This document presents a technique for fault detection in systems using wavelet decomposition and artificial neural networks (ANN). It discusses using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to extract features from signals for fault detection, which overcomes limitations of other techniques like fast Fourier transform (FFT) for non-stationary signals. The DWT decomposes signals into different frequency bands to analyze energy content, which is then fed as input to an ANN for fault classification and detection. The technique aims to provide earlier detection of faults than conventional methods through feature extraction and ANN pattern recognition of faults.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Fault detection and diagnosis of high speed switching devices in power invertereSAT Journals
Abstract
Power electronic based inverters are the major components in industry. A fault diagnostics framework composed of a pattern recognition system, having machine learning technology as its integral part is utilized for failure detection of different switches and tracing multiple types of faults in an inverter. Hardware point of view power electronics inverter can be considered to be the weakest link. Hence, this work is carried on detecting faults and classifies which switches in the inverter cause the fault. Diagnosis can help to avoid unplanned breakdown, to make possible to run an emergency operation in case of a fault. On the basis of theoretical foundations of electronic power inverter a simulation model has been developed to simulate the healthy condition and all single-switch open circuit faults. The generated signal is processed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Fuzzy Inference Logic (FIL). A smart and accurate classification of faults is obtained using simulation results, which are tested on a wide operation domain and various load conditions.
Keywords: Fault Diagnosis, DWT, Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Intelligence (AI).
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Fault detection and diagnosis of high speed switching devices in power invertereSAT Journals
Abstract
Power electronic based inverters are the major components in industry. A fault diagnostics framework composed of a pattern recognition system, having machine learning technology as its integral part is utilized for failure detection of different switches and tracing multiple types of faults in an inverter. Hardware point of view power electronics inverter can be considered to be the weakest link. Hence, this work is carried on detecting faults and classifies which switches in the inverter cause the fault. Diagnosis can help to avoid unplanned breakdown, to make possible to run an emergency operation in case of a fault. On the basis of theoretical foundations of electronic power inverter a simulation model has been developed to simulate the healthy condition and all single-switch open circuit faults. The generated signal is processed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Fuzzy Inference Logic (FIL). A smart and accurate classification of faults is obtained using simulation results, which are tested on a wide operation domain and various load conditions.
Keywords: Fault Diagnosis, DWT, Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Recent Trends InDigital Differential Protection of Power Transformerijiert bestjournal
Digital protection has several advantages over conventional protection scheme. For protecting
costliest and vital equipment such as transformer, digital schemes have been proposed by several authors in recent
past. This paper throws light on all such efforts and it will help researchers to focus on integrated efforts to protect
transformer in a better and efficient way. Artificial intelligence along with signature and pattern recognition
techniques give much more useful information about happenings in and outside of transformer. Efforts are put by
all concerned with fast, accurate, flexible, reliable and easy to understand scheme of protection. With the advent of
soft computing methods condition monitoring with protection has become on line objective. Keeping all these
state of art techniques of protection, this paper will be a useful resource. Discrimination of several faults external
and internal needs digital signal processing and feature extraction as well. Many algorithms are proposed as
summarized in paper.
Harmonic Voltage Distortions in Power Systems Due to Non Linear LoadsIJAPEJOURNAL
Harmonics are found to have deleterious effects on power system equipments including transformers, capacitor banks, rotating machines, switchgears and protective relays. Transformers, motors and switchgears may experience increased losses and excessive heating. Shunt filters are effective in minimizing voltage distortions. This paper describes the voltage distortions generated by non linear loads. The harmonic specifications such as harmonic factor, characteristic harmonic and non-characteristic harmonic are considered while explaining the paper. ‘MiPower’ software is used to compute the harmonic distortions in a sample power system. Accurate harmonic models are established for a non linear load. To reduce the harmonic voltages impressed upon specific parts of the sample power system, passive filters are installed at two buses. With the implementation of a passive filter at the bus with non linear load, the harmonics are greatly reduced. For the specified power system, at all the buses the total harmonic distortion has been evaluated.
This paper presents a discrete wavelet transform and neural network approach to fault
detection and classification and location in transmission lines. The fault detection is carried out by
using energy of the detail coefficients of the phase signals and artificial neutral network algorithm
used for fault type classification and fault distance location for all the types of faults for 220 KV
transmission line. The energies of the all three phases A, B, C and ground phase are given in put to
the neural network for the fault classification. For each type of fault separate neural network is
prepared for finding out the fault location. An improved performance is obtained once the neutral
network is trained suitably, thus performance correctly when faced with different system parameters
and conditions.
FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH FOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINEJournal For Research
Transmission line among the other electrical power system component suffers from unexpected failure due to various random causes. Because transmission line is quite large as it is open in environment. A fault occurs on transmission line when two or more conductors come in contact with each other or ground. This paper presents a proposed model based on MATLAB software to detect the fault on transmission line. Fault detection has been achieved by using Fuzzy Logic based intelligent control technique. The proposed method aims in presenting a fast and accurate fault diagnosis method to classify and identify the type of fault which occurs on a power transmission system. In this paper, some of the unconventional approaches for condition monitoring of power systems comprising of relay Breaker, along with the application of soft computing technique like fuzzy logic. Results show that the proposed methodology is efficient in identifying fault in transmission system.
Iot based harmonic analysis using wavelet transform KrishnapriyaNair8
The main purpose of this presentation is to describe the importance of harmonics analysis in any power system. With the help of wavelet transform the analysis is been done.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Sensitive Wavelet-Based Algorithm for Fault Detection in Power Distribution...IDES Editor
This paper presents a wavelet based technique for
detection and classification of abnormal conditions that occur
on power distribution lines. The transients associated with these
conditions contain a large spectrum of frequencies, which are
analyzed using wavelet transform approach. The proposed
technique depends on a sensitive fault detection parameter
(denoted SFD) calculated from wavelet multi-resolution
decomposition of the three phase currents. The simulation
results of this study clearly indicate that the proposed technique
can be successfully used to detect not only faults that could not
be detected by conventional relays but also abnormal transients
like load switching and inrush currents
EFFECTIVE AND SECURE DATA COMMUNICATION IN WSNs CONSIDERING TRANSFER MODULE O...IJEEE
A Bio-inspired clustering algorithm based on BFO has been proposed and investigation on energy efficient clustering algorithms related to WSNs has been done in this paper. The contribution of this paper related to use of Bacteria foraging algorithm firstly for WSNs for enhancing network lifetime of sensor nodes.
PREDICTING COMMUNICATION DELAY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR IEEE 802.15.4/ZIGB...IJCNC
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) particularly for real time applications raise fundamental problems
for the scientific community. These problems are related to the limit of energy resource and the real time
constraints on the communication delay. The well functioning of such networks depends mainly on the
network lifetime result of nodes energies and the communication delay which should meet the required
deadlines. Thus, the well design of Real-Time Wireless Sensor Networks must be with the prediction of
the energy consumption and the communication delay. Therefore, this paper propose an analytical model
to predict the lifetime and the delay in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee WSN. Our proposed model is based on
realistic assumptions. It considers the most important network features such as idle times from the
Backoff, overhearing and interferences by collisions and transmission errors. Compared to simulation
results and other analytical approaches, our model gives a reliable lifetime and delay prediction.
Differential equation fault location algorithm with harmonic effects in power...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
About 80% of faults in the power system distribution are earth faults. Studies to find effective methods to identify and locate faults in distribution networks are still relevant, in addition to the presence of harmonic signals that distort waves and create deviations in the power system that can cause many problems to the protection relay. This study focuses on a single line-to-ground (SLG) fault location algorithm in a power system distribution network based on fundamental frequency measured using the differential equation method. The developed algorithm considers the presence of harmonics components in the simulation network. In this study, several filters were tested to obtain the lowest fault location error to reduce the effect of harmonic components on the developed fault location algorithm. The network model is simulated using the alternate transients program (ATP)Draw simulation program. Several fault scenarios have been implemented during the simulation, such as fault resistance, fault distance, and fault inception angle. The final results show that the proposed algorithm can estimate the fault distance successfully with an acceptable fault location error. Based on the simulation results, the differential equation continuous wavelet technique (CWT) filter-based algorithm produced an accurate fault location result with a mean average error (MAE) of less than 5%.
Recent Trends InDigital Differential Protection of Power Transformerijiert bestjournal
Digital protection has several advantages over conventional protection scheme. For protecting
costliest and vital equipment such as transformer, digital schemes have been proposed by several authors in recent
past. This paper throws light on all such efforts and it will help researchers to focus on integrated efforts to protect
transformer in a better and efficient way. Artificial intelligence along with signature and pattern recognition
techniques give much more useful information about happenings in and outside of transformer. Efforts are put by
all concerned with fast, accurate, flexible, reliable and easy to understand scheme of protection. With the advent of
soft computing methods condition monitoring with protection has become on line objective. Keeping all these
state of art techniques of protection, this paper will be a useful resource. Discrimination of several faults external
and internal needs digital signal processing and feature extraction as well. Many algorithms are proposed as
summarized in paper.
Harmonic Voltage Distortions in Power Systems Due to Non Linear LoadsIJAPEJOURNAL
Harmonics are found to have deleterious effects on power system equipments including transformers, capacitor banks, rotating machines, switchgears and protective relays. Transformers, motors and switchgears may experience increased losses and excessive heating. Shunt filters are effective in minimizing voltage distortions. This paper describes the voltage distortions generated by non linear loads. The harmonic specifications such as harmonic factor, characteristic harmonic and non-characteristic harmonic are considered while explaining the paper. ‘MiPower’ software is used to compute the harmonic distortions in a sample power system. Accurate harmonic models are established for a non linear load. To reduce the harmonic voltages impressed upon specific parts of the sample power system, passive filters are installed at two buses. With the implementation of a passive filter at the bus with non linear load, the harmonics are greatly reduced. For the specified power system, at all the buses the total harmonic distortion has been evaluated.
This paper presents a discrete wavelet transform and neural network approach to fault
detection and classification and location in transmission lines. The fault detection is carried out by
using energy of the detail coefficients of the phase signals and artificial neutral network algorithm
used for fault type classification and fault distance location for all the types of faults for 220 KV
transmission line. The energies of the all three phases A, B, C and ground phase are given in put to
the neural network for the fault classification. For each type of fault separate neural network is
prepared for finding out the fault location. An improved performance is obtained once the neutral
network is trained suitably, thus performance correctly when faced with different system parameters
and conditions.
FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH FOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINEJournal For Research
Transmission line among the other electrical power system component suffers from unexpected failure due to various random causes. Because transmission line is quite large as it is open in environment. A fault occurs on transmission line when two or more conductors come in contact with each other or ground. This paper presents a proposed model based on MATLAB software to detect the fault on transmission line. Fault detection has been achieved by using Fuzzy Logic based intelligent control technique. The proposed method aims in presenting a fast and accurate fault diagnosis method to classify and identify the type of fault which occurs on a power transmission system. In this paper, some of the unconventional approaches for condition monitoring of power systems comprising of relay Breaker, along with the application of soft computing technique like fuzzy logic. Results show that the proposed methodology is efficient in identifying fault in transmission system.
Iot based harmonic analysis using wavelet transform KrishnapriyaNair8
The main purpose of this presentation is to describe the importance of harmonics analysis in any power system. With the help of wavelet transform the analysis is been done.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Sensitive Wavelet-Based Algorithm for Fault Detection in Power Distribution...IDES Editor
This paper presents a wavelet based technique for
detection and classification of abnormal conditions that occur
on power distribution lines. The transients associated with these
conditions contain a large spectrum of frequencies, which are
analyzed using wavelet transform approach. The proposed
technique depends on a sensitive fault detection parameter
(denoted SFD) calculated from wavelet multi-resolution
decomposition of the three phase currents. The simulation
results of this study clearly indicate that the proposed technique
can be successfully used to detect not only faults that could not
be detected by conventional relays but also abnormal transients
like load switching and inrush currents
EFFECTIVE AND SECURE DATA COMMUNICATION IN WSNs CONSIDERING TRANSFER MODULE O...IJEEE
A Bio-inspired clustering algorithm based on BFO has been proposed and investigation on energy efficient clustering algorithms related to WSNs has been done in this paper. The contribution of this paper related to use of Bacteria foraging algorithm firstly for WSNs for enhancing network lifetime of sensor nodes.
PREDICTING COMMUNICATION DELAY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR IEEE 802.15.4/ZIGB...IJCNC
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) particularly for real time applications raise fundamental problems
for the scientific community. These problems are related to the limit of energy resource and the real time
constraints on the communication delay. The well functioning of such networks depends mainly on the
network lifetime result of nodes energies and the communication delay which should meet the required
deadlines. Thus, the well design of Real-Time Wireless Sensor Networks must be with the prediction of
the energy consumption and the communication delay. Therefore, this paper propose an analytical model
to predict the lifetime and the delay in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee WSN. Our proposed model is based on
realistic assumptions. It considers the most important network features such as idle times from the
Backoff, overhearing and interferences by collisions and transmission errors. Compared to simulation
results and other analytical approaches, our model gives a reliable lifetime and delay prediction.
Differential equation fault location algorithm with harmonic effects in power...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
About 80% of faults in the power system distribution are earth faults. Studies to find effective methods to identify and locate faults in distribution networks are still relevant, in addition to the presence of harmonic signals that distort waves and create deviations in the power system that can cause many problems to the protection relay. This study focuses on a single line-to-ground (SLG) fault location algorithm in a power system distribution network based on fundamental frequency measured using the differential equation method. The developed algorithm considers the presence of harmonics components in the simulation network. In this study, several filters were tested to obtain the lowest fault location error to reduce the effect of harmonic components on the developed fault location algorithm. The network model is simulated using the alternate transients program (ATP)Draw simulation program. Several fault scenarios have been implemented during the simulation, such as fault resistance, fault distance, and fault inception angle. The final results show that the proposed algorithm can estimate the fault distance successfully with an acceptable fault location error. Based on the simulation results, the differential equation continuous wavelet technique (CWT) filter-based algorithm produced an accurate fault location result with a mean average error (MAE) of less than 5%.
Fault diagnosis of a high voltage transmission line using waveform matching a...ijsc
This paper is based on the problem of accurate fault diagnosis by incorporating a waveform matching technique. Fault isolation and detection of a double circuit high voltage power transmission line is of immense importance from point of view of Energy Management services. Power System Fault types namely single line to ground faults, line to line faults, double line to ground faults etc. are responsible for transients in current and voltage waveforms in Power Systems. Waveform matching deals with the approximate superimposition of such waveforms in discretized versions obtained from recording devices and Software respectively. The analogy derived from these waveforms is obtained as an error function of voltage and current, from the considered metering devices. This assists in modelling the fault identification as an optimization problem of minimizing the error between these sets of waveforms. In other words, it utilizes the benefit of software discrepancies between these two waveforms. Analysis has been done using the Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimizer on an IEEE 2 bus, 6 bus and 14 bus system. The performance of the algorithm has been compared with an analogous meta-heuristic algorithm called BAT optimization on a 2 bus level. The primary focus of this paper is to demonstrate the efficiency of such methods and state the common peculiarities in measurements, and the possible remedies for such distortions.
Fault Diagnosis of a High Voltage Transmission Line Using Waveform Matching A...ijsc
This paper is based on the problem of accurate fault diagnosis by incorporating a waveform matching technique. Fault isolation and detection of a double circuit high voltage power transmission line is of immense importance from point of view of Energy Management services. Power System Fault types namely single line to ground faults, line to line faults, double line to ground faults etc. are responsible for transients in current and voltage waveforms in Power Systems. Waveform matching deals with the approximate superimposition of such waveforms in discretized versions obtained from recording devices and Software respectively. The analogy derived from these waveforms is obtained as an error function of voltage and current, from the considered metering devices. This assists in modelling the fault identification as an optimization problem of minimizing the error between these sets of waveforms. In other words, it utilizes the benefit of software discrepancies between these two waveforms. Analysis has been done using the Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimizer on an IEEE 2 bus, 6 bus and 14 bus system. The performance of the algorithm has been compared with an analogous meta-heuristic algorithm called BAT optimization on a 2 bus level. The primary focus of this paper is to demonstrate the efficiency of such methods and state the common peculiarities in measurements, and the possible remedies for such distortions.
A REVIEW OF SELF HEALING SMART GRIDS USING THE MULTIAGENT SYSTEMijiert bestjournal
This paper is trying review different techniques us ed for self healing of the smart grid network. A smart grid has taken a very high importance in th e last ten years or so. Then the advancement in smart grid has taken a major importance. One of the most important aspects in the field of smart grid is a self healing of fault,and this att racted the researchers. As described in many research papers,one of the main requirements of th e electrical grid is to maintain zero gap between generation and distribution [2,3,4]. Howe ver deregulation and decentralized generation has given with the information and communication te chnology (ICT). This paper will summarize latest available techniques for self healing smart grids.
Wavelet energy moment and neural networks based particle swarm optimisation f...journalBEEI
In this study, a combined approach of discrete wavelet transform analysis and a feed forward neural networks algorithm to detect and classify transmission line faults. The proposed algorithm uses a multi -resolution analysis decoposition of three-phasecurrents only to calculate the wavelet energy moment of detailed coefficients. In comparison with the energy spectrum, the energy moment could reveal the energy distribution features better, which is beneficial when extracting signal features. Theapproach use particle swarm optimization algorithm to train a feed forward neural network. The goal is the enhancement of the convergence rate, learning process and fill up the gap of local minimum point.The purposed scheme consists of two FNNs, one for detecting and another for classifying all the ten types of faults using Matlab/Simulink. The proposed algorithm have been extensively tested on a system 400 kV, 3 phases, 100 km line consideringvarious fault parameter variations.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.