Evolution in ecosystems
•Download as PPT, PDF•
2 likes•3,701 views
The document discusses key concepts of evolution in ecosystems including natural selection, adaptations, evolution, coevolution, artificial selection, and evolution of resistance. It explains that Darwin proposed natural selection where traits that help individuals survive and reproduce are passed on, leading populations to evolve over generations in response to their environment or interactions with other species through processes like coevolution. The document also notes that humans can influence evolution through artificial selection of domesticated plants and animals or cause unwanted evolution of resistance in pests when using pesticides.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Charles Darwin ,[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
biodiversity indices ppt.pptx
Biodiversity indices provide mathematical measures of diversity in communities. They quantify species richness, evenness, dominance, and incorporate both the number of species and their abundances. Common indices include Simpson's index, Shannon-Wiener index, and Evenness index. They are used to measure diversity at different spatial scales like alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. The Index of Biotic Integrity also synthesizes biological data to evaluate biological condition and integrity of aquatic ecosystems based on fish communities and metrics.
Population Ecology Notes
This document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including the five characteristics of a population: geographic distribution, density, dispersion, growth rate, and age structure. It provides examples and explanations of each characteristic. Geographic distribution describes the area inhabited by a population. Density is the number of individuals per unit area. Dispersion describes the spatial distribution of individuals as either clumped, even, or random. Growth rate measures changes in population size over time. Age structure diagrams show population breakdown by age and sex.
Community Ecology
The document summarizes key concepts in community ecology:
1. Community structure is described by physical appearance, species diversity, and niche structure.
2. Species diversity is influenced by factors like latitude and pollution.
3. The number of species on an island is determined by immigration and extinction rates, island size, and distance from mainland.
4. Species play roles like native, non-native, indicator, keystone, and foundation species that impact community ecology.
Ecosystems and Evolution
No, the evolution of thicker fur in rabbits in response to a colder climate is an example of natural selection, not coevolution. Coevolution requires adaptations occurring in two or more species that interact and evolve in response to each other over a long period of time. The rabbits evolving on their own in response to the abiotic environment is a case of natural selection.
Food chain and food web
Food chain and Food Web
Food chain and food web in ecosystem
Food chain
Types of food chains
1. Grazing food chain
2. Detritus food chain
Food web
Significance of food chain and food web
Population Ecology
This document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including population size, density, distribution, growth patterns, biotic potential, carrying capacity, r-selected and K-selected species, environmental resistance, and predator-prey cycles. It provides examples and explanations of exponential and logistic growth curves, and compares characteristics of r-selected and K-selected species.
Extinction of biodiversity
The document discusses extinction and biodiversity loss. It defines extinction as occurring when the last member of a species dies. The passenger pigeon is provided as an example, with the last one dying alone in a zoo in 1914 after the species was already functionally extinct in the wild. Major causes of extinction discussed include habitat degradation and destruction from human activities like pollution, climate change, and overpopulation. Statistics are given on current extinction rates from human impacts being 1500 times the natural rate, with many species projected to be lost in the coming centuries if trends continue. The major impacts of biodiversity loss on human concerns like medicine, agriculture, ecosystem services, and moral obligations are also briefly touched on.
Introduction to Ecology PPT
Introduction to Ecology
Concept of Ecology
Branches of Ecology
Scope of Ecology
Laws of Ecology
@ Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, JKKNIU
Presented by: EFFAT, SHUMI, SHUCHE, TAMANNA, TANHA, NAYON.
PPT PDF DOCX.
Recommended
biodiversity indices ppt.pptx
Biodiversity indices provide mathematical measures of diversity in communities. They quantify species richness, evenness, dominance, and incorporate both the number of species and their abundances. Common indices include Simpson's index, Shannon-Wiener index, and Evenness index. They are used to measure diversity at different spatial scales like alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. The Index of Biotic Integrity also synthesizes biological data to evaluate biological condition and integrity of aquatic ecosystems based on fish communities and metrics.
Population Ecology Notes
This document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including the five characteristics of a population: geographic distribution, density, dispersion, growth rate, and age structure. It provides examples and explanations of each characteristic. Geographic distribution describes the area inhabited by a population. Density is the number of individuals per unit area. Dispersion describes the spatial distribution of individuals as either clumped, even, or random. Growth rate measures changes in population size over time. Age structure diagrams show population breakdown by age and sex.
Community Ecology
The document summarizes key concepts in community ecology:
1. Community structure is described by physical appearance, species diversity, and niche structure.
2. Species diversity is influenced by factors like latitude and pollution.
3. The number of species on an island is determined by immigration and extinction rates, island size, and distance from mainland.
4. Species play roles like native, non-native, indicator, keystone, and foundation species that impact community ecology.
Ecosystems and Evolution
No, the evolution of thicker fur in rabbits in response to a colder climate is an example of natural selection, not coevolution. Coevolution requires adaptations occurring in two or more species that interact and evolve in response to each other over a long period of time. The rabbits evolving on their own in response to the abiotic environment is a case of natural selection.
Food chain and food web
Food chain and Food Web
Food chain and food web in ecosystem
Food chain
Types of food chains
1. Grazing food chain
2. Detritus food chain
Food web
Significance of food chain and food web
Population Ecology
This document discusses key concepts in population ecology, including population size, density, distribution, growth patterns, biotic potential, carrying capacity, r-selected and K-selected species, environmental resistance, and predator-prey cycles. It provides examples and explanations of exponential and logistic growth curves, and compares characteristics of r-selected and K-selected species.
Extinction of biodiversity
The document discusses extinction and biodiversity loss. It defines extinction as occurring when the last member of a species dies. The passenger pigeon is provided as an example, with the last one dying alone in a zoo in 1914 after the species was already functionally extinct in the wild. Major causes of extinction discussed include habitat degradation and destruction from human activities like pollution, climate change, and overpopulation. Statistics are given on current extinction rates from human impacts being 1500 times the natural rate, with many species projected to be lost in the coming centuries if trends continue. The major impacts of biodiversity loss on human concerns like medicine, agriculture, ecosystem services, and moral obligations are also briefly touched on.
Introduction to Ecology PPT
Introduction to Ecology
Concept of Ecology
Branches of Ecology
Scope of Ecology
Laws of Ecology
@ Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, JKKNIU
Presented by: EFFAT, SHUMI, SHUCHE, TAMANNA, TANHA, NAYON.
PPT PDF DOCX.
Niche concept
Dr. Manju Bhaskar discusses the ecological niche concept. An ecological niche describes a species' functional role and position based on factors like resources, predators, habitat characteristics. G. Evelyn Hutchinson described the fundamental niche, being all conditions a species can survive in alone, and the realized niche, being conditions after interactions with other species. Niches allow populations to persist by reducing competition and filling different roles in food webs and ecosystems. Understanding niches provides insights into community composition and species responses to one another.
Introduction To Ecology
This document introduces the key concepts of ecology, including:
1) Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other.
2) Organisms are organized into levels ranging from cells to the biosphere.
3) The environment consists of biotic and abiotic factors that surround organisms.
4) All organisms are interdependent and interact through competition, predation, and nutrient recycling.
Ecology
Ecology-
Ecosystems-
Types
Structure and function of ecosystems
Biogeochemical cycles
Food chain and food web
Ecological niche
An ecological niche describes how a species interacts with and fits into its environment, including obtaining resources like food and shelter, and reproducing. A niche encompasses all biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. The fundamental niche is the full range of environmental conditions a species can tolerate without competition from other species. Species niches depend on factors like temperature, resources, and predators. Niches can overlap if species partition resources in non-competing ways, like dolphins and seals eating different types of fish.
LIMITATION TO POPULATION GROWTH
Factors affecting population growth
The two types of limiting factor: Density Independent and Density Dependent
4. chapter 2 principles of ecology
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions among organisms and their environment. There are several key levels of ecological organization, including the biosphere, ecosystems, communities, populations, and organisms. Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and webs, entering as sunlight and being lost as heat at each trophic level. Matter cycles through ecosystems as well, as nutrients are recycled from organisms to the environment and back again via processes like decomposition.
Energy flow and nutrient cycles
The document discusses energy flow through ecosystems. It explains that:
1) Solar energy is absorbed by plants and used to produce food through photosynthesis.
2) Animals obtain energy by eating plants or other animals. As they are more active, there are typically more plants than animals.
3) When organisms die, decomposers like bacteria break down their bodies and recycle the energy and nutrients.
Biological communities
A community is a complex group of individuals interacting and sharing an environment.
Communities can be characterized by their structure (the types and numbers of species present) and dynamics (how communities change over time).
Ecosystem Restoration restore ecosystem
Ecosystem restoration aims to reverse damage done to ecosystems through processes like climate change, invasive species, and degradation. It helps recover biodiversity and improve human welfare. Restoration seeks to reestablish the essential properties, functions, and structures of damaged ecosystems. There are various forms of environmental degradation that restoration addresses, including global warming, energy consumption, disturbance, and succession. Successful restoration requires carefully planning and implementing goals like species reintroduction to fully restore the original ecosystem.
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
The document discusses biodiversity from several perspectives:
- It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
- Biodiversity is the result of billions of years of evolution but is now seriously threatened by human activities like habitat loss and climate change.
- Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological, economic, and moral reasons, and countries have legal obligations to protect biodiversity.
Limiting factors
1) Limiting factors determine the maximum population size that an environment can support by restricting available resources. Common limiting factors include food, water, oxygen, temperature, light, and space.
2) Limiting factors can be density-dependent, affecting population size directly, or density-independent like natural disasters.
3) Biological factors include predation, competition, and parasitism through interaction between species, while physical factors comprise resources like nutrients, water, and temperature. Limiting factors regulate population growth and distribution.
Species diversity
Species diversity refers to the number and variety of species in a particular region or community. It is determined by factors like speciation, extinction, migration, immigration and emigration. Species diversity is influenced by species richness, which is the total number of species, and relative abundance, which refers to how common or rare each species is compared to others. Tropical rainforests have the highest levels of species diversity, with only 7% of the Earth's land but containing nearly 50% of all the world's species.
Lesson 7 Environmental carrying capacity
This is the 7th lesson of the course - Foundation of Environmental Management taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Ecological niche
Ecological niche refers to an organism's role and position in its environment, including where it finds food and shelter and what environmental conditions it requires. An organism's niche is influenced by biotic factors like availability of food and predators as well as abiotic factors like temperature, soil nutrients, and light levels. Earthworms are an example of niche construction, as they physically and chemically modify soil in a way that allows them to survive on land. Niches can be fundamental, representing all possible resources an organism could use, or realized, reflecting the niche an organism actually occupies due to competition. The competitive exclusion principle states that two species with identical niches cannot coexist long-term. Resource partitioning allows similar species to co
Species diversity
1. Species diversity refers to the number and variety of species in a given region. It takes into account both the number of species and how evenly abundant they are.
2. There are three main types of species: endemic, exotic, and cosmopolitan. Endemic species are restricted to a particular area while exotic species have been transported by humans.
3. Factors that affect species diversity include speciation, extinction, migration, habitat destruction, and the introduction of invasive species. Speciation occurs through geographic isolation or reductions in gene flow. Extinction can be caused by overharvesting, pollution, and habitat loss.
Species Extinction- Reasons and Effects?
In biology and ecology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost at this point.
Population ecology
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like population size, density, dispersion patterns, demographics, survivorship curves, and population growth. Population size is influenced by birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration. Population density is measured as the number of individuals per unit area. A population's dispersion can be random, uniform, or clumped. Demographic factors include age structure, sex ratio, and life tables. Survivorship curves illustrate survival rates at different ages. Population growth can be exponential or logistic depending on environmental limits.
Population and Community
This document defines key population and community ecology concepts. It discusses [1] what a population is, factors that affect population size, density, and distribution. [2] Population growth is influenced by natality, mortality, immigration, emigration, and environmental resistance. Carrying capacity is the maximum population size an environment can sustain. [3] Communities are formed by populations interacting in an area. Relationships like predation, competition, and symbiosis shape community structure. Producers, consumers, and decomposers fill different roles. Habitats provide resources while niches define an organism's function. Energy and nutrients flow through food chains and webs.
Population ecologyy
Population ecology is the study of how population numbers change over time and the factors influencing those changes. Key factors influencing population growth include birth and death rates, carrying capacity, and density dependence. Exponential growth leads to rapid increases at low densities while logistic growth levels off as density approaches the environment's carrying capacity due to competition for limited resources. Population regulation involves both density-dependent factors like competition, disease, and predation as well as density-independent environmental factors.
Ch. 5 population regulation part
Population regulation results from a combination of density-dependent and density-independent factors that influence birth and death rates. Density-dependent factors like food supply, predation, and disease have effects that increase with population density, while density-independent factors like weather fluctuate independently of density. Various theories propose population equilibrium driven by these factors or non-equilibrium dynamics involving metapopulations and chaos. Small habitat loss can increase extinction risk through reduced population size and genetic problems or fragmentation leaving populations vulnerable to accidents.
5. Ecology and evolution
The document discusses the IB Diploma Programme and the IB Learner Profile. The IB Learner Profile describes the attributes that IB aims to foster in students. It includes being inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers, communicators, principled, open-minded, caring, risk-takers, balanced, and reflective. The profile emphasizes developing curiosity and strong thinking skills in an international and caring context.
The evolution of life science ecosystems: Five effective innovation approache...
The life sciences industry, like many others, faces broad disruption and challenges on fronts ranging from technology to regulation to product resourcing. Traditionally, innovation has been a key driver of success for life sciences organizations, and it will continue to play a critical role for an industry that seeks to sustain this momentum.This report, the third of the Innovating Life Sciences series, identifies five strategies that differentiate the more successful academic life sciences institutions from the rest.
More Related Content
What's hot
Niche concept
Dr. Manju Bhaskar discusses the ecological niche concept. An ecological niche describes a species' functional role and position based on factors like resources, predators, habitat characteristics. G. Evelyn Hutchinson described the fundamental niche, being all conditions a species can survive in alone, and the realized niche, being conditions after interactions with other species. Niches allow populations to persist by reducing competition and filling different roles in food webs and ecosystems. Understanding niches provides insights into community composition and species responses to one another.
Introduction To Ecology
This document introduces the key concepts of ecology, including:
1) Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other.
2) Organisms are organized into levels ranging from cells to the biosphere.
3) The environment consists of biotic and abiotic factors that surround organisms.
4) All organisms are interdependent and interact through competition, predation, and nutrient recycling.
Ecology
Ecology-
Ecosystems-
Types
Structure and function of ecosystems
Biogeochemical cycles
Food chain and food web
Ecological niche
An ecological niche describes how a species interacts with and fits into its environment, including obtaining resources like food and shelter, and reproducing. A niche encompasses all biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. The fundamental niche is the full range of environmental conditions a species can tolerate without competition from other species. Species niches depend on factors like temperature, resources, and predators. Niches can overlap if species partition resources in non-competing ways, like dolphins and seals eating different types of fish.
LIMITATION TO POPULATION GROWTH
Factors affecting population growth
The two types of limiting factor: Density Independent and Density Dependent
4. chapter 2 principles of ecology
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions among organisms and their environment. There are several key levels of ecological organization, including the biosphere, ecosystems, communities, populations, and organisms. Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and webs, entering as sunlight and being lost as heat at each trophic level. Matter cycles through ecosystems as well, as nutrients are recycled from organisms to the environment and back again via processes like decomposition.
Energy flow and nutrient cycles
The document discusses energy flow through ecosystems. It explains that:
1) Solar energy is absorbed by plants and used to produce food through photosynthesis.
2) Animals obtain energy by eating plants or other animals. As they are more active, there are typically more plants than animals.
3) When organisms die, decomposers like bacteria break down their bodies and recycle the energy and nutrients.
Biological communities
A community is a complex group of individuals interacting and sharing an environment.
Communities can be characterized by their structure (the types and numbers of species present) and dynamics (how communities change over time).
Ecosystem Restoration restore ecosystem
Ecosystem restoration aims to reverse damage done to ecosystems through processes like climate change, invasive species, and degradation. It helps recover biodiversity and improve human welfare. Restoration seeks to reestablish the essential properties, functions, and structures of damaged ecosystems. There are various forms of environmental degradation that restoration addresses, including global warming, energy consumption, disturbance, and succession. Successful restoration requires carefully planning and implementing goals like species reintroduction to fully restore the original ecosystem.
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
The document discusses biodiversity from several perspectives:
- It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
- Biodiversity is the result of billions of years of evolution but is now seriously threatened by human activities like habitat loss and climate change.
- Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological, economic, and moral reasons, and countries have legal obligations to protect biodiversity.
Limiting factors
1) Limiting factors determine the maximum population size that an environment can support by restricting available resources. Common limiting factors include food, water, oxygen, temperature, light, and space.
2) Limiting factors can be density-dependent, affecting population size directly, or density-independent like natural disasters.
3) Biological factors include predation, competition, and parasitism through interaction between species, while physical factors comprise resources like nutrients, water, and temperature. Limiting factors regulate population growth and distribution.
Species diversity
Species diversity refers to the number and variety of species in a particular region or community. It is determined by factors like speciation, extinction, migration, immigration and emigration. Species diversity is influenced by species richness, which is the total number of species, and relative abundance, which refers to how common or rare each species is compared to others. Tropical rainforests have the highest levels of species diversity, with only 7% of the Earth's land but containing nearly 50% of all the world's species.
Lesson 7 Environmental carrying capacity
This is the 7th lesson of the course - Foundation of Environmental Management taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Ecological niche
Ecological niche refers to an organism's role and position in its environment, including where it finds food and shelter and what environmental conditions it requires. An organism's niche is influenced by biotic factors like availability of food and predators as well as abiotic factors like temperature, soil nutrients, and light levels. Earthworms are an example of niche construction, as they physically and chemically modify soil in a way that allows them to survive on land. Niches can be fundamental, representing all possible resources an organism could use, or realized, reflecting the niche an organism actually occupies due to competition. The competitive exclusion principle states that two species with identical niches cannot coexist long-term. Resource partitioning allows similar species to co
Species diversity
1. Species diversity refers to the number and variety of species in a given region. It takes into account both the number of species and how evenly abundant they are.
2. There are three main types of species: endemic, exotic, and cosmopolitan. Endemic species are restricted to a particular area while exotic species have been transported by humans.
3. Factors that affect species diversity include speciation, extinction, migration, habitat destruction, and the introduction of invasive species. Speciation occurs through geographic isolation or reductions in gene flow. Extinction can be caused by overharvesting, pollution, and habitat loss.
Species Extinction- Reasons and Effects?
In biology and ecology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost at this point.
Population ecology
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like population size, density, dispersion patterns, demographics, survivorship curves, and population growth. Population size is influenced by birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration. Population density is measured as the number of individuals per unit area. A population's dispersion can be random, uniform, or clumped. Demographic factors include age structure, sex ratio, and life tables. Survivorship curves illustrate survival rates at different ages. Population growth can be exponential or logistic depending on environmental limits.
Population and Community
This document defines key population and community ecology concepts. It discusses [1] what a population is, factors that affect population size, density, and distribution. [2] Population growth is influenced by natality, mortality, immigration, emigration, and environmental resistance. Carrying capacity is the maximum population size an environment can sustain. [3] Communities are formed by populations interacting in an area. Relationships like predation, competition, and symbiosis shape community structure. Producers, consumers, and decomposers fill different roles. Habitats provide resources while niches define an organism's function. Energy and nutrients flow through food chains and webs.
Population ecologyy
Population ecology is the study of how population numbers change over time and the factors influencing those changes. Key factors influencing population growth include birth and death rates, carrying capacity, and density dependence. Exponential growth leads to rapid increases at low densities while logistic growth levels off as density approaches the environment's carrying capacity due to competition for limited resources. Population regulation involves both density-dependent factors like competition, disease, and predation as well as density-independent environmental factors.
Ch. 5 population regulation part
Population regulation results from a combination of density-dependent and density-independent factors that influence birth and death rates. Density-dependent factors like food supply, predation, and disease have effects that increase with population density, while density-independent factors like weather fluctuate independently of density. Various theories propose population equilibrium driven by these factors or non-equilibrium dynamics involving metapopulations and chaos. Small habitat loss can increase extinction risk through reduced population size and genetic problems or fragmentation leaving populations vulnerable to accidents.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
5. Ecology and evolution
The document discusses the IB Diploma Programme and the IB Learner Profile. The IB Learner Profile describes the attributes that IB aims to foster in students. It includes being inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers, communicators, principled, open-minded, caring, risk-takers, balanced, and reflective. The profile emphasizes developing curiosity and strong thinking skills in an international and caring context.
The evolution of life science ecosystems: Five effective innovation approache...
The life sciences industry, like many others, faces broad disruption and challenges on fronts ranging from technology to regulation to product resourcing. Traditionally, innovation has been a key driver of success for life sciences organizations, and it will continue to play a critical role for an industry that seeks to sustain this momentum.This report, the third of the Innovating Life Sciences series, identifies five strategies that differentiate the more successful academic life sciences institutions from the rest.
Topic 5: Ecology and Evolution
1. The document discusses key concepts in ecology and evolution including species identification using keys, binomial nomenclature, hierarchical classification of taxa, plant and animal classification, population changes, population growth curves, evidence and mechanisms of evolution, trophic levels and food webs, energy flow through ecosystems, nutrient recycling, and the impacts of climate change.
2. It provides information on classifying and identifying organisms, population dynamics, and ecological relationships and energy transfer between organisms and the environment.
3. The rising levels of greenhouse gases and global temperatures are also summarized, along with potential environmental and biological consequences of climate change.
Ecological succession
Ecological Succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over a period of time.
But, over a long period of time, the climate conditions of an ecosystem is bound to change.
No ecosystem has existed or will remain unchanged over a Geological Time Scale.
Ecosystems PowerPoint Presentation
The document summarizes and compares two ecosystems in Puerto Rico: Bosque Seco de Guánica and El Yunque National Forest. It describes the different forest areas within each ecosystem, including the types of trees and canopy layers. It also discusses the differences in rainfall, soil composition, and how each ecosystem has adapted. Finally, it provides details on some of the unique flora and fauna found in each forest and some environmental problems currently facing them.
Ecology and evolution
The document discusses three topics related to the documentary "Home":
1. It asks readers to explain one of the environmental problems mentioned in the documentary and propose a sustainable solution.
2. It asks readers to mention an example of sustainable development shown at the end of the documentary.
3. It asks readers to describe at least two statistical data points that are described in the documentary.
Nurturing Professional Development Ecosystems
Online teaching transcends the use of a singular tool and emerges as an ecosystem of multiple touch points for learning. A professional development ecosystem utilizes blogs, wikis, web-conferencing, and course management tools. Balanced ecosystems foster experiential learning for educators and model how educators can teach across networks and channels of communication. Find out about the architecture and assessment/evaluation of this type of professional learning and engage in an interactive conversation about balancing your own learning ecosystem.
PPF_The Galapagos Case Study
This is a sample project planning form for a pbl project in the subject of Science. The project covers most standards in ecology and evolution for a high school biology class.
Ecosystem
This document discusses ecosystems and their conservation. It begins by defining an ecosystem as an area composed of biotic and abiotic factors that includes a biological community and its physical environment. It then discusses the importance of conserving ecosystems and biodiversity, as well as some of the threats they face from human activities and natural calamities. The document provides information on different types of ecosystems like forests, deserts, grasslands, and aquatic ecosystems. It highlights the roles of ecosystems and the need for their conservation.
Environment
The document discusses several environmental issues affecting Pakistan, including air pollution. It defines air pollution as dangerous contaminants found in the atmosphere, either as gases or particles. The fundamental causes of air pollution are identified as industrialization and the widespread use of fossil fuels, population growth increasing demand for goods produced through natural resource use, and globalization allowing polluting industries to move to developing countries. The effects of air pollution are described as harmful to humans, animals, trees and the environment through entering the body primarily via the respiratory system.
Evolution and Biodiversity,Genetics,Digestive System,Ecosystem
This document contains a prayer asking for help with work, concentration, understanding, learning, and a peaceful mind, as well as remembering Jesus. It is a short prayer requesting guidance.
Teaching science through games
Play, including games and toys, is an important part of learning and development for both children and adults. While toys are often associated with children's play, games can be enjoyed by both children and adults. Play helps develop important skills like problem-solving, hand-eye coordination, and stress relief. Introducing science and technology concepts through games and play can spark children's interest in continuing to learn through out-of-school programs. Using toys and games of increasing difficulty in a progressive way can support learning new topics and integrating different areas of study.
NITLE Shared Academics - Gamification: Theory and Applications in the Liberal...
This document discusses using gamification in liberal arts education. It notes that learning through play is not new and that games can be used to teach complex concepts through simulation and role-playing. The author has successfully used games like Civilization and World of Warcraft in economics courses to help students learn at higher cognitive levels and retain information better. However, challenges to wider adoption include technological support needs and resistance from faculty concerned about control over curriculum and the impact on higher education.
Unit no.3
ICT is used extensively in science, mathematics, modeling and simulation to enhance learning. In science, ICT tools are used to collect data, do presentations and demonstrations, perform predictions, and enable interactive education. In mathematics, ICT provides benefits for effective learning through tools that give feedback, allow observing patterns and links, exploring data, and developing visualizations. Computer modeling and simulation are useful for representing systems without actually creating them, enabling predictions about the future, training without risk, and investigating systems in detail. The key difference is that modeling builds a digital representation of an object, while simulation runs a model to simulate conditions. Both provide benefits like being cost-effective, allowing repeated testing, and improving user efficiency.
Sciences Games #Glass2015
liks between science and games. Going from how we learn from games to scientific discovery games through the use of games to teach science.
Celebrating the Reality of Inclusive STEM Education: Co-Teaching in Science a...
Recently, co-teaching in science and mathematics has largely been the result of accountability. Increased numbers of students with special needs placed in general education mathematics and science classrooms challenges educators to jointly deliver instruction to all students. This session provides practical tips aimed at inclusive science and mathematics learning outcomes.
Laws of Thermodynamics in an Ecosystem
There are two laws of thermodynamics. On the other hand in our universe sun is the source of energy. Green plants are the only producer. Plants make their own food by sunlight with the help of water and carbon dioxide. Other animals get energy by consuming green plants, plant products and other animals. Hence the energy is cycle. So the ecosystem proves the two laws of thermodynamics.
Science presentation angelica_guevarabernal
This document discusses effective science teaching methods. It emphasizes developing students' scientific skills like observation, classification, hypothesis testing, and communication. Students should learn to be curious, persistent, honest, reflective, flexible, and work as part of a team. Teachers are encouraged to use project-based learning, allow student autonomy, incorporate interdisciplinary topics, and contextualize lessons. Problems should be posed by students and related to experiments. Students should critically analyze hypotheses, reflect on concepts, and communicate findings. Topics to teach include life science, earth science, and physical science concepts like cells, weather, matter, forces and motion.
Team Teaching by Zainab Ahmed
Topic = Team Teaching
presentation developer Zainab Ahmed
B.S final Year University Of Karachi(Pakistan)
Game Thinking: More than just Gamification
An approach to problem solving and solution building that includes games, serious games, gamification and more. This slideshare introduces the topic in a simple way.
Viewers also liked (20)
The evolution of life science ecosystems: Five effective innovation approache...
The evolution of life science ecosystems: Five effective innovation approache...
Evolution and Biodiversity,Genetics,Digestive System,Ecosystem
Evolution and Biodiversity,Genetics,Digestive System,Ecosystem
NITLE Shared Academics - Gamification: Theory and Applications in the Liberal...
NITLE Shared Academics - Gamification: Theory and Applications in the Liberal...
Celebrating the Reality of Inclusive STEM Education: Co-Teaching in Science a...
Celebrating the Reality of Inclusive STEM Education: Co-Teaching in Science a...
Similar to Evolution in ecosystems
Darwinism.pptx
Charles Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. He proposed that over generations, species evolve through small inherited variations that influence an individual's ability to survive and reproduce. Those individuals with traits best suited to the environment will survive and pass on those traits, leading to the emergence of new species over time. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is now widely accepted as it explains how species adapt to their environments through natural processes like the struggle for existence and survival of the fittest.
Theories Of Biological Evolution.pptx
This document discusses several theories of evolution including:
1. Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics which was later disproven.
2. Darwin's theory of natural selection, where organisms with favorable variations are more likely to survive and reproduce.
3. De Vries' mutation theory, where sudden variations occur that can be inherited.
4. The modern synthesis combining genetics, mutation, natural selection and evidence from fields like biogeography, paleontology and embryology.
Natural selection
Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection to explain evolution. Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their favorable traits. Darwin identified three factors that influence natural selection: overproduction of offspring, variation among individuals, and competition for limited resources. Those individuals possessing variations that increase their chances of survival will be selected through this process to pass on their genes over many generations.
Natural selection
Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection to explain evolution. Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on favorable traits. Darwin identified key components of natural selection: overproduction of offspring, variation among individuals, and competition for limited resources. Those individuals possessing variations that increase chances of survival will be selected through surviving and reproducing, passing on their beneficial traits. Over many generations, this process can lead to changes in a species.
Natural selection
Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection to explain evolution. Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their favorable traits. Darwin identified three factors that influence natural selection: overproduction of offspring, variation among individuals, and competition for limited resources. Those individuals possessing variations that increase their chances of survival will be selected through this process to pass on their genes over many generations.
Natural selection
Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection to explain evolution. Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their favorable traits. It involves overproduction of offspring, variation among individuals, and competition for limited resources. Those individuals possessing variations that increase chances of survival will be selected through surviving and reproducing, passing these traits to subsequent generations over long periods of time.
B10vrv5163
1) Darwin wrote up a draft of his theory of natural selection in 1842 but did not publish it for 20 years as he wanted to gather more evidence to support his ideas. 2) In 1858, Darwin decided to publish after he learned that Alfred Russel Wallace had developed a similar theory of evolution. 3) Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, introducing his theory that natural selection is the mechanism driving evolution.
human ecology report.pptx
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in ecology and evolution:
- Ecology is defined as the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment. Several historians and scientists contributed definitions of ecology over time.
- Key theories of evolution discussed include Lamarckism, Darwinism, the mutation theory of Hugo de Vries, and the modern synthetic theory. Evidence for and criticisms of each theory are summarized.
- Related concepts like human ecology, natural history, and the mechanisms of natural selection and inheritance of variations are also concisely explained.
Art research for art
The Dodo was a flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius. It stood about 1 meter tall and weighed between 10-18 kg. Its exact appearance is uncertain as it is only known from 17th century drawings, paintings, and accounts. It is believed to have had brownish-grey plumage, yellow feet, a tufted tail, and a grey naked head with a black, yellow, and green beak. It became extinct in the late 17th century due to hunting and destruction of habitat by humans and invasive species. One account from 1598 provides a description of the Dodo.
Charles Darwin.pptx English speaking and
- Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection, which argues that species evolve over generations through natural processes of inheritance and selection of heritable traits.
- Darwin observed that species vary individually and that species best suited to their environments tend to survive and reproduce more, passing on favorable traits to offspring.
- Over many generations, this process of natural selection leads to evolution of species as populations adapt and change over time to become better suited to their environments.
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Darwin proposed four main ideas about evolution: 1) Common descent - all organisms are related through descent from a common ancestor; 2) Gradualism - new species arise gradually through accumulation of small adaptations over time; 3) Multiplication of species - populations tend to increase in size, leading to new species; 4) Natural selection - individuals with traits better suited to the environment will leave more offspring, driving evolution.
Evolution natural selection_and_speciation 2011
The document discusses evidence for evolution and Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. It describes how Darwin observed variations between populations of organisms in different environments and concluded that physical traits enabling organisms to better survive and reproduce will be naturally selected, leading to evolution over time. Darwin's ideas were initially challenged but are now widely accepted, as tremendous evidence has accumulated from many scientific disciplines supporting the theory of evolution.
Evolutionary genetics - Theories,
Overview
In simpler terms, Evolutionary Genetics is the study to understand how genetic
variation leads to evolutionary change.
Evolutionary Genetics attempts to account for evolution in terms of changes in gene
and genotype frequencies within populations and the processes that convert the
variation with populations into more or less permanent variation between species.
The central challenge of Evolutionary Genetics is to describe how the evolutionary
forces shape the patterns of biodiversity.
Evolutionary Genetics majorly deals with;
a. Evolution of genome structure
b. The genetic basis of speciation and adaptation
c. Genetic change in response to selection within populations
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Charles Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection based on observations he made during a 5-year voyage on the HMS Beagle. His theory proposed that all species share a common ancestor and evolve over time through gradual processes of variation, competition for limited resources, and natural selection of beneficial traits. Key evidence came from studies of finches and tortoises on the Galapagos Islands which had adapted in different ways on different islands. Darwin's theory revolutionized scientific understanding of the diversity and relatedness of life on Earth.
Darwin’s Voyage
Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. During his voyage on the HMS Beagle in the 1830s, Darwin observed how organisms on different islands were similar yet had important differences. He determined that adaptations help organisms survive and reproduce, and that over long periods of time, natural selection can lead to the accumulation of beneficial traits and disappearance of harmful traits, resulting in new species.
OCCURENCE OF EVOLUTION.pptx how does evolution happens
This document discusses several key concepts related to the occurrence and mechanisms of evolution:
1. It outlines Jean Baptiste de Lamarck and Charles Darwin's influential theories of evolution, including Lamarck's theories of need, use and disuse, and acquired characteristics as well as Darwin's theory of natural selection.
2. It explores the genetic basis of evolution through concepts like population genetics, gene flow, allele frequencies, non-random mating, and the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
3. It examines various evolutionary patterns such as natural selection, genetic drift, speciation, punctuated equilibrium, microevolution, coevolution, convergent evolution, and adaptive radiation.
Evolution and theories of evolution
1) The document discusses several theories of evolution including Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, Darwin's theory of natural selection, and De Vries' mutation theory.
2) Lamarck believed that organisms could pass on traits acquired during their lifetime to their offspring, such as giraffes passing on long necks. Weismann disproved this through experiments on mice.
3) Darwin's theory of natural selection proposed that variations arise in populations and individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and pass those traits to offspring, leading to the emergence of new species over time.
AP BIO Evolution and Natural Selection speciation 2.ppt
AP Bio Evolution and Natural Selection and the History of Life: The Stories of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace.
Evolution theory
This document discusses evolution and the taxonomy of living things. It defines evolution as any heritable change in a population over generations. It describes how Charles Darwin theorized that all life evolved from a common ancestor and became more complex over time. It then explains taxonomy as the classification of living things in a hierarchy of domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera and species based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships. The document outlines the key evidence for evolution such as fossils, selective breeding, and homologous structures. It also identifies the agents that drive evolutionary change as mutations, genetic drift, gene flow and natural selection.
Theories of evolution
Lamarckism and Darwinism are two theories of evolution. Lamarckism, proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1809, suggests that organisms can pass on traits acquired during their lifetime to their offspring. Darwinism, proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, proposes that evolution occurs through natural selection, where organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on their traits. Key aspects of Darwinism include variation between individuals, the struggle for existence due to limited resources, and survival of the fittest individuals who pass on adaptive variations. Over many generations, these variations accumulate and can lead to the formation of new species.
Similar to Evolution in ecosystems (20)
OCCURENCE OF EVOLUTION.pptx how does evolution happens
OCCURENCE OF EVOLUTION.pptx how does evolution happens
AP BIO Evolution and Natural Selection speciation 2.ppt
AP BIO Evolution and Natural Selection speciation 2.ppt
More from wja10255
Unit 6 ch 15 s3 animals & agriculture
Domesticated animals have been bred and managed by humans for over 50 species including sheep, cattle, chickens, honey bees, silkworms, shellfish, and pigs. Aquaculture, or fish farming, now provides 23% of the world's seafood as many fish populations are suffering from overharvesting. Methods of aquaculture include oyster farms, fish farms, and ranching but can cause pollution from waste and damage wetlands. Livestock are raised on farms and ranches for meat, leather, eggs, wool, manure, and labor and include ruminants like cattle and sheep as well as poultry like chickens and turkeys, many of which are raised in crowded and inhum
Unit 6 ch 15 s2 pest control
Pests include any organisms that damage crops economically, destroying about 33% of the world's potential food harvest. While pesticides kill pests, they can accumulate in the environment and harm other species. Alternatives include integrated pest management using biological controls first before chemicals as a last resort. Genetic engineering transfers pest-resistant genes from one organism to crops, benefiting yields but raising safety and ethical concerns if genes from animals enter plants eaten by humans or weeds. Sustainable agriculture minimizes chemical use to conserve resources indefinitely.
Unit 6 ch 15 s2 crops & soil
This document discusses soil and agriculture. It describes traditional farming methods which relied on animal plowing and organic fertilizers versus modern methods using large machinery, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides. It also explains the layers of soil and composition, including organic material, minerals, air, and water. Further, it discusses threats like erosion, desertification, and salinization as well as conservation practices like terracing and crop rotation that help maintain healthy soil.
Unit 6 ch 15 s1 feeding the world
Widespread starvation is caused by a shortage of food, which can result from drought, loss of fertile soil, or war that disrupts the ability to access or transport crops. As populations grow, famine may become more common globally. Most malnutrition today stems from poverty, as poor subsistence farmers in developing countries often do not have enough land or resources to consistently grow a variety of nutritious foods. The Green Revolution led to higher-yielding crop varieties but also benefited large farms more than small subsistence farmers who could not afford the required fertilizers and pesticides. Scientists are now working to develop hardier, more nutrient-dense crop varieties that can grow in difficult conditions to help address ongoing malnutrition issues.
Unit 6 ch 14 s3 land management & conservation
This document discusses different types of land used for resources and their management. It describes farmland, rangeland, and forest land, and the threats of urban development, overgrazing, and deforestation. It also discusses national parks, wilderness areas, and the benefits of conservation efforts like farmland protection programs and reforestation to preserve ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and resources for the future.
Unit 6 ch 14 s2 urban land use
Urban areas that grow quickly can experience an urban crisis where infrastructure cannot keep up with population growth, leading to issues like traffic jams and overcrowded schools. In contrast, urban areas that grow slowly plan infrastructure in advance to support new residents. Open spaces within cities provide environmental benefits like reducing flooding and moderating temperatures by absorbing rainfall and reducing the urban heat island effect. Land use planning aims to determine how land will be used to address issues of urban growth, and tools like geographic information systems allow planners to analyze layers of geographic data to make informed decisions about future development.
Unit 4 ch 17 s2 nuclear energy
This document discusses nuclear energy, how it works through fission reactions in uranium atoms, and the components of a nuclear reactor. Nuclear energy produces electricity through a controlled chain reaction that heats water to create steam. It has advantages of being energy dense but also has disadvantages like high costs, producing long-lasting radioactive waste, and safety risks if the reaction gets out of control. There is debate around safely storing nuclear waste long-term. The Chernobyl disaster showed the potential human and environmental impacts of an uncontrolled reaction. Researchers are also working on nuclear fusion as a potential future energy source.
Unit 4 ch 17 s1 energy resources & fossil fuels
This document discusses nonrenewable energy resources and fossil fuels. It defines nonrenewable resources as natural resources that cannot be reproduced and will eventually run out. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are types of nonrenewable resources that were formed from the remains of ancient organisms. The document outlines the formation processes of each fossil fuel and their main uses. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each fossil fuel, including environmental impacts, and methods to reduce pollution from their use such as scrubbers on coal plants and catalytic converters on cars.
Unit 3 b ch 10 s3 future of biodiversity
This document discusses three main methods for preserving endangered species: captive breeding programs, germ plasm banks, and zoos/aquariums/parks. It provides the example of the successful California condor breeding program. It also outlines some challenges, noting that protecting habitats is most effective. The document explains key laws and agreements that protect endangered species internationally and domestically, such as the U.S. Endangered Species Act, CITES, and the Biodiversity Treaty. Private conservation groups also play an important role in species preservation efforts.
Unit 3 b ch 10 s2 biodiversity at risk
This document discusses biodiversity and the threats facing many species. It defines threatened, endangered, and extinct species and explains the differences. While there have been natural extinction events in the past, the current "6th extinction" is caused by human activities. Specialist species with small populations are most at risk. The main human threats are habitat destruction, invasive species, pollution, poaching, and overharvesting. Tropical rainforests, coral reefs, and islands have extremely high biodiversity but are being rapidly degraded. "Biodiversity hotspots" face especially high threats and have lost 70% of their original habitat. Some biodiversity hotspots in the US include the Everglades, Midwest prairies, and
Unit 3 b ch 10 s1 what is biodiversity
This document discusses biodiversity and its importance. It defines biodiversity as the variety of species in a given area. Tropical rainforests have the highest biodiversity due to abundant sunlight, moisture and nutrients. Over 1.7 million species have been identified but the actual number is estimated to be over 10 million. Genetic, species and ecosystem diversity are also defined. The importance of biodiversity is explained in maintaining balanced ecosystems, genetic variation, providing resources for medicine, food, clothing, shelter, and recreational/aesthetic value for humans. Key species removal can collapse entire ecosystems, and genetic bottlenecks reduce disease resistance in populations.
Unit 3 a ch 9 s2 changing population trends
The document discusses global population trends, noting that China and India currently have the largest populations but India is projected to surpass China by 2030. Developing countries are experiencing rapid population growth during a time when resources are already stressed. Rapid population growth can overwhelm infrastructure and resources, affecting access to necessities like fuel, water, arable land, and adequate housing. Some governments try to address overpopulation through incentives for smaller families and increased access to family planning.
Unit 3 a ch 9 s1 studying human populations
Demography is the study of human populations, including their size, makeup, economics, and social structure. Demographers group countries into developed and developing categories and use tools like age structure graphs, survivorship curves, and fertility/migration rates to analyze population changes over time and make predictions. All human populations are undergoing a demographic transition from high birth and death rates to lower rates as countries develop.
Unit 3 a ch 8 s2 how species interact with each other
This document discusses how species interact with each other through their niches and habitats. It defines a species' niche as its role in an ecosystem, including its physical home, survival needs, and interactions. A species' habitat is where it lives. Species can interact through competition for limited resources, predation where one species feeds on another, parasitism where one species lives in/on another and harms it, mutualism where both species benefit, and commensalism where one benefits and the other is unaffected. Overlapping niches and competitive exclusion can lead to niche restriction. Adaptations help species avoid predation or parasitism. Symbiosis describes close species associations, and coevolution occurs when species evolve together
Unit 3 a ch 8 s1 how populations change in size
This document discusses key concepts about populations including:
1) A population is defined as all members of a species living together in the same area and capable of interbreeding. The 3 properties of a population are its size, density, and dispersal pattern.
2) Populations can experience exponential growth in the absence of limiting factors, but will typically reach logistic growth as resources become constrained, leveling off at the carrying capacity.
3) Population growth rate is calculated by comparing population sizes over time. Limiting factors like food and space regulate population size through density-dependent and density-independent factors.
Unit 2 a ch 5 s3 how ecosystems change
This document discusses ecological succession, which is the gradual process of change and replacement of species in a community over time. There are two types of succession - primary succession, which occurs on new surfaces without an existing ecosystem, and secondary succession, which occurs after a disturbance to an existing ecosystem. Both end with a climax community, a stable ecosystem that will remain the same if undisturbed. Primary succession follows steps of weathering rock to form soil, then grasses, shrubs, pine trees and finally shade-tolerant deciduous trees. Secondary succession reestablishes more quickly on existing soil and also progresses from pioneer species like grasses to shrubs to trees.
Unit 2 a ch 5 s2 the cycling of materials
This document summarizes several nutrient cycles that are essential for life. It describes the nitrogen cycle, in which nitrogen is fixed from the atmosphere by lightning and bacteria, taken up by plants, and recycled through organisms and the soil with the help of bacteria. It also outlines the carbon/oxygen cycle of photosynthesis and respiration, the water cycle of evaporation and precipitation, and the phosphorus cycle of weathering and plant uptake. It notes how human activities like fossil fuel use, deforestation, septic systems, and phosphorus pollution can disrupt these natural cycles.
Unit 2 a ch 5 s1 energy flow in ecosystems
1) Energy from the sun powers photosynthesis in plants and algae, producing carbohydrates that form the base of most ecosystems' food chains.
2) Some deep sea ecosystems use chemosynthetic bacteria that derive energy from sulfur compounds rather than the sun, as the base of their food chains.
3) Energy is transferred between organisms as one eats another, but about 90% is lost as heat or waste at each transfer, making long food chains unsustainable in most ecosystems.
Unit 2 a ch 4 s2 evolution
This document discusses key concepts about evolution including what evolution is, natural selection, adaptations, coevolution, and how evolution can occur through artificial selection. It explains that evolution is a change in a population's traits over time due to natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and pass on those traits. Adaptations are genetic traits that help organisms survive in their environment. The document also discusses how pesticide resistance in insects occurs through evolution and how leaving refuges can help prevent full resistance in insect populations.
Unit 2 a ch 4 s1 ecosystems- everything is connected
The document discusses the key components and levels of organization in ecosystems studied by ecologists. It defines habitat, biotic factors (living things), abiotic factors (non-living things) as components of ecosystems. It also explains that biotic and abiotic factors influence each other. Finally, it outlines the levels of life studied, from organism to population to community to ecosystem to biome.
More from wja10255 (20)
Unit 6 ch 14 s3 land management & conservation
Unit 6 ch 14 s3 land management & conservation
Unit 4 ch 17 s1 energy resources & fossil fuels
Unit 4 ch 17 s1 energy resources & fossil fuels
Unit 3 a ch 8 s2 how species interact with each other
Unit 3 a ch 8 s2 how species interact with each other
Unit 2 a ch 4 s1 ecosystems- everything is connected
Unit 2 a ch 4 s1 ecosystems- everything is connected
Recently uploaded
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup Slides
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of common terms used in context of Generative AI.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Artificial Intelligence for XMLDevelopment
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
“I’m still / I’m still / Chaining from the Block”
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
20240607 QFM018 Elixir Reading List May 2024
Everything I found interesting about the Elixir programming ecosystem in May 2024
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Consult the full report at https://www.oecd.org/digital/oecd-artificial-intelligence-review-of-germany-609808d6-en.htm
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Recently uploaded (20)
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup Slides
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup Slides
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
Evolution in ecosystems
- 1. Evolution in Ecosystems Environmental Science