This document discusses different types of clipping and clamping circuits. It describes clipper circuits which remove parts of the input waveform, either the positive or negative portions. Positive clippers remove the positive half cycles, while negative clippers remove the negative half cycles. Biased clippers add a battery to make the diode conduct during only one polarity of the input signal. Clamper circuits add a DC offset to the input waveform without changing its shape. Positive clampers double the wavelength on the positive side, while negative clampers double the negative side. The purpose of these circuits is to protect downstream components from voltages that are too high or low.

2. OBJECTIVE:-
Design a clipper and clamping circuit & study the
output wave shapes.

4. • A circuit which use to remove the peak of
th
e wave is called clipper.
• Here blue wave is input and red is
output

5. Why Clipperused?
• The purpose of clippers is to protect a
circui
t against too high or too low voltages.
• A simplest clipper circuit is consist of one
diode one resistance and a AC input
source.

6. Positive Clipper
Circuits
• In a positive clipper, the positive half cycles of the input voltage
will be removed. The circuit arrangements for a positive
clipper are illustrated in the figure given below .

7. Negative ClipperCircuit
• The negative clipping circuit is almost same as the positive
clipping circuit, with only one difference. If the diode in
figures (a)and (b) is reconnected with reversed polarity,
the circuits will become for a negative series clipper.As
below

8. Result of Positive and
Negative Clipper
• In all the above discussions, the diode is considered to be ideal
one. In a practical diode, the breakdown voltage will exist (0.7
V for silicon and 0.3 V for Germanium). When this is taken into
account, the output waveforms for positive and negative
clippers will be of the shape shown in the figure below.

9. Biased Positive
Clipper
• We know that the biasing is a process in which we connect a
battery with the diode. Same as here we just attach battery
with diode in clipper circuit.
• when the input signal voltage is positive, the diode ‘D’ is
reverse-biased. This causes it to act as an open-switch.

10. Biased NegativeClipper
• When the input signal voltage is negative its also reverse
biased but in this case battery voltage is more than the input
voltage so its acts like an close switch.

11. CombinationCircuit
• When a portion of both positive and negative of each half
cycle of the input voltage is to be clipped (or removed),
combination clipper is employed. The circuit for such a clipper
is:

12. Clamper
• A circuit which adds DC value to an AC wave form
without changing its wave form.
• In this circuit we use a diode and a capacitor and a
resistor for measure voltage in our circuit.

13. Why Clamperuse
• Clamper use to increase the wavelength of input
wave.
• Like an sound system amplifier.

14. Positiveclamper
• In positive clamper diode is forward biased and current
flow is maximum and so due to the capacitor it will
double the wavelength on positive side.

15. Negativeclamper
• In this capacitor negatively charged and the output
is the double of the input of the negative side.