There are three main types of evolution: 1. Coevolution occurs when two species evolve together due to their close relationship, such as flowers and pollinating insects. 2. Divergent evolution happens when species with a common ancestor become more different and evolve into separate species, often in different environments like the finches of the Galapagos Islands. 3. Convergent evolution is when species with different ancestors evolve similar traits for the same environment, like dolphins and fish developing flippers for swimming.

1. TYPES OF EVOLUTION NOTES
UNIT 8 DAY 4

2. 1. Coevolution
 Coevolution—two species evolve
together due to their close
relationship. When one evolves, the
other evolves too!
 Examples: birds/bees and flowers for
pollination, predators/prey

3. 2. Divergent Evolution
 Divergent evolution—species
with same ancestor become
more and more different until
they are different species!
 DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
 Example: Finches on the
Galapagos Islands evolved into
many different species to eat
different foods.
Remember what a species is?

4. 3. Convergent Evolution
 Convergent evolution—
species with different
ancestors becoming
more similar
 SAME ENVIRONMENT
 Example: Dolphins and
fish have very different
ancestors (mammals vs.
fish), but both have
evolved flippers because
they live in the sea.

5. DIVERGENT:
different environment
COEVOLUTION:
predator/prey CONVERGENT:
same environment

6. What is a Phylogenetic Tree?
 Shows evolutionary
relationship among
organisms
 As you go down the
tree, you go back in
time to a common
ancestor
 Branching out means
natural selection caused
speciation

7. How do I read Phylogenetic Trees?
 The closer two lines are to each other, the
more closely related the species
 The further away, the more distantly related
1. What is the closest related species to species D in the 1st tree?
2. What species is the most different from species D in the 2nd tree?
3. What is the closest ancestor to species A in the 3rd tree?