The document discusses evidence for evolution and Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. It describes how Darwin observed variations between populations of organisms in different environments and concluded that physical traits enabling organisms to better survive and reproduce will be naturally selected, leading to evolution over time. Darwin's ideas were initially challenged but are now widely accepted, as tremendous evidence has accumulated from many scientific disciplines supporting the theory of evolution.

1. Evidence of Change Evolution

14. Natural Selection and Speciation

17. The Voyage of the Beagle: Ports of Call Noted that populations of organisms were slightly different from place to place Each group was modified to their specific environment

18. The Galapagos Archipelago

19. Land Iguana Marine Iguana The Galapagos Iguanas

20. The Galapagos Tortoises

21. The Galapagos Tortoises

22. The Galapagos Finches

23. The Origin of Species Interactive Exploration The Galapagos Finches

24. Charles Lyell Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle Author of “ Principles of Geology” This book helped Darwin realize that the earth is old and changes slowly over time.

29. Darwin’s View of Evolution Darwin Pieces Together the Puzzle Those giraffes with longer necks got more food and were better able to survive to reproduce, passing on the long-neck genes to their offspring. Over time, giraffes evolved longer necks.

30. “ Of course, long before you mature, most of you will be eaten.” 4 Key Ideas of Natural Selection

35. Darwin Today… Natural Selection in action … causes a frequency of certain alleles in a population to increase or decrease over time!

39. Speciation Results in Biodiversity

46. Behavioral Isolation

50. Two populations live in different habitats and mating occurs in those habitats, thus their own gene pool. Land Iguana Marine Iguana Ecological Isolation

54. Evolution Produces Biodiversity

65. Evolution Evidence to Support Evolution

71. Miller-Urey Apparatus Evidence to Support Evolution

75. Bernard Palissy 1589

77. Hutton (1785) and Hadrian’s Wall

82. Sea Floor Spreading

84. Plate Tectonics

88. Direct Evidence of Evolution

93. Missing Link?

97. Relative Dating of Fossils

102. Carbon-14 Dating - Determines the age of fossils of a biological origin up to approx. 50,000 years old. - used in dating things such as bone, cloth, wood, plant fibers, etc. 5,700 year is C 14 half-life

104. Half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years

105. Half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years 22,920 11,460 28,650 17,190

106. Radiometric Dating Evidence to Support Evolution Radioactive Parent Stable Daughter Half life Potassium 40 Argon 40 1.25 billion yrs Rubidium 87 Strontium 87 48.8 billion yrs Thorium 232 Lead 208 14 billion years Uranium 235 Lead 207 704 million years Uranium 238 Lead 206 4.47 billion years Carbon 14 Nitrogen 14 5730 years

116. Human Evolution