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Econ Systems SFLS
- 1. Levels of EconomicDevelopment Types of Economies and
- 2. Levels of EconomicDevelopment Types of Economies and
- 3. 1.) Primary sector Levelsof Economic Development - Consists of agriculture, fishing, and activities such as mining, and oil extraction.
- 4. 1.) Primary sector Levelsof Economic Development 2.) Secondary sector - Wide range of manufacturing such as food processing, textiles, clothing, iron and electronics.
- 5. 1.) Primary sector Levelsof Economic Development 2.) Secondary sector 3.) Tertiary sector - Services and diverse activities as transportation, banking, retailing and information technology.
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- 9. Levels of EconomicDevelopment Types of Economies and
- 10. Ways to interpretEconomic theory Positive economics is the study of what is 结果是基于数据 Normative economics is the study of what should be 是基于你的愿望是什么结果 The next few slides are a very brief introduction to the history that created the different types of economies we have today.
- 11. { His political philosophy 政治哲学influenced the French Revolution 法国大革命 as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological, and educational thought. Jean-Jacque Rousseau
- 12. { Famous book called:Social contract 社会契约 Man is born free, but is everywhere in chains 人是生而自由的，但无处不在链 The legislative power belongs to the people, and can belong to it alone 立法权力属于人民，属于它的单独 Jean-Jacque Rousseau An example of a thinker that inspired very different ways of viewing the world afterwards.
- 13. { He noticed howrich French people lived compared to the poor French of his time.
- 14. {His writings inspiredthings like the French Revolution
- 15. Adam Smith (1723- 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher 苏格兰哲学家, pioneer of political economy 政治经济学的先驱, and key Scottish Enlightenment苏格兰 启蒙运动figure Rousseau was even read by people like Adam Smith and helped to inspire Smith as well.
- 16. Adam Smith (1723- 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher 苏格兰哲学家, pioneer of political economy 政治经济学的先驱, and key Scottish Enlightenment苏格兰 启蒙运动figure
- 17. { “It is notfrom the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we can expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest” “这不是从仁的屠夫，酿酒商，或 面包师，我们可以期望我们的晚 餐，但他们关于自己的兴趣” Adam Smith’s famous book The Wealth of Nations
- 18. { 在追求他个人私利的过程中,他常常会更有效地使 社会变得更好, 比他原先想作或未想作的更有效. Adam Smith’sidea led to the understanding of people to build and create new things and how this made the world a better place for everyone.
- 19. { Karl Marx was aGerman philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. Writing about 50 years later, he saw the world in a very different way.
- 20. { You have nothingto lose except your chains 你有什么可失去的，除了你的链条 The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles 整个世界的历史是阶级斗争 The Communist Manifesto “共产党宣言” Karl Marx
- 21. { 整个世界的历史是阶级斗争 He thought thisnew capitalism was just more exploitation of people.
- 22. { Karl Marx Adam Smith Somuch of the history and fighting of 20th century was between the ideas of these different sides.
- 23. 冷战 It led tothings like the cold war….
- 24. And almost thedestruction of the entire planet. That’s how important these ideas were.
- 25. Levels of EconomicDevelopment Types of Economies and
- 26. 1.) Command Economy Typesof Economies - Government plays the central role in market decision making
- 27. 1.) Command Economy Typesof Economies i.) What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by Government preferences.
- 28. Ways to interpretEconomic theory Positive economics is the study of what is 结果是基于数据 Normative economics is the study of what should be 是基于你的愿望是什么结果 Warning – These next slides are a simplified overview of the results of having Command economies. Please view these as Positive economics.
- 29. Command Economies have mostlyfailed in the real world to provide for it’s citizens. Positive economics is the study of what is 结果是基于数据 Normative economics is the study of what should be 是基于你的愿望是什么结果
- 30. { North Korea atnight – show how undeveloped this command economy is compared to the rest of the world.
- 31. { He was abig follower of Marx and Command economies ideas… didn’t work so well.
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- 33. { 大跃进 This really wasan economic disaster and led to the suffering of millions of people.
- 34. { 柬埔寨 A similar thinghappened here and led to the death and starvation of millions of people.
- 35. { 柏林墙 Countries on theEast side of the wall – the Command economy side also did not grow as well as those in the West.
- 36. { After the wallfell in 1989 the countries in the East opened up the to world.
- 37. { It was notalways easy but them Command economy countries did but better after they moved to the free market.
- 38. 1.) Command economy Typesof Economies 2.) Free Market economy - Decisions about how to allocate分配 resources are left up to people themselves.
- 39. Types of Economies i.)What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by consumers preferences 2.) Free Market economy Determined by producers seeking profits Determined by purchasing power
- 40. Free Market economiesare the most vibrate 積極 and best economies in the world. Positive economics is the study of what is 结果是基于数据 Normative economics is the study of what should be 是基于你的愿望是什么结果
- 41. By pursuing hisown interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it. 在追求他个人私利的过程中,他常 常会更有效地使社会变得更好, 比他原先想作或未想作的更有效. Adam Smith’s famous book The Wealth of Nations
- 42. { By preferring thesupport of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention. Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was not part of it. 他(公司的总经理或拥有人)宁愿支持自己的公司而不支持别人的公司,为 的是他自己的安全; 于是他若是把他自己公司的产品素质或价值提高,他 只是为了要争取更多私利, 那么他在这件事上, 和在其它的事上一样, 会 被一隻无形的手导引着去达成一种不是他原先想要的结果. 而且这结果 并不一定会对他公司不归属的社会造成坏的影响. Adam Smith’s famous book The Wealth of Nations
- 43. He opened upto free market ideas which helped to develop and grow the country in amazing ways.
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- 46. 1.) Command economy Typesof Economies 2.) Free Market economy 3.) Mixed economy - Incudes private and public sectors, with only some government control.
- 47. Types of Economies i.)What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by consumers and government preferences Determined by producers seeking profits and government regulation Determined by purchasing power and government preferences 3.) Mixed economy
- 48. Positive economics is thestudy of what is 结果是基于数据 Most countries in the world are to some degree，a mixed economy.
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- 50. Index 索引 ofEconomic Freedom free 北朝鲜 # 177 command mixed 古巴 # 176 香港 # 1 新加坡 # 2 美国 # 11 中国 # 137 加拿大 # 6 英国 # 14俄国 # 140 德国 # 18 法国 # 70 巴西 # 114
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- 52. 1.) Primary sector Levelsof Economic Development 2.) Secondary sector 3.) Tertiary sector - Services and diverse activities as transportation, banking, retailing and information technology. - Wide range of manufacturing such as food processing, textiles, clothing, iron and electronics. - Consists of agriculture, fishing, and activities such as mining, and oil extraction.
- 53. 1.) Command economy Types ofEconomies 3.) Mixed economy - Government plays the central role in market decision making. - Incudes private and public sectors, with only some government control. 2.) Free Market economy - Decisions about how to allocate resources are left up to people themselves.
- 54. 1.) Command Economy Typesof Economies i.) What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by Government preferences.
- 55. Types of Economies i.)What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by consumers preferences 2.) Free Market economy Determined by producers seeking profits Determined by purchasing power
- 56. Types of Economies i.)What to produce. ii.) How much to produce. iii.) How to produce it. iv.) Who to produce it for. Determined by consumers and government preferences Determined by producers seeking profits and government regulation Determined by purchasing power and government preferences 3.) Mixed economy
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