DENGUE CONTROL PROGRAMME-INDIA

1. DENGUE
DR.MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR

2. WHAT IS DENGUE?
• Dengue is a viral disease
• It is transmitted by the infective
bite of Aedes Aegypti mosquito
• Man develops disease after 5-6
days of being bitten by an infective
mosquito

3. • It occurs in two forms:
Dengue Fever and Dengue
Haemorrhagic Fever(DHF)
• Dengue Fever is a severe, flu-
like illness

4. • Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever
(DHF) is a more severe form of
disease, which may cause death
• Person suspected of having
dengue fever or DHF must see a
doctor at once

5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF DENGUE
FEVER
• Abrupt onset of high fever
• Severe frontal headache
• Pain behind the eyes which
worsens with eye movement

6. • Muscle and joint pains
• Loss of sense of taste and
appetite
• Measles-like rash over chest and
upper limbs
• Nausea and vomiting

7. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF DENGUE
HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER AND
SHOCK SYNDROME
• Symptoms similar to dengue
fever
• Severe continuous stomach
pains

8. • Skin becomes pale, cold or
clammy
• Bleeding from nose, mouth &
gums and skin rashes
• Frequent vomiting with or
without blood

9. • Sleepiness and restlessness
• Patient feels thirsty and mouth
becomes dry
• Rapid weak pulse
• Difficulty in breathing

10. TRANSMISSION CYCLE OF DENGUE

11. DISTRIBUTION OF DENGUE/DHF
IN INDIA

12. MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM

13. PERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITY
• Infected person with Dengue
becomes infective to mosquitoes 6
to 12 hours before the onset of the
disease and remains so upto 3 to 5
days.

14. FAVOURED BREEDING PLACES
• Desert coolers, Drums, Jars, Pots,
Buckets, Flower vases, Plant saucers,
Tanks, Cisterns, Bottles, Tins, Tyres, Roof
gutters, Refrigerator drip pans, Cement
blocks, Cemetery urns, Bamboo stumps,
Coconut shells, Tree holes and many
more places where rainwater collects or
is stored.

15. TREATMENT OF DENGUE & DHF
• Prevention is better than cure
• No drug or vaccine is available for
the treatment of Dengue/DHF

16. • The control of Aedes Aegypti
mosquito is the only method of
choice
• With early detection and proper
case management and symptomatic
treatment, mortality can be reduced
substantially

17. MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE CASE
• Early reporting of the suspected
dengue fever
• Management of dengue fever is
symptomatic & supportive

18. • In dengue shock syndrome, the
following treatment is
recommended:
–Replacement of plasma losses
–Correction of electrolyte and
metabolic disturbances
–Blood transfusion

19. DO'S AND DON'TS
• Remove water from coolers and
other small containers at least once
in a week
• Use aerosol during day time to
prevent the bites of mosquitoes

20. • Do not wear clothes that expose arms
and legs
• Children should not be allowed to play
in shorts and half sleeved clothes
• Use mosquito nets or mosquito
repellents while sleeping during day
time

21. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
• The clinician should record the temperature
and perform a tourniquet test and look for
the petechiae
• All suspected cases of fever with bleeding
should be investigated thoroughly for low
platelet count
• In case of shock, tests should be done for
detection of small fluid in the abdomen or
in the chest?

22. GOI INITIATIVES FOR DENGUE AND
CHIKUNGUNYA
• Developed a Long Term Action Plan for
Prevention and Control of Dengue in the
country and sent to the State(s) on January
2007 for implementation.
• National guidelines for clinical management
of Dengue Fever, Dengue Hammorragic
Fever, Dengue Shock Syndrome has been
sent to the State(s) April 2007 for circulation
in all hospitals.

23. • Established 110 Sentinel Surveillance
Hospitals with laboratory support for
augmentation of diagnostic facility for
Dengue in endemic State(s) in 2007
which has been increased to 170 in
2009.
• All these are linked with 13 Apex
Referral Laboratories with advanced
diagnostic facilities for back up
support.

24. • To maintain the uniformity and
standard of diagnostics in these
laboratories IgM MAC ELISA test kits
are provided through National Institute
of Virology (NIV), Pune. Cost is borne
by GOI.
• Diagnosis of Dengue and Chikungunya
is provided to the community at free of
cost.

25. • Since 2007, every year in the 1st
quarter Directorate of NVBDCP prepare
the tentative allocation of test kits
based on the previous epidemiological
situation of Dengue and Chikungunya
in the states and communicate to both
NIV, Pune and States.
• Kits are supplied by NIV, Pune on
receipt of requirement from the
respective states.

26. • Buffer stocks are also maintained to meet
any exigency.
• State wise allocation
of Dengue and Chikungunya during 2010 was
communicated to the states on 15th February
2010.
• Ensuring the diagnostic facility and
availability of kits is the responsibility of the
respective State Programme Officers,
NVBDCP.

27. PUDUCHERRY
• List of Sentinel Surveillance
Hospitals JIPMER, Pondicherry
• General Hospital, Pondicherry
• General Hospital, Karaikal
• IGMC&RI, Puducherry