The document discusses Bureau of Indian Standards 15001-2000 which provides requirements for occupational health and safety management systems. It aims to help organizations minimize risks to employees and others from its activities. The standard also provides guidance to improve occupational health and safety performance. The document then outlines various occupational health hazards like physical, chemical, biological, psychosocial hazards and discusses standards for occupational health and safety audits.

1. BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS 15001-2000
STANDARD ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
BY- DINESH CHANDOLA
SEMT-35

2. INTRODUCTION OF BIS
The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the national
Standards Body of India working under the aegis of Ministry
of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, Government
of India.
It is established by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986
which came into effect on 23 December 1986.
The Minister in charge of the Ministry or Department having
administrative control of the BIS is the President of the BIS.
In 1986, the ISI was renamed as the Bureau of Indian
Standards

3. VISION
• The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), leader in all
matters concerning Standardization, Certification and
Quality In order to attain this, the Bureau would strive:
• To provide efficient timely service.
• To satisfy the customers needs for quality of goods and
services.
• To work and act in such a way that each task performed
leads to excellence and enhances the credibility and
image of the Organization.
• For the product certification mark, see ISI mark, For the
jewellery hallmarking, see BIS hallmark.

4. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS IN
PROCESS INDUSTRIES
Health and Safety is one of the most important aspects of an
organisation’s safe and effective functioning.
Considering the need and a great demand from the industry for
a comprehensive frame work for Occupational Health and
Safety, the Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi constituted
a committee on which Shri M.K. Malhotra, Dy.Director
General, Central Labour Institute, Mumbai was one of the
member to formulate a National Standard on Occupational
Health and Safety Management System

5. Contd…
The BIS has brought out a Standard on this subject as BIS
15001-2000 for the organizations to develop a practical
approach to management of Occupational Health and Safety in
such a way to protect employees and general public whose
health and safety may be in danger because of the
organisation’s activities.
The Standard also directs to improve Occupational Health &
Safety performance of the organizations by providing the
necessary requirements and guidance for use

6. The Occupational Health & Safety Management System may
be integrated with the management of other aspects of business
performance in order to –
• assist the organizations to establish an image at the National
and International markets
• minimize risk to employee and others including general public
• protect the environment and
• improve productivity and business performance.

7. The extent of application and usefulness will depend on
important factors such as the Occupational Health & Safety
Policy of the organization, the nature of its activities and the
conditions in which it operates.

8. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Occupational health is the promotion and maintenance of the
highest degree of physical, mental and social wellbeing of
workers in all occupations. One of the declared aims of
occupational health is to provide a safe occupational
environment in order to safeguard the health of the workers
and to step up industrial production.
Occupational Environment’ means the sum of external
conditions and influences prevailing at the place of work
which have a bearing on the health of the working population.

9. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS
An industrial worker may be exposed to five types of hazards,
depending upon his occupation.
(a) Physical Hazards
(b) Chemical Hazards and
(c) Biological Hazards
(d) Mechanical Hazards and
(e) Psychosocial Hazards.
HAZARDS DUE TO SOME DUSTS: Pneumoconiosis

10. PHYSICAL HAZARDS
• Heat.
• Cold.
• Noise.
• Vibration.
• Ionizing radiation.
• Light.
• Atmospheric Pressure.
• Extremely low frequency electric magnetic fields (EMF).
• Electricity.
• Ultrasound.

11. CHEMICAL HAZARDS
• Hazards due to some Gases
• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Cyanide Poisoning
• . Ammonia
• Chlorine
• Hydrogen Sulphide
• Sulfur Dioxide
• Benzene :
• Inhalation of high Carbon Disulfide

12. HAZARDS DUE TO SOME METALS &
THEIR COMPOUNDS
• Lead poisoning
• Mercury Poisoning
• Arsenic Poisoning
• Chromium Poisoning
• Nickel Poisoning
• Cobalt Poisoning.
• Alluminium Poisoning

13. BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
• Biological hazards are organic substances that pose a threat to
the health of humans and other living organisms.
• Biological hazards include
• Pathogenic micro-organisms
• Viruses
• Toxins (from biological sources)
• Spores
• Fungi
• Other bio-active substances.
• •Also include biological vectors or transmitters of disease.

14. PSYCHOSOCIAL HAZARDS
A psychosocial hazard is any occupational hazard that affects
the psychological well-being of workers, including their ability
to participate in a work environment among other people
• Increased worker vulnerability due to globalization
• New forms of employment contracts
• Feeling of job insecurity
• Aging workforce
• Long working hours
• Lean production and outsourcing
• High emotional demands
• Poor work

15. OCCUPATIONAL CANCERS
Skin -The causes may be –coal tar, X-ray, dyes, certain oils,
Sun rays, etc.
Lungs -The causes may be – Asbestos fibre, nickel, chromium,
coal tar, radioactive substances, cigarette smoking, petroleum
products, etc
Bladder -The causes may be – Betanaphthylamine, benzene,
paraaminodiphenyl, etc
Blood -The causes may be – Benzene, radioactive substances,
Roentgen rays, etc.

16. CODE OF PRACTICE ON OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH AUDIT
BIS 14489-1998

17. SCOPE
DEFINITION- Auditee
Audit Team
Client
Management Representation
Observation
Objective Evidence
BIS 14489 standard establishes audit objectives, criteria and
practices, and provides guidelines for establishing, planning,
conducting and documenting of audits on occupational safety
and health systems at workplace.

18. Occupational Safety and Health Audit-
• The audit typically applies to, but not limited to. a safety
system or elements there of, and is applicable to process,
products, or to services. Such audits are often called ‘safety
system audit’, ‘process safety audit’, ‘product safely audit’,
‘service safety audit’.
• There are two types of audits,
• External audits- are those carried out by agencies external to
the auditee organization.
• Internal audit- are those carried out by the employees
designated by the management for this purpose.

19. One purpose of the OS&H audit is to identify the areas for
improvement or corrective action. An audit should not be
confused with ‘Periodic Safety Inspection’ activities performed
by plant personnel for the purpose of checking effectiveness of
implementation of Safety System.
AUDIT GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
• Audits are normally designed to achieve one or more of the
following goals:
• to provide the auditee with an opportunity to assess its own
OS&H system against a OS&H system standard and identify
areas for improvement;
• to determine the conformity of the implemented OS&H system
with specified requirements and identify areas for improvement;
and
• to meet regulatory requirements.

20. AUDITS OBJECTIVES
OS&H audits are conducted with the following objectives:
- To carry out a systematic, critical appraisal of all potential
hazards involving personnel plant, services and operation
method; and
- To ensure that OS&H system fully satisfy the
legal requirements and those of the company’s written safety
policies, objectives and progress.

21. RESPONSIBILITY
Auditor’s responsibilities
The lead auditor is ultimately responsible for all phases of the
OS&H audit. The lead auditor should have management
capabilities and experience and should be given authority to
make final decisions regarding the conduct of the audit and any
audit observations.
The lead auditor responsibility covers:
• Communicating with client, auditee and other auditors
regarding audit requirements;
• selection of other audit team members.
• preparation of the audit plan.
• interacting with the client and auditee’s management;
• submitting the audit report; and maintaining agreed time
schedule.

22. Auditors' responsibility
• complying with the applicable audit requirements;
• planning and carrying out assigned responsibilities effectively
and efficiently;
• documenting the observations reporting the audit results;
• verifying the effectiveness of corrective actions taken as a
result of the earlier audits (if requested by the client);
• retaining and safeguarding documents pertaining to the audit
ensuring such documents remain confidential, a n d
• treating . privileged information with discretion; and
Cooperating

23. Auditors should
• Remain within the audit scope.
• Collect and analyse evidence that is relevant
• Remain alert to any indications of evidence that can
influence the audit results.
• Be able to answer such questions as presented.
• Act in an ethical manner at all times.

24. AUDITING METHODOLOGY
Initiating the OS&H Audit
• Scope
• Audit Frequent
• Preliminary review of auditee’s description and specified
requirement of OS&H system:
Preparing the OS&H Audit
• Audit Plan
• Audit Team Assignments
• Working Documents of the Audit Team
• Questionnaire of Preliminary Information

25. Executing the OS&H Audit
• Opening Meeting
• Examination
• Collecting evidence
• Audit observations
• Audit Recommendations
• Closing Meeting with Auditee

26. OS&H Audit Documents
• Audit Report Preparation
• Report Content
• Report Distribution
• Record Retention
OS&H AUDIT COMPLETION
ACTION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF OS&H AUDIT REPORT-
These actions are taken up by the auditee managemnet