASPEN HYSYS)

Temperature decreases exergy efficiency of the combustor and
increases exergy efficiency of the turbine. Small negative effects
on the compressor.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON EXERGY
EFFICIENCY OF EACH EQUIPMENT
(ASPEN HYSYS)

Temperature decreases the net power output of the power plant.
NWO ==W(T)- W(K)
160 MW (DESIGN CONDITIONS)
& DECREASING BY 0.2 MW /0C
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON POWER PLANT
NET POWER OUTPUT (ASPEN HYSYS)

Temperature decreases exergy efficiency of the plant.
(𝐸𝐸)𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 1 −
ED𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙+EL,total
EF,total
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON POWER PLANT
EXERGY EFFICIENCY (ASPEN HYSYS)
EE= 34.6% , LOSING 0.05% /0C

PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-
DECEMBER 17-18, 2018
The net output of the power plant under design
conditions is 160 MW. Simulation results
indicate that the net power produced at design
conditions is 163 MW.
The relative shift is 1.9%. This result presents a
validation of the simulation.

FIRST PERFORMANCE INDEX:
EXERGY DESTRUCTION RATIO
(𝑦𝐷,𝑘)
PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI
(UAE)-DECEMBER 17-18, 2018
Percentage of the total exergy of the fuel destroyed within
each equipment.
𝑦𝐷,𝑘= 100
(𝐸𝐷)𝑘
𝐸𝐹,𝑘

RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS : EXERGY DESTRUCTION
RATIO (YD)
EXERGY ANALYSIS FOR SUMMER WEATHER
CONDITIONS
17-18, 2018
Equipment
k
𝐸𝐷,𝑘
(MW)
𝐸𝐷,𝑘 (%) 𝐸𝐹,𝑘
(MW)
𝐸𝑃,𝑘
(𝑀𝑊)
yD,k
(%)
EEk
(%)
Compresso
r
17.44 13.55 208.80 190.84 3.73 91.60
Combustor 98.15 76.28 657.81 559.64 21.0 85.10
Turbine 13.08 10.17 393.08 380.0 2.80 96.60
OCGT 128.67 100.00 466.97 160.40 26.53 33.10
Equipment
k
𝐸𝐷,𝑘
(MW)
𝐸𝐷,𝑘 (%) 𝐸𝐹,𝑘 (MW) 𝐸𝑃,𝑘 (𝑀𝑊) yD,k EEk (%)
Compresso
r
14.94 11.90 183.80 166.35 3.20 92.00
Combustor 80.92 64.70 633.30 551.10 17.33 87.40
Turbine 29.12 23.30 391.92 362.8 6.24 92.60
OCGT 125.0 100.00 466.97 168.6 26.77 34.60
SIMULATION RESULTS FOR DESIGN CONDITIONS

LOCATING TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
USING EXERGY DESTRUCTION OF THE
FUEL (YD) COMBUSTOR:
 MAIN CONTRIBUTOR TO THE EXERGY
DESTRUCTION OF THE FUEL (YD= 17.33%) FOR
DESIGN CONDITIONS.
 SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS INCREASE IT BY
21.2 % FROM 17.33% TO 21.0%,
 TURBINE:
 SECOND CONTRIBUTOR TO EXERGY
DESTRUCTION OF THE FUEL (YD= 6.24%) FOR
DESIGN CONDITIONS
 DUE TO IMPORTANT POSITIVE EFFECTS OF
HIGHER TEMPERATURES ON THE WORK
PRODUCED BY TURBINE. THE SUMMER
WEATHER CONDITIONS DECREASE IT BY 55%,
FROM 6.24% TO 2.8%.
 COMPRESSOR
 LEAST CONTRIBUTOR TO THE EXERGY
DESTRUCTION OF THE FUEL (YD =3.2%) FOR
17-18, 2018

WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER 17-18,
2018
3.2
17.33
6.24
3.73
21
2.8
0
10
20
Compressor Combustor Turbine
Exergy
Destruction
Ratio
(yD)
(%)
Design Summer
EXERGY DESTROYED IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CO2 EMISSIONS AND GLOBAL
WARMING
21.2%
-55%
16.5%



PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-
DECEMBER 17-18, 2018

17-18, 2018
BASED ON LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: ECOLOGICAL
INDICATORS DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF POWER PLANTS ON
ENVIRONMENT IN SIMPLER TERMS FOR MANAGEMENT
DECISIONS.

SELECTED VALUES FOR THE ECO-INDICATOR 99 FOR
CO2 AND DEPLETION OF FOSSIL FUEL
• GLOBAL WARMING (KG CO2-EQ.)/KWH):
𝑏𝐶𝑂2
𝑃𝐹
=5.454 MPTS/KG.
• DEPLETION OF FOSSIL FUEL:
𝑏𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 = 3.5 MPTS/MJ
• REFERENCE:
PETRAKOPOULOU F., TSATSARONIS G., MOROSUK T., 2012. “ADVANCED
EXERGOENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF A NEAR-ZERO EMISSION POWER
PLANT WITH CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION”, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY 46, PP. 3001-3007.
17-18, 2018

STREAM-LEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
Equipmen
t
Environmental impact balance Auxiliary
equation
s
Compress
or
𝑏2. 𝐸2 = 𝑏1. 𝐸1 + 𝑏𝐾. 𝑊𝐾 𝑏1 =0
( fresh
air)
Combusto
r
𝑏3. 𝐸3
= 𝑏2. 𝐸2 + 𝑏𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙. 𝐸𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 + 𝐵CO2
𝑃𝐹
𝑏𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 and
𝑏𝐶𝑂2
𝑃𝐹
[literatur
e]
Turbine 𝑏4. 𝐸4 + 𝑏𝑇𝐵. 𝑊𝑇𝐵 = 𝑏3. 𝐸3 𝑏4 = 𝑏3
𝑏𝐾 = 𝑏𝑇𝐵
17-18, 2018

VALUES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
OF EACH STREAM
Summer conditions Standard conditions
Stream 𝑏𝑗
(mPts/MJ)
𝐵𝑗 (mPts/s) 𝑏𝑗
(mPts/MJ
)
𝐵𝑗 (mPts/s)
WK 5.32 1110.60 5.42 992.50
WT 5.32 2021.60 5.42 1959.10
1 0 0 0 0
2 5.82 1110.60 5.97 993.10
Fuel 3.50 1634.40 3.50 1634.40
3 5.14 2879.00 5.01 2761.00
4 5.14 856.10 5.01 797.50
17-18, 2018

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF EACH
EQUIPMENT
Equipmen
t
Environmental
impact rate of fuel
𝐵𝐹,𝑘 (mPts/s)
Environmental
impact of product
𝐵𝑃.𝑘(mPts/s)
Compress
or
𝑏𝐾. 𝑊𝐾 𝑏2. 𝐸2 − 𝑏1. 𝐸1
Combusto
r
𝑏2. 𝐸2 + 𝑏𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙. 𝐸𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
+ 𝐵𝐶𝐶
𝑃𝐹
𝑏3. 𝐸3
Turbine 𝑏3. 𝐸3 − 𝑏4. 𝐸4 𝑏𝑇𝐵. 𝑊𝑇𝐵

SECOND PERFORMANCE INDEX:
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
DIFFERENCE (𝑟𝑏,𝑘)
 Environmental impact related to pollutant : CO2 emissions :
𝐵𝐶𝐶
𝑃𝐹
= 𝑏𝐶𝑂2
𝑃𝐹
. (𝑚𝐶𝑂2,𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝑚𝐶𝑂2,𝑖𝑛)
 Environmental impact related to exergy destruction in each equipment:
 𝐵𝐷,𝑘 = 𝑏𝐹,𝑘 . 𝐸𝐷𝑘
 Environmental impact related to exergy lost by the exhaust gas:
𝐵𝐿,𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑏4. 𝐸4
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DIFFERENCE
 𝑟𝑏,𝑘 =
𝐸𝐷,𝑘
𝐸𝑝,𝑘
Higher values means higher impact on the environment

Equipment 𝑏𝐹,𝑘
(mPts/MJ)
𝑏𝑃,𝑘
(mPts/MJ)
𝐵𝐷,𝑘
(mPts/s
)
𝐵𝐿
(mPts/s
)
𝐵𝑘
𝑃𝐹
(mPts/s
)
𝐵𝐷,𝑘 + 𝐵𝑘
𝑃𝐹
+ 𝐵𝐿
(mPts/s)
𝑟𝑏,𝑘
(%)
Compressor 5.32 5.82 92.78 0 0 92.78 9.4
Combustor 4.38 5.14 429.90 0 133.97 563.27 17.4
Turbine 5.14 5.32 67.36 0 0 67.36 3.5
OCGT 3.50 16.40 450.34 856.10 133.97 1440.40 367.00
18, 2018
Equipment 𝑏𝐹,𝑘
(mPts/MJ
)
𝑏𝑃,𝑘
(mPts/MJ)
𝐵𝐷,𝑘
(mPts/s
)
𝐵𝐿
(mPts/
s)
𝐵𝑘
𝑃𝐹
(mPts/
s)
𝐵𝐷,𝑘 + 𝐵𝑘
𝑃𝐹
+ 𝐵𝐿
(mPts/s)
𝑟𝑏,𝑘
(%)
Compressor 5.42 5.97 80.97 0 0 80.97 10.1
Combustor 4.37 5.00 353.60 0 133.9
7
487.60 14.4
Turbine 5.00 5.42 145.60 0 0 145.60 8.4
OCGT 3.50 15.20 437.50 818.00 133.9
7
1389.50 335.00
EXERGOENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS FOR STANDARD
CONDITIONS
EXERGOENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS FOR SUMMER
CONDITIONS
RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS

LOCATING SOURCES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE
PLANT USING VALUES OF (rB,K )
 COMBUSTOR
 HIGHEST CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE FINAL PRODUCT (rB
=14.4%), WHILE
 SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS INCREASE THIS
CONTRIBUTION BY 20.8%.
 COMPRESSOR:
 SECOND HIGHEST CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOTAL
=10.1%).
 UNLIKE THE COMBUSTOR, THE DATA INDICATE THAT
SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS DECREASE THIS
CONTRIBUTION BY 7.4%.
 TURBINE:
 LOWEST CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOTAL
=8.4%), WHILE
 SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS DECREASE THIS
17-18, 2018

17-18, 2018
+20.8%
-58.3%
-7.4%

𝐸𝐼𝐸𝑇 =
(𝑏𝐹,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝐸𝐹,𝑡𝑜𝑡+𝑌𝑡𝑜𝑡+𝐵𝑡𝑜𝑡
𝑃𝐹
+𝐵𝐿,𝑡𝑜𝑡 )
𝐸𝑃,𝑡𝑜𝑡
𝑏𝐹,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝐸𝐹,𝑡𝑜𝑡 : Environmental impact of depletion of the fuel
𝐵𝑡𝑜𝑡
𝑃𝐹
= 𝑏𝐶𝑂2
𝑃𝐹
. (𝑚𝐶𝑂2,𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝑚𝐶𝑂2,𝑖𝑛) : environmental impact Of CO2
+𝐵𝐿,𝑡𝑜𝑡 : environmental impact of exhaust gas (lost exergy)
𝑌𝑡𝑜𝑡 : environmental impact of the power plant (neglected)

SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS (T= 430C AND RH= 50%):
40.3 MPTS/KWH (EXERGY DESTRUCTION ONLY)
59.0 MPTS/KWH ( 46% MORE WITH EXERGY LOSS)
STANDARD WEATHER CONDITIONS (T=150C, RH=60%):
37.8 MPTS/KWH (EXERGY DESTRUCTION ONLY)
54.7 MPTS/KWH ( 45% MORE WITH EXERGY LOSS):
SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS INCREASED THE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT BY KWH PRODUCED BY THE
POWER PLANT BY: 6.6 % EXERGY (DESTRUCTION ONLY)
& 7.9% (INCLUDING EXERGY LOSS)
17-18, 2018
VALUES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT BY KWH OF ELECTRICITY
PRODUCED (EIE)

17-18, 2018
+6.6%
+7.9%
EFFECTS OF SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY
PRODUCED (ED: EXERGY DESTRUCTION, EL: EXERGY
LOSS)

EXCESSIVE USE OF FUEL COMBUSTION
1st RECOMMENDATION: ENERGY CONSERVATION
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION BEFORE PROFITS

• RECOVERABLE LOSS WHICH CAN BE RECTIFIED PERIODICALLY BY
WATER WASHING OR, MORE THOROUGHLY, BY MECHANICALLY
CLEANING THE COMPRESSOR & TURBINE BLADES AND VANES AFTER
OPENING THE UNIT.
• NON-RECOVERABLE LOSS: THIS LOSS IS CAUSED BY REDUCTION IN
COMPONENT EFFICIENCIES, REPLACEMENT OF AFFECTED PARTS ARE
WORLD CONGRESS ON OIL , GAS & PETROLEUM REFINERY- ABU DHABI (UAE)-DECEMBER 1
TECHNICAL RECOMMENDATIONS

I. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT BY KWH OF
ELECTRICITY : 32% DUE TO EXERGY LOSS:
FIND A WAY TO USE HEAT OF FLUE GAS
II. FURNACE HAS LARGEST ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT: REDUCE EXERGY DESTRUCTION IN
COMBUSTOR
III. SUMMER CONDITIONS INCREASE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE POWER PLANT BY
7.9% :
17-18, 2018
RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON THE
EXERGOENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

I. USING HEAT OF EXHAUST GAS LEAVING THE GAS
TURBINE
POWER PLANT UNDER INVESTIGATION IS AN OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE AND THE
TEMPERATURE OF THE EXHAUST GAS IS AROUND 886 K. A HEAT RECOVERY
STEAM GENERATOR (HRSG) COULD BE ADDED TO PRODUCE EXTRA POWER WITH
A STEAM TURBINE.
17-18, 2018
 REFERENCE : COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANTS IN EUROPE = 27 MPTS/KWH.
 OUR VALUES FOR DESIGN CONDITIONS ARE RESPECTIVELY:
 37.8 MPTS/KWH (EXERGY DESTRUCTION ONLY):+40%
 54.7 MPTS/KWH (WITH EXERGY LOSS): +103%

II. FUEL SPECIFICATIONS AND
EFFICIENCY OF COMBUSTION
A NUMBER OF FACTORS INCLUDING AUTO-IGNITION, FLAME
TEMPERATURE, EMISSIONS AND STABILITY DEPEND ON FUEL
SPECIFICATIONS.
IT IS CRITICAL TO SUCCESSFULLY OBTAINING A FUEL STREAM
THAT MEETS THE ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER (OEM)
SPECIFICATIONS.
17-18, 2018

II. PROCESS CONTROL STRATEGY FOR
BETTER COMBUSTION AND MINIMUM
EXCESS AIR
• REPLACING THE FEEDFORWARD CONTROL (RATIO CONTROL) BY A
FEEDBACK CONTROL WITH CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF BOTH O2
AND CO LEAVING THE COMBUSTOR COULD PROVIDES THE NEEDED
INFORMATION FOR EFFECTIVE COMBUSTION FOR SIGNIFICANT ENERGY
SAVINGS & MINIMIZING EXCESS AIR.
17-18, 2018

III. COOLING AMBIENT AIR
COMPARED TO DESIGN CONDITIONS, SUMMER WEATHER CONDITIONS
INCREASE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE POWER PLANT BY 7.9% .
A THERMO-ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION STUDY IS NEEDED IN ORDER TO
SELECT BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT COOLING SYSTEMS IN ORDER TO
DECREASE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE HIGH TEMPERATURES OF THE
SUMMER IN ABU DHABI (UAE) : EXAMPLE : COOLING BY EVAPORATION
18, 2018

THANK YOU
17-18, 2018

Environmental impact of power plants

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