The three types of rectifiers in just 18 slides. Learn and enjoy the concepts. This PowerPoint presentation not only tells about the working and principles of rectifiers but also determines the disadvantages and advantages of different rectifiers. This PowerPoint presentation also has circuit diagrams that suit your necessities. This PPT can be written as an answer for a long type of question too.
Do Diodes and electronic stuff freaks you out?And what about those clippers and clampers?The details are as follows.
You can learn every concept related to it here.Enjoy clipping :)
The three terminals of the FET are known as Gate, Drain, and Source.
It is a voltage controlled device, where the input voltage controls by the output current.
In FET current used to flow between the drain and the source terminal. And this current can be controlled by applying the voltage between the gate and the source terminal.
So this applied voltage generate the electric field within the device and by controlling these electric field we can control the flow of current through the device.
Do Diodes and electronic stuff freaks you out?And what about those clippers and clampers?The details are as follows.
You can learn every concept related to it here.Enjoy clipping :)
The three terminals of the FET are known as Gate, Drain, and Source.
It is a voltage controlled device, where the input voltage controls by the output current.
In FET current used to flow between the drain and the source terminal. And this current can be controlled by applying the voltage between the gate and the source terminal.
So this applied voltage generate the electric field within the device and by controlling these electric field we can control the flow of current through the device.
Pn junction diode by sarmad baloch
I AM SARMAD KHOSA
BSIT (5TH A)
(ISP)
FACEBOOK PAGLE::
https://www.facebook.com/LAUGHINGHLAUGHTER/
YOUTUBE CHANNEL:::
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUjaIeS-DHI9xv-ZnBpx2hQ
This ppt is about semiconductor diodes.You can get every basic information about PN junction diode and its working and some more information about the semiconductors.
Bridge Rectifier Circuit with Working Operation and Their Typeselprocus
A bridge rectifier is an arrangement of four or more diodes in a bridge circuit configuration which provides the same output polarity for either input polarity. It is used for converting an alternating current (AC) input into a direct current (DC) output.
On this presentation i describe all the features and types of diode. This presentation started from short but understandable history of diode or zener . How diode is working? Answer of this question also clear after read all this presentation.
Pn junction diode by sarmad baloch
I AM SARMAD KHOSA
BSIT (5TH A)
(ISP)
FACEBOOK PAGLE::
https://www.facebook.com/LAUGHINGHLAUGHTER/
YOUTUBE CHANNEL:::
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUjaIeS-DHI9xv-ZnBpx2hQ
This ppt is about semiconductor diodes.You can get every basic information about PN junction diode and its working and some more information about the semiconductors.
Bridge Rectifier Circuit with Working Operation and Their Typeselprocus
A bridge rectifier is an arrangement of four or more diodes in a bridge circuit configuration which provides the same output polarity for either input polarity. It is used for converting an alternating current (AC) input into a direct current (DC) output.
On this presentation i describe all the features and types of diode. This presentation started from short but understandable history of diode or zener . How diode is working? Answer of this question also clear after read all this presentation.
The presentation consists of the detailed explanation on the topic of Converters, specifically on the rectifiers, different types of rectifiers ( Half-wave, full-wave and bridge ) configuration. The advantages and disadvantages of rectifiers and their applications
Pre Final Year project/ mini project for Electronics and communication engine...Shirshendu Das
Mini project for Electronics and communication engineering (ECE) to build an AC to DC power supply using Full Wave Rectifier having input as 220-240V AC and giving stable filtered output of 5V, -5V & variable 5V DC. Simulation of the circuit was done in Proteus design suite.
Full Wave Rectifier Circuit Working and Theoryelprocus
Know about Full wave rectifier circuit working and theory. It is uses two diodes to produces the
entire waveform both positive and negative half-cycles. The full-wave rectifier allows us to convert
almost all the incoming AC power to DC.
India celebrates it National sports day on 29th of August every year which commemorates the birth anniversary of Major Dhyanchand. This ppt tells also the participation of India in different international sports competition.
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CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM BIOLOGY CLASS 11TH DHARUN MUGHILAN
It has every topic covered with highlighted and italicized text.
more images than in the textbook. Easy wording. Brief explanation. Catchy sentences. New diagrams.
DETAILED CHAPTER OF BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION.
WELL EXPLAINED WITH DIAGRAM. WELL ORGANISED POWER[POINT TEMPLATES. SHORT AND PRECISE NOTES. WELL DEFINED TOPICS FOR EACH SUBJECTS.
This PPT can help one to describe Tutankhamen's history and his findings and a lot more .This PPT mostly describes the researches taken place for finding reasons for Tutankhamen's death and also his age at his death.HOPE THIS WILL BE MORE HELPFUL TO CLASS 11TH CBSE STUDENTS.
THIS INCREDIBLE NOVEL IS WRITTEN BY HELEN KELLER. IN THIS PPT YOU CAN READ A BRIEF AND UNDERSTANDABLE LANGUAGED SUMMARY. NOT ONLY THE SUMMARY BUT ALSO THE WHOLE CHARACTER'S SKETCHES ARE PRESENTED IN THIS PPT, SO THAT YOU CAN KNOW ABOUT THE PEOPLE AND HELPERS OF THIS INCREDIBLE NOVEL.
A SHADY PLOT BY ELSIE BROWN IS A SEMI- GHOST STORY. THIS POWER POINT PRESENTATION CONTAINS A BRIEF SUMMARY AND ANIMATED SERIES OF THIS GHOSTLY CHAPTERS.MOREOVER IT ALSO CONTAINS SOME ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS, SHORT TYPE QUESTIONS AND TEXT TO REFERENCE QUESTIONS.THIS PPT CAN HELP YOU TO GET A BRIEF REFERENCE TO THIS INTERESTING CHAPTER.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Rectification is the process of converting AC
voltage to pulsating DC voltage. The electronic
circuit used for this process is known as the
rectifier. This circuit uses p-n junction diode.
The working principle of all kinds of rectifiers is
the diode allows current only and only in
forward bias or in simple words the diode
conducts only in forward bias.
WHAT ARE RECTIFIERS?
5. PRINCIPLE:
Diode conducts only in forward bias
THE CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM CONTAINS:
• Transformer with
primary and
secondary coils
• One P-N junction
Diode
• Load resistance RL
The AC voltage to be rectified is connected between the
primary of the transformer
To one coil of the secondary , the p junction of the diode is
connected
The output is measured across the load resistance RL
6. WORKING:
Case 1
During the positive half cycle of the
input AC voltage, suppose P1 is
negative and P2 is positive
On account of inductance, S1
becomes positive and S2 becomes
negative
The p-n junction is forward biased
and hence the resistance of the p-n
junction diode becomes low
Hence, current flows in the circuit
and we get output across the load
resistance RL
This is indicated in the graph above
7. Case 2
During the negative half cycle of the
input AC voltage, suppose P1 is
positive and P2 is negative
On account of inductance, S1
becomes negative and S2 becomes
positive
The p-n junction is reverse biased
and hence the resistance of the
p-n junction diode becomes high
Hence, no current flows in the
circuit and we do not get any
output across the load resistance
RL
This is indicated in the graph above
8. The above process is repeated. Thus , we have current only
in the positive half of the cycle. Hence, if is called as half-
wave rectifier
The output signal is not continuous and available as bursts.
Hence, this is not of much use.
Limitations of half wave rectifier:
• They only allow a half-cycle through
per sinewave, and the other half-
cycle is wasted. This leads to power
loss.
• They produces a low output voltage.
• The output current we obtain is not
purely DC, and it still contains a lot
of ripple (i.e. it has a high ripple
factor)
10. PRINCIPLE: Diode conducts only in forward bias
THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
CONTAINS:
• Transformer with
primary and
secondary coils
• Two P-N junction
Diodes
• Centre tapped load
resistance RL
The full wave rectifier uses a center tapped transformer to convert the
input AC voltage into output DC voltage. When input AC voltage is
applied, the secondary winding of the center tapped transformer
divides this input AC voltage into two parts: positive and negative or in
simple words we can say that the center tapping provides two
separate output voltages which are equal in magnitude but opposite
in polarity to each other.
11. Working of a CT- FWR
CASE 1:
The working of a center-tapped full wave rectifier can
be understood by the above figure. When the positive
half cycle of the input voltage is applied, the point M at
the transformer secondary becomes positive with
respect to the point N. This makes the diode D1
forward biased. Hence current i1 flows through the
load resistor from A to B. We now have the positive half
cycles in the output
12. CASE 2 :
When the negative half cycle of the input voltage is
applied, the point M at the transformer secondary
becomes negative with respect to the point N. This
makes the diode D2 forward biased. Hence current
i2flows through the load resistor from A to B. We now
have the positive half cycles in the output, even during
the negative half cycles of the input.
13. From the figure it is evident that the output is
obtained for both the positive and negative half
cycles. It is also observed that the output across the
load resistor is in the same direction for both the half
cycles.
Advantages of Full Wave Rectifier
• The rectification efficiency of full wave rectifiers is
double that of half wave rectifiers. The efficiency
of half wave rectifiers is 40.6% that of full wave
rectifiers is 81.2%.
• The output voltage and the output power obtained
in full wave rectifiers are higher than that
obtained in half wave rectifiers.
Disadvantages of Full-Wave Rectifier
• Location of center tapping is difficult.
• It is an expensive circuit due to more components.
• The full wave rectifiers are not suitable to use
when small voltage is required to be rectified. This
is because, in a full wave circuit, two diodes are
connected in series and offer double voltage drop
due to internal resistances.
• PIV of diodes should be high.
15. PRINCIPLE: Diode conducts only in forward bias
THE CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM CONTAINS:
• Transformer with
primary and
secondary coils
• Four P-N junction
Diodes
• Load resistance RL
This is such a full wave rectifier circuit which utilizes four diodes connected
in bridge form so as not only to produce the output during the full cycle of
input, but also to eliminate the disadvantages of the center-tapped full
wave rectifier circuit. There is no need of any center-tapping of the
transformer in this circuit. Four diodes called D1, D2, D3 and D4 are used in
constructing a bridge type network so that two of the diodes conduct for
one half cycle and two conduct for the other half cycle of the input supply.
The circuit of a bridge full wave rectifier is as shown in the figure.
16. CASE 1:
The full wave rectifier with four diodes connected in
bridge circuit is employed to get a better full wave output
response. When the positive half cycle of the input supply
is given, point P becomes positive with respect to the
point Q. This makes the diode D1 and D3 forward biased
while D2 and D4reverse biased. These two diodes will
now be in series with the load resistor. Hence the diodes
D1 and D3 conduct during the positive half cycle of the
input supply to produce the output along the load resistor.
As two diodes work in order to produce the output, the
voltage will be twice the output voltage of the center
tapped full wave rectifier
Working of a
Bridge
Rectifier:
17. CASE 2:
When the negative half cycle of the input supply is given,
point P becomes negative with respect to the point Q. This
makes the diode D1 and D3 reverse biased while D2 and
D4 forward biased. These two diodes will now be in series
with the load resistor. Hence the diodes D2 and D4
conduct during the negative half cycle of the input supply
to produce the output along the load resistor. Here also
two diodes work to produce the output voltage. The
current flows in the same direction as during the positive
half cycle of the input.
Working of a
Bridge
Rectifier:
18. From the figure, it is evident that the
output is obtained for both the positive and
negative half cycles. It is also observed
that the output across the load resistor is
in the same direction for both the half
cycles.
Advantages
There are many advantages for a
bridge full wave rectifier:
• No need of center-tapping.
• The dc output voltage is twice
that of the center-tapper FWR.
• PIV of the diodes is of the half
value that of the center-tapper
FWR.
• The design of the circuit is
easier with better output.
19. Terms Half Wave Rectifier
Center Tapped
FWR
Bridge FWR
Number of Diodes 1 2 4
Transformer
tapping
NO YES NO
Peak Inverse
Voltage
Vm 2Vm Vm
Maximum
Efficiency
40.6% 81.2% 81.2%
Ripple Factor 1.21 0.48 0.48
Output frequency fin 2fin 2fin
Average / dc
curren
Im/π 2Im/π 2Im/π
DC voltage Vm/π 2Vm/π 2Vm/π
RMS current Im/2 Im/√2 Im/√2
COMPARISON OF THREE
RECTIFIERS
21. The ripple in the signal denotes the presence of some AC component. This ac
component has to be completely removed in order to get pure dc output. So, we
need a circuit that smoothens the rectified output into a pure dc signal.
A filter circuit is one which removes the ac component present in the rectified
output and allows the dc component to reach the load.
A filter circuit is constructed using two main components, inductor and
capacitor. We have already studied in Basic Electronics tutorial that
• An inductor allows dc and blocks ac.
• A capacitor allows ac and blocks dc.
22. Series Inductor Filter
As an inductor allows dc and blocks ac, a filter called Series Inductor Filter can be
constructed by connecting the inductor in series, between the rectifier and the load.
The rectified output when passed through this filter, the inductor blocks the ac
components that are present in the signal, in order to provide a pure dc. This is a
simple primary filter.
Shunt Capacitor Filter
As a capacitor allows ac through it and blocks dc, a filter called Shunt Capacitor Filter
can be constructed using a capacitor, connected in shunt. The rectified output when
passed through this filter, the ac components present in the signal are grounded
through the capacitor which allows ac components. The remaining dc components
present in the signal are collected at the output.
23. L-C Filter
A filter circuit can be constructed using both inductor and capacitor in order
to obtain a better output where the efficiencies of both inductor and capacitor
can be used.
The rectified output when given to this circuit, the inductor allows dc
components to pass through it, blocking the ac components in the signal.
Now, from that signal, few more ac components if any present are grounded
so that we get a pure dc output.
This filter is also called as a Choke Input Filter as the input signal first enters
the inductor. The output of this filter is a better one than the previous ones.
24. Π- Filter (Pi Filter)
This is another type of filter circuit which is very commonly used. It has capacitor at its
input and hence it is also called as a Capacitor Input Filter. Here, two capacitors and one
inductor are connected in the form of π shaped network. A capacitor in parallel, then an
inductor in series, followed by another capacitor in parallel makes this circuit.
Working of a Pi filter
In this circuit, we have a capacitor in parallel, then an inductor in series, followed by
another capacitor in parallel.
Capacitor C1 − This filter capacitor offers high reactance to dc and low reactance to ac
signal. After grounding the ac components present in the signal, the signal passes to the
inductor for further filtration.
Inductor L − This inductor offers low reactance to dc components, while blocking the ac
components if any got managed to pass, through the capacitor C1.
Capacitor C2 − Now the signal is further smoothened using this capacitor so that it allows
any ac component present in the signal, which the inductor has failed to block.
Thus we, get the desired pure dc output at the load.