The document describes a study that uses artificial neural networks to calculate the cut-off frequency of low-pass FIR digital filters designed using different windows. FDA Tool was used to design filters with Bartlett-Hanning and Blackman-Harris windows. Neural networks with feedforward backpropagation, feedforward distributed time delay, and radial basis function algorithms were trained on filter coefficients and corresponding cut-off frequencies. The calculated cut-off frequencies from the neural networks were compared to the actual frequencies from FDA Tool. Results showed that the neural networks could accurately estimate cut-off frequencies, with some algorithms performing better than others depending on the window used.
This project describes a novel architecture based on Recursive Running Sum (RRS) filter implementation for wire and wireless data processing. UARTs are used for asynchronous serial data communication between remote embedded systems. If physical channel is noisy then, serial data bits get corrupted during transmission. The UART core described here, utilizes recursive running sum filter to remove noisy samples. Input data signal is directly sampled with system clock and samples are accumulated over a window size. The window size is user programmable and it should be set to one tenth of required bit period. The intermediate data bit is decoded using magnitude comparator. The advantage of this architecture is that baud rate is decided by the window size so there is no need of any external “timer module” which is normally required for standard UARTs. The Recursive Running Sum (RRS) filter architecture with programmable window size of M is designed and modules are implemented with VHDL language. This project implementation includes many applications in wireless data communication Systems like RF, Blue tooth, WIFI, ZigBee wireless sensor applications. Total coding written in VHDL language. Simulation in Modelsim Simulator, Synthesis done by XILINX ISE 9.2i. Synthesis result is verified by the Chipscope. Input signal given from the keyboard and output is seen by the help of HyperTerminal.
Analysis of different FIR Filter Design Method in terms of Resource Utilizati...ijsrd.com
In this paper fully parallel FIR filters are designed with different design method on FPGA for resource utilization and response analysis. fully parallel band-pass FIR filters with same specification designed and simulated on ISE. The suggested implementations are synthesized with Xilinx ISE 14.2 version. Results show comparison of three different filter design methods in terms of resource utilization.
Design of Multiplier Less 32 Tap FIR Filter using VHDLIJMER
This Paper provide the principles of Distributed Arithmetic, and introduce it into the FIR
filters design, and then presents a 32-Tap FIR low-pass filter using Distributed Arithmetic, which save
considerable MAC blocks to decrease the circuit scale and pipeline structure is also used to increase the
system speed. The implementation of FIR filters on FPGA based on traditional method costs considerable
hardware resources, which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed.
It is very well known that the FIR filter consists of Delay elements, Multipliers and Adders. Because of
usage of Multipliers in early design gives rise to 2 demerits that are:
(i) Increase in Area and
(ii) Increase in the Delay which ultimately results in low performance (Less speed).
So the Distributed Arithmetic for FIR Filter design and Implementation is provided in this work to solve
this problem. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the recourse usage and pipeline
structure is used to increase the system speed. Distributed Arithmetic can save considerable hardware
resources through using LUT to take the place of MAC units
This project describes a novel architecture based on Recursive Running Sum (RRS) filter implementation for wire and wireless data processing. UARTs are used for asynchronous serial data communication between remote embedded systems. If physical channel is noisy then, serial data bits get corrupted during transmission. The UART core described here, utilizes recursive running sum filter to remove noisy samples. Input data signal is directly sampled with system clock and samples are accumulated over a window size. The window size is user programmable and it should be set to one tenth of required bit period. The intermediate data bit is decoded using magnitude comparator. The advantage of this architecture is that baud rate is decided by the window size so there is no need of any external “timer module” which is normally required for standard UARTs. The Recursive Running Sum (RRS) filter architecture with programmable window size of M is designed and modules are implemented with VHDL language. This project implementation includes many applications in wireless data communication Systems like RF, Blue tooth, WIFI, ZigBee wireless sensor applications. Total coding written in VHDL language. Simulation in Modelsim Simulator, Synthesis done by XILINX ISE 9.2i. Synthesis result is verified by the Chipscope. Input signal given from the keyboard and output is seen by the help of HyperTerminal.
Analysis of different FIR Filter Design Method in terms of Resource Utilizati...ijsrd.com
In this paper fully parallel FIR filters are designed with different design method on FPGA for resource utilization and response analysis. fully parallel band-pass FIR filters with same specification designed and simulated on ISE. The suggested implementations are synthesized with Xilinx ISE 14.2 version. Results show comparison of three different filter design methods in terms of resource utilization.
Design of Multiplier Less 32 Tap FIR Filter using VHDLIJMER
This Paper provide the principles of Distributed Arithmetic, and introduce it into the FIR
filters design, and then presents a 32-Tap FIR low-pass filter using Distributed Arithmetic, which save
considerable MAC blocks to decrease the circuit scale and pipeline structure is also used to increase the
system speed. The implementation of FIR filters on FPGA based on traditional method costs considerable
hardware resources, which goes against the decrease of circuit scale and the increase of system speed.
It is very well known that the FIR filter consists of Delay elements, Multipliers and Adders. Because of
usage of Multipliers in early design gives rise to 2 demerits that are:
(i) Increase in Area and
(ii) Increase in the Delay which ultimately results in low performance (Less speed).
So the Distributed Arithmetic for FIR Filter design and Implementation is provided in this work to solve
this problem. Distributed Arithmetic structure is used to increase the recourse usage and pipeline
structure is used to increase the system speed. Distributed Arithmetic can save considerable hardware
resources through using LUT to take the place of MAC units
FPGA Implementation of Optimized CIC Filter for Sample Rate Conversion in Sof...idescitation
A software radio receiver is one which is tuned to
receive a transmitted signal on multiple communication
standards through software rather than hardware. To
incorporate multi-standard radio communications an
intermediate frequency of high ranges is used. Such high
intermediate frequencies when sampled with Nyquist rate
gets oversampled due to the phenomenon of Band Pass
sampling depending on the radio communication standard.
Hence a digital down converter (DDC) capable of reducing
the sampling rate in accordance with the radio communication
standard is required. Cascaded Integrated Comb (CIC) filters
are used for large sample rate conversion factors. In this paper
an optimized architecture for DDC employing CORDIC in
the mixer stage and the reconfigurable decimation factors for
CIC filters has been implemented. Optimized implementation
of CIC filter for sample rate conversion of multi-standard
radio communications reduces the hardware resources by more
than twenty percent when compared with the non-optimized
architecture.
Implementation Cost Analysis of the Interpolator for the Wimax Technologyiosrjce
The design of the multirate filter (programmable) has been proposed which can be used in digital
transceivers that meets 802.16d/e (wimax) standard in the wireless communication system. Wimax is a
technology emerging in the wireless communication system in order to increase the broadband wireless internet
access. As there is wide spread need of the digital representation of the signal for the transmission and storage
which create the challenges in DSP [1]. In this paper, analysis of the implementation cost of interpolator for the
wimax technology, and cost of interpolator is analyzed on the basis of number of adders and multiplier. The
Filters are designed using the FDA (filters design and analysis) tool in MATLAB.
Performance Analysis of Fractional Sample Rate Converter Using Audio Applicat...iosrjce
Fractional rate converters which are generally used for many applications with different frequencies
and are an essential part of communication systems. In this paper fractional rate converter with use of both
FIR and Nyquist FIR have been compared and analyzed. Its implementation can be easily found in the
developing communication systems, but here results are taken for audio applications. The proposed design and
analysis have been developed with the help of MATLAB with order 50 for FIR and 71 for Nyquist, sampling
frequency 48000Hz. The filters are then interpolated by an interpolation factor 2 and decimated by a decimation
factor of 3. The cost implementation of both has been taken into consideration and a result is drawn which
concludes that fractional rate converter for Nyquist FIR filter much more cost effective as compared to the
fractional rate converter for FIR filter
A Novel Architecture for Different DSP Applications Using Field Programmable ...journal ijme
This paper presents a reconfigurable processor for different digital signal processing applications. The performance of the proposed architecture has been evaluated by taking different dsp applications like Low pass filter, high pass filter, finite impulse response (FIR) filter and FFT module. We designed the architecture of the processor and realizing the architecture using adder, multiplier, delay unit and validate it in the FPGA, which show that the hardware scheme is feasible for practical application. The experimental results clearly reveal the novelty of the architecture for dsp applications. This paper investigates the potential use of FPGAs for implementing efficient “Reconfigurable Processor” for different dsp applications. The proposed processor is based on parallel re-configurable which is implemented on FPGA. FPGAs have become an important component for implementing these functions with respect to cost, performance and flexibility. The general purpose SPARTAN 3AN FPGA kit has been employed for developing reconfigurable processor, with all the coding done using the hardware description language VERILOG.
Matlab Based Decimeter Design Analysis Wimax Appliacationiosrjce
A Digital down Converter (DDC), which is basically used to convert an intermediate frequency (IF)
signal to its baseband form, forms an integral part of wireless receivers. The major functional blocks of a DDC
constitute a mixer, Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) and an FIR filter chain. In this paper, We can
comparison of two window and see the costs of all Window filters
Performance Analysis and Simulation of Decimator for Multirate ApplicationsIJEEE
In this paper, a decimator design has been presented for multirate digital signal processing. The decimator design has been analysed and simulated for performance comparison in terms of filter order and ripple factor. Direct form-I with decimation factor 2 have been used for performance and ripple analysis. The decimators have been designed & simulated using MATLAB. It can be observed from the simulated results that as we increase the filter order, ripple factor decreases, for the same filter structure. On the other hand, increasing filter order will increase its area and implementation cost.
Design of Low Pass Digital FIR Filter Using Cuckoo Search AlgorithmIJERA Editor
This paper presents a novel approach of designing linear phase FIR low pass filter using cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). FIR filter design is a multi-modal optimization problem. The conventional optimization techniques are not efficient for digital filter design. An iterative method is introduced to find the best solution of FIR filter design problem.Flat passband and high stopband attenuation are the major characteristics required in FIR filter design. To achieve these characteristics, a Cuckoo Search algorithm (CSA) is proposed in this paper. CSA have been used here for the design of linear phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters. Results are presented in this paper that seems to be promising tool for FIR filter design
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
Linear Phase FIR Low Pass Filter Design Based on Firefly Algorithm IJECEIAES
In this paper, a linear phase Low Pass FIR filter is designed and proposed based on Firefly algorithm. We exploit the exploitation and exploration mechanism with a local search routine to improve the convergence and get higher speed computation. The optimum FIR filters are designed based on the Firefly method for which the finite word length is used to represent coefficients. Furthermore, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution algorithm (DE) will be used to show the solution. The results will be compared with PSO and DE methods. Firefly algorithm and Parks–McClellan (PM) algorithm are also compared in this paper thoroughly. The design goal is successfully achieved in all design examples using the Firefly algorithm. They are compared with that obtained by using the PSO and the DE algorithm. For the problem at hand, the simulation results show that the Firefly algorithm outperforms the PSO and DE methods in some of the presented design examples. It also performs well in a portion of the exhibited design examples particularly in speed and quality.
FPGA Implementation of Optimized CIC Filter for Sample Rate Conversion in Sof...idescitation
A software radio receiver is one which is tuned to
receive a transmitted signal on multiple communication
standards through software rather than hardware. To
incorporate multi-standard radio communications an
intermediate frequency of high ranges is used. Such high
intermediate frequencies when sampled with Nyquist rate
gets oversampled due to the phenomenon of Band Pass
sampling depending on the radio communication standard.
Hence a digital down converter (DDC) capable of reducing
the sampling rate in accordance with the radio communication
standard is required. Cascaded Integrated Comb (CIC) filters
are used for large sample rate conversion factors. In this paper
an optimized architecture for DDC employing CORDIC in
the mixer stage and the reconfigurable decimation factors for
CIC filters has been implemented. Optimized implementation
of CIC filter for sample rate conversion of multi-standard
radio communications reduces the hardware resources by more
than twenty percent when compared with the non-optimized
architecture.
Implementation Cost Analysis of the Interpolator for the Wimax Technologyiosrjce
The design of the multirate filter (programmable) has been proposed which can be used in digital
transceivers that meets 802.16d/e (wimax) standard in the wireless communication system. Wimax is a
technology emerging in the wireless communication system in order to increase the broadband wireless internet
access. As there is wide spread need of the digital representation of the signal for the transmission and storage
which create the challenges in DSP [1]. In this paper, analysis of the implementation cost of interpolator for the
wimax technology, and cost of interpolator is analyzed on the basis of number of adders and multiplier. The
Filters are designed using the FDA (filters design and analysis) tool in MATLAB.
Performance Analysis of Fractional Sample Rate Converter Using Audio Applicat...iosrjce
Fractional rate converters which are generally used for many applications with different frequencies
and are an essential part of communication systems. In this paper fractional rate converter with use of both
FIR and Nyquist FIR have been compared and analyzed. Its implementation can be easily found in the
developing communication systems, but here results are taken for audio applications. The proposed design and
analysis have been developed with the help of MATLAB with order 50 for FIR and 71 for Nyquist, sampling
frequency 48000Hz. The filters are then interpolated by an interpolation factor 2 and decimated by a decimation
factor of 3. The cost implementation of both has been taken into consideration and a result is drawn which
concludes that fractional rate converter for Nyquist FIR filter much more cost effective as compared to the
fractional rate converter for FIR filter
A Novel Architecture for Different DSP Applications Using Field Programmable ...journal ijme
This paper presents a reconfigurable processor for different digital signal processing applications. The performance of the proposed architecture has been evaluated by taking different dsp applications like Low pass filter, high pass filter, finite impulse response (FIR) filter and FFT module. We designed the architecture of the processor and realizing the architecture using adder, multiplier, delay unit and validate it in the FPGA, which show that the hardware scheme is feasible for practical application. The experimental results clearly reveal the novelty of the architecture for dsp applications. This paper investigates the potential use of FPGAs for implementing efficient “Reconfigurable Processor” for different dsp applications. The proposed processor is based on parallel re-configurable which is implemented on FPGA. FPGAs have become an important component for implementing these functions with respect to cost, performance and flexibility. The general purpose SPARTAN 3AN FPGA kit has been employed for developing reconfigurable processor, with all the coding done using the hardware description language VERILOG.
Matlab Based Decimeter Design Analysis Wimax Appliacationiosrjce
A Digital down Converter (DDC), which is basically used to convert an intermediate frequency (IF)
signal to its baseband form, forms an integral part of wireless receivers. The major functional blocks of a DDC
constitute a mixer, Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) and an FIR filter chain. In this paper, We can
comparison of two window and see the costs of all Window filters
Performance Analysis and Simulation of Decimator for Multirate ApplicationsIJEEE
In this paper, a decimator design has been presented for multirate digital signal processing. The decimator design has been analysed and simulated for performance comparison in terms of filter order and ripple factor. Direct form-I with decimation factor 2 have been used for performance and ripple analysis. The decimators have been designed & simulated using MATLAB. It can be observed from the simulated results that as we increase the filter order, ripple factor decreases, for the same filter structure. On the other hand, increasing filter order will increase its area and implementation cost.
Design of Low Pass Digital FIR Filter Using Cuckoo Search AlgorithmIJERA Editor
This paper presents a novel approach of designing linear phase FIR low pass filter using cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). FIR filter design is a multi-modal optimization problem. The conventional optimization techniques are not efficient for digital filter design. An iterative method is introduced to find the best solution of FIR filter design problem.Flat passband and high stopband attenuation are the major characteristics required in FIR filter design. To achieve these characteristics, a Cuckoo Search algorithm (CSA) is proposed in this paper. CSA have been used here for the design of linear phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters. Results are presented in this paper that seems to be promising tool for FIR filter design
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
Linear Phase FIR Low Pass Filter Design Based on Firefly Algorithm IJECEIAES
In this paper, a linear phase Low Pass FIR filter is designed and proposed based on Firefly algorithm. We exploit the exploitation and exploration mechanism with a local search routine to improve the convergence and get higher speed computation. The optimum FIR filters are designed based on the Firefly method for which the finite word length is used to represent coefficients. Furthermore, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution algorithm (DE) will be used to show the solution. The results will be compared with PSO and DE methods. Firefly algorithm and Parks–McClellan (PM) algorithm are also compared in this paper thoroughly. The design goal is successfully achieved in all design examples using the Firefly algorithm. They are compared with that obtained by using the PSO and the DE algorithm. For the problem at hand, the simulation results show that the Firefly algorithm outperforms the PSO and DE methods in some of the presented design examples. It also performs well in a portion of the exhibited design examples particularly in speed and quality.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Simulation Study of FIR Filter based on MATLABijsrd.com
First, the rapid design of FIR digital filter was completed by using the Signal Processing Toolbox FDA Tool, the case filter design of a composite signal by filtering, to prove that the content filter designed for filtering. MATLAB and Simulink programs of the filter were used to verify the performance of the filter in MATLAB. Experimental results show that the low-pass filter filters the high frequency component of input signals mixed. Comparison of two types of simulation, the latter method was more convenient quickly, and reduces the workload.
Design and implementation of two-dimensional digital finite impulse response...IJECEIAES
The main purpose of this paper is to design a two-dimensional digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter using data broadcast and non-broadcast structure. The implementation of two-dimensional digital FIR filter is done using very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL). Rectangular window method is used for calculating 2D digital FIR filter coefficients for data broadcast and non-broadcast structure. The coefficients of the one-dimensional digital FIR filter are obtained using the MATLAB filter design and analysis (FDA) tool for two different cut-off frequencies and are multiplied to get the necessary coefficient for the two-dimensional FIR filter to be designed; the simulation is done on Artix-7 series field programmable gate array (FPGA), target device (xc7a35t-cpg236) using Vivadov.2015.2. The proposed design reduces the area utilization and the power consumption when compared with the existing literature. The experimental result shows that the power consumption is improved by 97% and there is an improvement of 24% in area utilization for the two-dimensional with and without data broadcast one dimensional FIR filter structures.
“FIELD PROGRAMMABLE DSP ARRAYS” - A NOVEL RECONFIGURABLE ARCHITECTURE FOR EFF...sipij
Digital Signal Processing functions are widely used in real time high speed applications. Those functions
are generally implemented either on ASICs with inflexibility, or on FPGAs with bottlenecks of relatively
smaller utilization factor or lower speed compared to ASIC. The proposed reconfigurable DSP processor is
redolent to FPGA, but with basic fixed Common Modules (CMs) (like adders, subtractors, multipliers,
scaling units, shifters) instead of CLBs. This paper introduces the development of a reconfigurable DSP
processor that integrates different filter and transform functions. The switching between DSP functions is
occurred by reconfiguring the interconnection between CMs. Validation of the proposed reconfigurable
architecture has been achieved on Virtex5 FPGA. The architecture provides sufficient amount of flexibility,
parallelism and scalability.
Computer Based Model to Filter Real Time Acquired Human Carotid PulseCSCJournals
Acquisition and reliable parameter extraction of human bio-signals is extremely sensitive to interferences. Analogue filters have been used in the past to remove artefacts but they only help to suppress these contaminations and are difficult to realize. Their simulated computer based digital equivalents are however a viable and effective solution to this. But these filters are mostly tested on stored database and so there is a need to develop a system where real time acquired human signal is filtered and analyzed online on a computer. Present paper deals with design and simulation of digital techniques like FIR filter, IIR notch filter, spectrum analysis and convolution implemented on real time, non-invasively acquired carotid pulse wave on a computer based environment named Simulink using FDA tool. Results obtained show the accuracy of the designed techniques and gives an easy model to online acquire and filter bio-signals sitting at home.
Similar to Design Low Pass FIR Digital Filter for Cut off Frequency Calculation Using Artificial Neural Network (20)
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.