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CLAMPING
CIRCUITES,CLIPPER
        &
 PEAK DETECTORS


      Dr. C. Saritha, Lecturer in Electronics
      S.S.B.N P.G COLLEGE, ANANTAPUR
OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
DEFINATIONS
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS
 WAVEFORMS
 CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION

• Some of the non linear function
  circuits are :

         CLAMPERS
          CLIPPERS
          PEAK DETECTORS
CLAMPING CIRCUITS
 The clamping circuits in general, designed
  “clamp” the top or bottom of a waveform.

 Fixed d.c. level, which may be zero, while
  preserving its shape and amplitude

 The distinguishing feature of a clamper is that
  is it adjusts the d.c. level without needing to
  know the exact waveform.
• Zero volts-waveforms
CLAMPING CIRCUITS:
Waveforms :
Operation of the circuit :         input voltage
vi = vm sin ω t and vref


Interval 0 ≤ ω t ≤ π :

       Vi is positive, Vd is negative V0 is negative the
   diode is reverse biased. No current flows through
   the capacitor i.e. it is not charged.

Interval π ≤ ω t ≤ 3 π/2 :
     Vi is negative V0 is positive. The diode
  conducts and the NV terminal of the op amp
  behaves as virtual ground. The capacitor c1 gets
  charged with point A at a potential higher than
  that of point be the capacitor gets charged to
  the peak value Vm of the input voltage.
Interval ω t > 3π/2 :
      Vd = - (Vm + Vi) = -Vm (1+sin ωt )
And diode D is OFF. As a result the output
  voltage.
      V0 = - Vd = Vm (1+sin ωt )
Reference voltage the capacitor gets charged
  to (Vm +vref ) the output voltage.
     V0 = Vm sin ωt + (Vm +vref )
Examples :
        Vm = 10 v and Vref = 5v
         V0 = 10 sin ωt +10+5
            = 10 sin ωt + 15
Waveforms for +vref and –vref :
CLIPPER
 Clipper are circuits which can clipp
 off a portion of the input waveform
 without distorting the rest of the
 waveform.
 Clipping circuits are also refer
 limiter amplitude selectors or slicers.
POSITIVE CLIPPER :

     Precession diode which can be used to
 slice off a portion of the positive half of the
 input signal. The level at which clipping is done
 is determined by the reference voltage.
Positive clipper :
Positive clipper waveforms :
NEGATIVE CLIPPER :


     Reversed and the reference voltage the
 resulting circuit is a negative clipper circuit. it
 clips OFF the negative region of the input signal
 waveform below the reference voltage.
Negative clipper circuit :
Negative clipper waveforms :
PEAK DETECTORS
Detector :
  The maximum value is called detector
Peak detectors :
  Peak detectors ate electronic circuits
  that track the input signal faithfully
  until it detects a peak and holds that
  value until a new, Larger peak is
  detected.
Basic peak detector :

           The diode allows un directional
  current to charge the capacitor. The
  capacitor stories the charge and acts as a
  voltage memory. It holds the peak value of
  the input voltage. To detect a peak, S1 has to
  be closed and S2 open. To hold the peak value
  both the switches should be open. To reset
  the circuit, S1 has to be opened and S2 closed.
Basic peak detector :
Peak detector waveform :
Thank   you

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Clampers and clippers

  • 1. CLAMPING CIRCUITES,CLIPPER & PEAK DETECTORS Dr. C. Saritha, Lecturer in Electronics S.S.B.N P.G COLLEGE, ANANTAPUR
  • 3. INTRODUCTION • Some of the non linear function circuits are : CLAMPERS  CLIPPERS  PEAK DETECTORS
  • 4. CLAMPING CIRCUITS  The clamping circuits in general, designed “clamp” the top or bottom of a waveform.  Fixed d.c. level, which may be zero, while preserving its shape and amplitude  The distinguishing feature of a clamper is that is it adjusts the d.c. level without needing to know the exact waveform.
  • 8. Operation of the circuit : input voltage vi = vm sin ω t and vref Interval 0 ≤ ω t ≤ π : Vi is positive, Vd is negative V0 is negative the diode is reverse biased. No current flows through the capacitor i.e. it is not charged. Interval π ≤ ω t ≤ 3 π/2 : Vi is negative V0 is positive. The diode conducts and the NV terminal of the op amp behaves as virtual ground. The capacitor c1 gets charged with point A at a potential higher than that of point be the capacitor gets charged to the peak value Vm of the input voltage.
  • 9. Interval ω t > 3π/2 : Vd = - (Vm + Vi) = -Vm (1+sin ωt ) And diode D is OFF. As a result the output voltage. V0 = - Vd = Vm (1+sin ωt ) Reference voltage the capacitor gets charged to (Vm +vref ) the output voltage. V0 = Vm sin ωt + (Vm +vref )
  • 10. Examples : Vm = 10 v and Vref = 5v V0 = 10 sin ωt +10+5 = 10 sin ωt + 15
  • 11. Waveforms for +vref and –vref :
  • 12. CLIPPER  Clipper are circuits which can clipp off a portion of the input waveform without distorting the rest of the waveform.  Clipping circuits are also refer limiter amplitude selectors or slicers.
  • 13. POSITIVE CLIPPER : Precession diode which can be used to slice off a portion of the positive half of the input signal. The level at which clipping is done is determined by the reference voltage.
  • 16. NEGATIVE CLIPPER : Reversed and the reference voltage the resulting circuit is a negative clipper circuit. it clips OFF the negative region of the input signal waveform below the reference voltage.
  • 19. PEAK DETECTORS Detector : The maximum value is called detector Peak detectors : Peak detectors ate electronic circuits that track the input signal faithfully until it detects a peak and holds that value until a new, Larger peak is detected.
  • 20. Basic peak detector : The diode allows un directional current to charge the capacitor. The capacitor stories the charge and acts as a voltage memory. It holds the peak value of the input voltage. To detect a peak, S1 has to be closed and S2 open. To hold the peak value both the switches should be open. To reset the circuit, S1 has to be opened and S2 closed.
  • 23. Thank you